經(jīng)濟(jì)·economy （1）
113.economics ：經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)
The study of wealth and its creation, distribution, and consumption.
形容財(cái)富及其創(chuàng)造、分配和消費(fèi)的科學(xué)。
Susan is majoring in economics at Harvard.
蘇珊在哈佛攻讀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)專業(yè)。
114.economy ：經(jīng)濟(jì)
The organization of social and political institutions and business for production.
社會(huì)及政治機(jī)構(gòu)的組織以及以生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)為目的的企業(yè)組織。
National leaders must always worry about the state of the economy.
國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人必須一直為經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況操心。
115.Fortune 500 ：《財(cái)富》500家公司
A list of the 500 largest American corporations published annually by “Fortune” magazine.
由《財(cái)富》雜志每年公布的全美國(guó)的500家公司。
Who are the top 10 companies on the Fortune 500 list?
在《財(cái)富》500家公司中，前10名是哪些？
116.franchise ：經(jīng)銷權(quán)，連鎖店
A contract or license permitting a regional distributor to use the name and sell products of another company.
地區(qū)分銷商得到其他公司的合同或許可證，有權(quán)使用其名稱并銷售其產(chǎn)品。 14
Clancy is opening a new McDonald’s franchise in London.
克蘭西在倫敦開了一家麥當(dāng)勞連鎖店。
117.freeze ：凍結(jié)
The fixing of some economic factor, such as prices, employment, spending, etc.
停止一些經(jīng)濟(jì)因素的變動(dòng)，如價(jià)格、就業(yè)、開支等。
The government caused a price freeze at the gas pumps.
政府凍結(jié)了汽油泵的價(jià)格。
118.full employment ：充分就業(yè)
An economic condition in which unemployment is deemed minimal and acceptable, usually under six percent.
失業(yè)率處于可接受的最小值，常常是６％以下的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)。
The condition of full employment is something that most countries rarely achieve.
充分就業(yè)是大多數(shù)國(guó)家很少取得的經(jīng)濟(jì)局面。
119.glamour stock ：熱門股票
A stock in a new or rapidly developing industry that tends to rise quickly in price.
新興且發(fā)展迅速的產(chǎn)業(yè)所發(fā)行的股票，有迅速升值的趨勢(shì)。
John specializes in buying glamour stock, particular in media, and entertainment companies.
約翰專門購(gòu)買由傳媒、娛樂(lè)公司發(fā)行的熱門股票。
120.glas ceiling ：性別障礙，玻璃天花板
A term used to describe an invisible barrier that prevents women from entering the ranks of senior-level management.
指阻止女性進(jìn)入高級(jí)管理階層的一種無(wú)形障礙。
Many women in the 90s are protesting the glass ceiling that bars them form upper management in large corporation.
90年代，許多婦女*阻止她們進(jìn)入大公司高級(jí)管理階層的性別障礙。
121.global economy ：全球經(jīng)濟(jì)
Worldwide trade, travel, competition, etc.
世界范圍內(nèi)的貿(mào)易、旅游、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)等。
Companies in the 1990s are thinking globally in order to stay competitive in the new global economy.
為在新的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)中保持競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，90年代的公司都從全球的角度考慮問(wèn)題。
122.GNP ：國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值
An abbr. For “gross national product.” The total annual monetary value of all goods, services, and products sold on markets of national economy.
“gross national product” 的縮寫詞，指在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)市場(chǎng)上銷售的所有商品、服務(wù)和產(chǎn)品的年度貨幣總值。
What was Japan’s GNP in 1987?
1987年日本的國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值是多少？
123.golden parachute ：高額離職補(bǔ)貼
A substantial compensation given to top executives as a severance bonus when they are terminated from the positions in the event of a corporate merger or takeover.
在發(fā)生合并或兼并的情況下，公司高層行政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)離開其職位時(shí)所獲得的豐厚補(bǔ)償，作為高額離職補(bǔ)助金。
CEOs typically receive a golden parachute when their companies are seized in a hostile takeover.
公司被他方惡意接管時(shí)，通常情況下總裁們都會(huì)得到高額的離職補(bǔ)貼。
124.gray market ：灰色市場(chǎng)
A market in which scare goods such as computer chips are traded at above-market prices through irregular channels or by methods not illegal but usually not considered ethical.
以高于正常市場(chǎng)價(jià)格來(lái)銷售稀缺商品如電腦芯片的市場(chǎng)。這種交易通常以非正常渠道進(jìn)行，手段雖不犯法但也不被認(rèn)為是合乎道德的。 15
Our company is losing a lot of money to similar products being sold on the gray market.
由于類似產(chǎn)品在灰色市場(chǎng)上銷售，我們公司損失很大。
125.greenmail ：綠票欺詐
The purchase, usually in secret, of a large block of a company’s stock, thereby signaling a possible takeover attempt, and ultimately forcing the company to try to thwart the attempt by buying back its stock at a much higher price.
秘密購(gòu)買一公司的大部分股票，以此暗示可能進(jìn)行接管，最終迫使該公司為挫敗對(duì)方的企圖，不得不以高出很多的價(jià)格買回股份。
The ABC company found themselves a victim of greenmail when they realized they had bought back their stock at a much higher price.
當(dāng)ABC公司以高得多的價(jià)格買回自己的股份時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)本公司成了綠票欺詐的受害者。
126.hardball ：商場(chǎng)上的殺手锏，動(dòng)真格
Slang for highly competitive or ruthless business practices.
俚語(yǔ)，指生意上極具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力或冷酷無(wú)情的做法。
Our competitors are using tactics that indicate that they want to play hardball.
我們的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手所用的戰(zhàn)術(shù)表明他們要?jiǎng)诱娓窳恕?BR> 127.hostile takeover ：敵意接管
The act of taking control of a company by buying up enough of its stock t gain a controlling interest.
通過(guò)購(gòu)買足夠股份從而獲得控股權(quán)的辦法來(lái)接管一家公司。
Last year the small airline company was bought up in a hostile takeover.
去年這家小航空公司在一次敵意接管中被收購(gòu)。
128.hyperinflation ：高通脹
Rapid inflation and major shortages caused by panic buying.
迅猛的通貨膨脹和搶購(gòu)造成嚴(yán)重的商品短缺。
The fear of sudden natural disaster caused hyperinflation to occur in certain food markets because of panic buying by the public.
由于擔(dān)心自然災(zāi)害會(huì)突然降臨，公眾瘋狂搶購(gòu)，導(dǎo)致了一些食品市場(chǎng)的高通脹。
129.inflation ：通貨膨脹
A sustained rise in the price of goods and services.
商品和服務(wù)的價(jià)格持續(xù)上漲。
Has the rate of inflation dropped in the last six months?
在過(guò)去的６個(gè)月里通貨膨脹率下降了嗎？
130.junk bond ：風(fēng)險(xiǎn)債券，垃圾債券
A slang term for a high-risk bond that offers a high return but is considered to have a dubious backing.
俚語(yǔ)。指高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高回報(bào)的債券，但被認(rèn)為有可疑的背景支持。
Michael Milken will always be synonymous with the term ”junk bond king.”
邁克爾·米爾肯總是“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)債券”的同義詞。
131.labor-intensive ：勞動(dòng)密集型的
(adj.)A term used to describe production that uses more labor than capital.
運(yùn)用人力多于資本的生產(chǎn)。
The parts are very labor-intensive which makes them very expensive.
零件是用密集勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)出來(lái)的，這樣價(jià)格就很貴。
132.leveraged buyout(LBO) ：舉債收購(gòu)
A procedure by which an investor borrows money to purchase enough of a company’s assets to gain a controlling interest, using the assets of the targeted firm as collateral.
16
投資者以收購(gòu)對(duì)象的資產(chǎn)作擔(dān)保，借錢來(lái)收購(gòu)該公司的足夠資產(chǎn)以獲得控股權(quán)的過(guò)程。
Sometimes a smaller company will use the technique of a leveraged buyout to takeover another company.
有時(shí)候小公司可以用舉債收購(gòu)的手段來(lái)接管另一家公司。
133.macroeconomics ：宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)
An economic branch dealing with broad aspects of the economy, esp. factors on a national level.
經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的分支，研究經(jīng)濟(jì)的宏觀方面，尤其是國(guó)家層次上的因素。
Mr. Samuels is an expert in macroeconomics.
塞謬爾斯先生是位宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)專家。
134.market share ：市場(chǎng)份額
A percentage of total sales within a specific market by one company.
一公司產(chǎn)品的銷售總額在某一特定商品市場(chǎng)上所占的百分比。
The kelloggs company has over 50 percent of the market share for breakfast cereals
克洛格公司在早餐粥市場(chǎng)上占有超過(guò)50％以上的份額。
113.economics ：經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)
The study of wealth and its creation, distribution, and consumption.
形容財(cái)富及其創(chuàng)造、分配和消費(fèi)的科學(xué)。
Susan is majoring in economics at Harvard.
蘇珊在哈佛攻讀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)專業(yè)。
114.economy ：經(jīng)濟(jì)
The organization of social and political institutions and business for production.
社會(huì)及政治機(jī)構(gòu)的組織以及以生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)為目的的企業(yè)組織。
National leaders must always worry about the state of the economy.
國(guó)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人必須一直為經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況操心。
115.Fortune 500 ：《財(cái)富》500家公司
A list of the 500 largest American corporations published annually by “Fortune” magazine.
由《財(cái)富》雜志每年公布的全美國(guó)的500家公司。
Who are the top 10 companies on the Fortune 500 list?
在《財(cái)富》500家公司中，前10名是哪些？
116.franchise ：經(jīng)銷權(quán)，連鎖店
A contract or license permitting a regional distributor to use the name and sell products of another company.
地區(qū)分銷商得到其他公司的合同或許可證，有權(quán)使用其名稱并銷售其產(chǎn)品。 14
Clancy is opening a new McDonald’s franchise in London.
克蘭西在倫敦開了一家麥當(dāng)勞連鎖店。
117.freeze ：凍結(jié)
The fixing of some economic factor, such as prices, employment, spending, etc.
停止一些經(jīng)濟(jì)因素的變動(dòng)，如價(jià)格、就業(yè)、開支等。
The government caused a price freeze at the gas pumps.
政府凍結(jié)了汽油泵的價(jià)格。
118.full employment ：充分就業(yè)
An economic condition in which unemployment is deemed minimal and acceptable, usually under six percent.
失業(yè)率處于可接受的最小值，常常是６％以下的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)。
The condition of full employment is something that most countries rarely achieve.
充分就業(yè)是大多數(shù)國(guó)家很少取得的經(jīng)濟(jì)局面。
119.glamour stock ：熱門股票
A stock in a new or rapidly developing industry that tends to rise quickly in price.
新興且發(fā)展迅速的產(chǎn)業(yè)所發(fā)行的股票，有迅速升值的趨勢(shì)。
John specializes in buying glamour stock, particular in media, and entertainment companies.
約翰專門購(gòu)買由傳媒、娛樂(lè)公司發(fā)行的熱門股票。
120.glas ceiling ：性別障礙，玻璃天花板
A term used to describe an invisible barrier that prevents women from entering the ranks of senior-level management.
指阻止女性進(jìn)入高級(jí)管理階層的一種無(wú)形障礙。
Many women in the 90s are protesting the glass ceiling that bars them form upper management in large corporation.
90年代，許多婦女*阻止她們進(jìn)入大公司高級(jí)管理階層的性別障礙。
121.global economy ：全球經(jīng)濟(jì)
Worldwide trade, travel, competition, etc.
世界范圍內(nèi)的貿(mào)易、旅游、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)等。
Companies in the 1990s are thinking globally in order to stay competitive in the new global economy.
為在新的全球經(jīng)濟(jì)中保持競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，90年代的公司都從全球的角度考慮問(wèn)題。
122.GNP ：國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值
An abbr. For “gross national product.” The total annual monetary value of all goods, services, and products sold on markets of national economy.
“gross national product” 的縮寫詞，指在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)市場(chǎng)上銷售的所有商品、服務(wù)和產(chǎn)品的年度貨幣總值。
What was Japan’s GNP in 1987?
1987年日本的國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值是多少？
123.golden parachute ：高額離職補(bǔ)貼
A substantial compensation given to top executives as a severance bonus when they are terminated from the positions in the event of a corporate merger or takeover.
在發(fā)生合并或兼并的情況下，公司高層行政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)離開其職位時(shí)所獲得的豐厚補(bǔ)償，作為高額離職補(bǔ)助金。
CEOs typically receive a golden parachute when their companies are seized in a hostile takeover.
公司被他方惡意接管時(shí)，通常情況下總裁們都會(huì)得到高額的離職補(bǔ)貼。
124.gray market ：灰色市場(chǎng)
A market in which scare goods such as computer chips are traded at above-market prices through irregular channels or by methods not illegal but usually not considered ethical.
以高于正常市場(chǎng)價(jià)格來(lái)銷售稀缺商品如電腦芯片的市場(chǎng)。這種交易通常以非正常渠道進(jìn)行，手段雖不犯法但也不被認(rèn)為是合乎道德的。 15
Our company is losing a lot of money to similar products being sold on the gray market.
由于類似產(chǎn)品在灰色市場(chǎng)上銷售，我們公司損失很大。
125.greenmail ：綠票欺詐
The purchase, usually in secret, of a large block of a company’s stock, thereby signaling a possible takeover attempt, and ultimately forcing the company to try to thwart the attempt by buying back its stock at a much higher price.
秘密購(gòu)買一公司的大部分股票，以此暗示可能進(jìn)行接管，最終迫使該公司為挫敗對(duì)方的企圖，不得不以高出很多的價(jià)格買回股份。
The ABC company found themselves a victim of greenmail when they realized they had bought back their stock at a much higher price.
當(dāng)ABC公司以高得多的價(jià)格買回自己的股份時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)本公司成了綠票欺詐的受害者。
126.hardball ：商場(chǎng)上的殺手锏，動(dòng)真格
Slang for highly competitive or ruthless business practices.
俚語(yǔ)，指生意上極具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力或冷酷無(wú)情的做法。
Our competitors are using tactics that indicate that they want to play hardball.
我們的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手所用的戰(zhàn)術(shù)表明他們要?jiǎng)诱娓窳恕?BR> 127.hostile takeover ：敵意接管
The act of taking control of a company by buying up enough of its stock t gain a controlling interest.
通過(guò)購(gòu)買足夠股份從而獲得控股權(quán)的辦法來(lái)接管一家公司。
Last year the small airline company was bought up in a hostile takeover.
去年這家小航空公司在一次敵意接管中被收購(gòu)。
128.hyperinflation ：高通脹
Rapid inflation and major shortages caused by panic buying.
迅猛的通貨膨脹和搶購(gòu)造成嚴(yán)重的商品短缺。
The fear of sudden natural disaster caused hyperinflation to occur in certain food markets because of panic buying by the public.
由于擔(dān)心自然災(zāi)害會(huì)突然降臨，公眾瘋狂搶購(gòu)，導(dǎo)致了一些食品市場(chǎng)的高通脹。
129.inflation ：通貨膨脹
A sustained rise in the price of goods and services.
商品和服務(wù)的價(jià)格持續(xù)上漲。
Has the rate of inflation dropped in the last six months?
在過(guò)去的６個(gè)月里通貨膨脹率下降了嗎？
130.junk bond ：風(fēng)險(xiǎn)債券，垃圾債券
A slang term for a high-risk bond that offers a high return but is considered to have a dubious backing.
俚語(yǔ)。指高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高回報(bào)的債券，但被認(rèn)為有可疑的背景支持。
Michael Milken will always be synonymous with the term ”junk bond king.”
邁克爾·米爾肯總是“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)債券”的同義詞。
131.labor-intensive ：勞動(dòng)密集型的
(adj.)A term used to describe production that uses more labor than capital.
運(yùn)用人力多于資本的生產(chǎn)。
The parts are very labor-intensive which makes them very expensive.
零件是用密集勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)出來(lái)的，這樣價(jià)格就很貴。
132.leveraged buyout(LBO) ：舉債收購(gòu)
A procedure by which an investor borrows money to purchase enough of a company’s assets to gain a controlling interest, using the assets of the targeted firm as collateral.
16
投資者以收購(gòu)對(duì)象的資產(chǎn)作擔(dān)保，借錢來(lái)收購(gòu)該公司的足夠資產(chǎn)以獲得控股權(quán)的過(guò)程。
Sometimes a smaller company will use the technique of a leveraged buyout to takeover another company.
有時(shí)候小公司可以用舉債收購(gòu)的手段來(lái)接管另一家公司。
133.macroeconomics ：宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)
An economic branch dealing with broad aspects of the economy, esp. factors on a national level.
經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的分支，研究經(jīng)濟(jì)的宏觀方面，尤其是國(guó)家層次上的因素。
Mr. Samuels is an expert in macroeconomics.
塞謬爾斯先生是位宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)專家。
134.market share ：市場(chǎng)份額
A percentage of total sales within a specific market by one company.
一公司產(chǎn)品的銷售總額在某一特定商品市場(chǎng)上所占的百分比。
The kelloggs company has over 50 percent of the market share for breakfast cereals
克洛格公司在早餐粥市場(chǎng)上占有超過(guò)50％以上的份額。