一、代詞
代詞中主要講解六個問題來源：考試大
(一) 掌握代詞的幾種格：主格、賓格、所有格
名詞前面用代詞來修飾，只能用所有格（my books）
(二) 反身代詞
當主語和賓語表示同一事物時，賓語使用反身代詞。
He killed himself. （他自殺了）
He killed him. （他殺了他）來源：考試大
例：Researchers at the University of Colorado are investigating
A B
a series of indicators that could help
C
themselves to predict earthquakes.
D
分析：D錯，應改為them。如果用反身代詞themselves,指代對象是從句主語that(即名詞indicators),這顯然是錯誤的。從句意來看，help的賓語應該是主句主語researchers,故應用代詞賓格而不是反身代詞。注意C并沒有錯，情態(tài)動詞could 比can語氣弱，表示較小的可能性。
Indicator為征兆，這些征兆幫助他們來預言地震。主語是征兆，后面指研究者，不是同一個事物。
(三) 代詞的單復數(shù)，代詞的性別來源：考試大
在考試中如果代詞打橫線，代詞錯誤的概率是非常高的，因此代詞打橫線，應該先看代詞有沒有錯。
例：The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies
that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from it flowing into the
A B C D
Pacific.
分析：D錯，應改為those。D指代復數(shù)名詞waters, it是單數(shù)，顯然是錯誤的，根據(jù)習慣故改為those。注意waters一詞并沒有錯，它指江湖河海中的大片水域，可用復數(shù)形式。
Water作為水是不可數(shù)名詞，waters表示水域，通常使用復數(shù)形式，作主語謂語動詞用復數(shù)。
Work作為工作是不可數(shù)名詞，work作為作品，可數(shù)不可數(shù)都可以，例如：
Many of his works= much of his work, work都表示作品
例：In 1920 the presidential candidate Warren Harding coined
A
the word“normalcy”to express social and
B
economic conditions they promised the nation.
C D
分析：D錯，應改為he。動作promised是由Warren Harding發(fā)出來的，故用第三人稱單數(shù)he來指代。
例：Many critics believe that Amy Lwell' s most important
A
work is not poetry, but his biography, John
B C
Keats, published the year of her death.
D
分析：C錯，應改為her。his指男性，顯然是錯誤的，應改為her與后面的her同指Amy Lowell.
(四) Who和which的區(qū)別
which指代事物或者動物，who指代人，who/whom son往往要改為whose son, whose可以指代事物。
例：The human body contains more than six hundred muscles who
A B
account for approximately forty percent of the body weight.
C D
分析：B錯，應改為which或that。先行詞不是指人，而是指物，關系代詞不能用who,故改為which或that。
人體前面加定冠詞the, account for 占有多大的比例，解釋說明。
(五) that和which的區(qū)別來源：考試大
介詞后面使用which, 而不用that, in that除外來源：考試大
例：When television was first introduced, the extent to that it
A B
would affect society could not have been foreseen.
C D
分析：B錯，應改為which。The extent to which, 介詞加which(引導定語從句)，影響社會的程度沒有被預見
(六) 定語從句的特殊省略來源：考試大
Reason后面有定語從句，中間往往省略why, Time后面有定語從句，中間往往省略when，way后面有定語從句，中間省略了in which。
I do remember the time I heard the sweetest voice in the wild world.
例：Research on pain has been neglected, although the mainly
A B
reason people take medicine is to relieve pain.
C D
分析：B錯，應改為main。mainly為副詞，不能個飾后面的名詞，故改為形容詞main。句子中people take medicine修飾reason，定語從句引導詞被省略
例：Commercial expansion from city to suburb has
affected the way people in the United States----.
(A) living and working來源：考試大
(B) they live and work 來源：考試大
(C) live and work來源：考試大
(D) to live and to work
分析：選擇C, the way people....影響了人們生活和工作的方式。
代詞中主要講解六個問題來源：考試大
(一) 掌握代詞的幾種格：主格、賓格、所有格
名詞前面用代詞來修飾，只能用所有格（my books）
(二) 反身代詞
當主語和賓語表示同一事物時，賓語使用反身代詞。
He killed himself. （他自殺了）
He killed him. （他殺了他）來源：考試大
例：Researchers at the University of Colorado are investigating
A B
a series of indicators that could help
C
themselves to predict earthquakes.
D
分析：D錯，應改為them。如果用反身代詞themselves,指代對象是從句主語that(即名詞indicators),這顯然是錯誤的。從句意來看，help的賓語應該是主句主語researchers,故應用代詞賓格而不是反身代詞。注意C并沒有錯，情態(tài)動詞could 比can語氣弱，表示較小的可能性。
Indicator為征兆，這些征兆幫助他們來預言地震。主語是征兆，后面指研究者，不是同一個事物。
(三) 代詞的單復數(shù)，代詞的性別來源：考試大
在考試中如果代詞打橫線，代詞錯誤的概率是非常高的，因此代詞打橫線，應該先看代詞有沒有錯。
例：The continental divide refers to an imaginary line in the North American Rockies
that divides the waters flowing into the Atlantic Ocean from it flowing into the
A B C D
Pacific.
分析：D錯，應改為those。D指代復數(shù)名詞waters, it是單數(shù)，顯然是錯誤的，根據(jù)習慣故改為those。注意waters一詞并沒有錯，它指江湖河海中的大片水域，可用復數(shù)形式。
Water作為水是不可數(shù)名詞，waters表示水域，通常使用復數(shù)形式，作主語謂語動詞用復數(shù)。
Work作為工作是不可數(shù)名詞，work作為作品，可數(shù)不可數(shù)都可以，例如：
Many of his works= much of his work, work都表示作品
例：In 1920 the presidential candidate Warren Harding coined
A
the word“normalcy”to express social and
B
economic conditions they promised the nation.
C D
分析：D錯，應改為he。動作promised是由Warren Harding發(fā)出來的，故用第三人稱單數(shù)he來指代。
例：Many critics believe that Amy Lwell' s most important
A
work is not poetry, but his biography, John
B C
Keats, published the year of her death.
D
分析：C錯，應改為her。his指男性，顯然是錯誤的，應改為her與后面的her同指Amy Lowell.
(四) Who和which的區(qū)別
which指代事物或者動物，who指代人，who/whom son往往要改為whose son, whose可以指代事物。
例：The human body contains more than six hundred muscles who
A B
account for approximately forty percent of the body weight.
C D
分析：B錯，應改為which或that。先行詞不是指人，而是指物，關系代詞不能用who,故改為which或that。
人體前面加定冠詞the, account for 占有多大的比例，解釋說明。
(五) that和which的區(qū)別來源：考試大
介詞后面使用which, 而不用that, in that除外來源：考試大
例：When television was first introduced, the extent to that it
A B
would affect society could not have been foreseen.
C D
分析：B錯，應改為which。The extent to which, 介詞加which(引導定語從句)，影響社會的程度沒有被預見
(六) 定語從句的特殊省略來源：考試大
Reason后面有定語從句，中間往往省略why, Time后面有定語從句，中間往往省略when，way后面有定語從句，中間省略了in which。
I do remember the time I heard the sweetest voice in the wild world.
例：Research on pain has been neglected, although the mainly
A B
reason people take medicine is to relieve pain.
C D
分析：B錯，應改為main。mainly為副詞，不能個飾后面的名詞，故改為形容詞main。句子中people take medicine修飾reason，定語從句引導詞被省略
例：Commercial expansion from city to suburb has
affected the way people in the United States----.
(A) living and working來源：考試大
(B) they live and work 來源：考試大
(C) live and work來源：考試大
(D) to live and to work
分析：選擇C, the way people....影響了人們生活和工作的方式。