16.benefit n.益處；優(yōu)越性；保險(xiǎn)金，救濟(jì)金
I’ve had the benefit of a good education.我得益于良好的教育。/the benefits of science科學(xué)的優(yōu)良條件/ unemployment benefits失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)
vi.得益
He hasn’t benefited from the experience.他并沒(méi)有從他的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中受益。
vt.使……受益
This policy benefits the whole city.這個(gè)政策使整個(gè)城市受益。
【用法】benefit作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其后常接介詞 from。
17.bore vt.使……感到厭煩
All his old stories bore me.他所有的老生常談使我厭煩。
n.令人厭煩的事物
Don’t be such a bore.別這么討厭。
【用法】bore的兩種分詞形式boring和 bored：boring表示主動(dòng)，指某事物令人厭煩；bored表示被動(dòng)，指被某事物弄得厭煩。
He was bored with his job./It’s a boring film.
類(lèi)似的詞還有interesting與interested；exciting與 excited等。
C
18.concentrate v.全神貫注，精神集中，專(zhuān)心致志；集中，集合；濃縮
We should concentrate all our efforts on improving education.我們應(yīng)該集中精力努力改進(jìn)教育工作。
Troops are concentrating south of the river.軍隊(duì)正向河的南邊集結(jié)。
n.濃縮液
【用法】concentrate(sth.)on sth./doing sth.
【全真考題】Anne couldn’t concentrate what she was doing while her family were watching TV.(93.1)
A.to B.on C.for D.in
【答案】B
19.continual adj.繼續(xù)不斷的；一再重復(fù)的 continual rain不停的雨
【辨析】continual與continuous
continual一般指多次重復(fù)的動(dòng)作：Please stop your continual questions.
continuous表示動(dòng)作或物體繼續(xù)不停地或不間斷地進(jìn)行下去：a continuous flow of traffic
【全真考題】Our journey was slow because the train stopped at different villages.(99.1)
A.unceasingly B.gradually
C.continuously D.continually
【答案】D
20.contrary adj.(在性質(zhì)、傾向或方向等方面)相反的；好與人作對(duì)的
contrary beliefs截然相反的信仰
He is an awkward，contrary child.他是個(gè)又麻煩又不聽(tīng)話(huà)的孩子。
n.反面
【用法】contrary to違反：be contrary to the law；on the contrary與此相反：It doesn’t seem ugly to me；on the contrary，I think it’s rather beautiful.
【全真考題】What you have done is the doctor’s orders.(90.1)
A.attached to B.responsible to
C.resistant to D.contrary to
【答案】D
21.contributev.捐款，捐助；有助于；投稿 We contributed clothing to the relief of the poor.我們捐贈(zèng)衣物救濟(jì)貧民。
Hard work contributed to his success.努力工作使他成功。
He contributed poems to the magazine.他投詩(shī)稿給雜志。
【用法】contribute與介詞to搭配：contribute(sth.) to
【全真考題】Medical research has shown that the widespread use of cigarettes contributes the increase of cancers.(94.1)
A.towards B.for C.with D.to
【答案】D
22.critical adj.吹毛求疵的，批評(píng)的；決定性的，重要的
He is so critical that nobody can please him.他太吹毛求疵，所以沒(méi)有人能取悅他。
We arrived at the critical moment.我們?cè)陉P(guān)鍵時(shí)刻到達(dá)。
【用法】critical作吹毛求疵的、批評(píng)的講時(shí)與介詞 of搭配。
【全真考題】The director was critical the way we were doing the work.(2000.1)
A.at B.in C.of D.with
【答案】C
《大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱》中，關(guān)于四級(jí)詞匯的要求是：“領(lǐng)會(huì)式掌握4200單詞(其中復(fù)用式掌握的單詞為 2500)以及由這些詞構(gòu)成的常用詞組1600條(中學(xué)所掌握的單詞和詞組均包括在內(nèi))，并具有按照基本構(gòu)詞法識(shí)別生詞的能力?！贝缶V中所指的領(lǐng)會(huì)式強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)詞義的認(rèn)知，而復(fù)用式則強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)這類(lèi)詞的詞義辨析、用法以及搭配關(guān)系的掌握。因此，以大綱為指導(dǎo)，四級(jí)考試中詞匯的內(nèi)容，除了考察對(duì)單詞的認(rèn)知外，還測(cè)試詞義的細(xì)微區(qū)別、詞匯用法和搭配關(guān)系。目前考察領(lǐng)會(huì)式詞匯為73.9%占大部分，復(fù)用式占26.1%。在此篇和上期所列重點(diǎn)詞匯的四級(jí)考題中，bare，concentrate，contribute，continual，critical都以復(fù)用式詞匯方式來(lái)考察。其中，bare和continual考察詞義的辨析；concentrate， contribute和critical考察了詞的搭配關(guān)系。當(dāng)然，四級(jí)試題中詞匯的領(lǐng)會(huì)與復(fù)用也不都是界限分明的，有時(shí)在一道題中會(huì)既考察認(rèn)知又考察用法等。
D
請(qǐng)大家先作完以下的題目，再學(xué)習(xí)單詞，看看效果如何？
23.The issue is how to_______ of radioactive waste.
A.deal B.dispose C.disposal D.do
［答案與譯文］B.問(wèn)題是怎樣處理放射性廢料。
［辨析及搭配］A.deal(with)處理；應(yīng)付；做生意。例句：I have dealt with this company for more than a decade.我已經(jīng)與這家公司做了十多年的生意。B. dispose(of)處理；處置；除掉；去掉。例句：Man proposes，God disposes.謀事在人，成事在天。Dispose of these old newspapers！把這些舊報(bào)紙?zhí)幚淼簟.disposaln.處理；處置。D.do處理；整頓；解決(問(wèn)題)。
24.The trend of brain drain does the developing countries_______ degrees of harm.
A.diver B.diversify C.diverse D.diversity
［答案與譯文］C.人才外流的趨勢(shì)不同程度傷害著發(fā)展中國(guó)家。
［辨析及搭配］A.diver n.潛水員。B.diversify v.使多樣化。C.diverse adj.不同的。D.diversity n.多樣性。此處只能用形容詞diverse修飾名詞。
25.Whether he could obtain his diploma or not greatly_______ him.
A.disturbed B.distinguished C.distresses D.disputes
［答案與譯文］A.是否能取得文憑極大地?cái)_亂了他的心緒。
［辨析及搭配］A.disturb擾亂；打擾。B.distinguish(between；from)區(qū)分；辨別。C.distress使悲痛；使憂(yōu)傷。D.dispute爭(zhēng)論；辯論；爭(zhēng)執(zhí)。
26.All had to stay in the open space，esp.at night， for the_______ of the warning of an earthquake.
A.donation B.domination C.destination D.duration
［答案與譯文］D.在整個(gè)地震警報(bào)期間，大家只好(特別是在夜間)待在空曠的地方。
［辨析及搭配］A.donation捐贈(zèng)品；捐款。B. domination統(tǒng)治；控制；支配。C.destination目的地。D.duration期間；持續(xù)時(shí)間。
27.The free market is_______ with purchasers and merchants.
A.deliberate B.dense C.dependent D.desirable
［答案與譯文］B.自由市場(chǎng)上云集買(mǎi)賣(mài)雙方而一片繁忙。
［辨析及搭配］A.deliberate蓄意的；審慎的。B. dense(with)密集的；濃厚的；繁忙的。C.dependent依靠的；依賴(lài)的；以……而定。D.desirable值得要的；合心意的；悅?cè)诵囊獾摹?BR> 28.Mr.Smith is used to reading his favorite academic_______ over coffee.
A.digital B.digest C.digestion D.indigestion
［答案與譯文］B.史密斯先生習(xí)慣于邊喝咖啡邊讀他最喜歡的學(xué)術(shù)文摘。
［辨析及搭配］首先排除A.digital adj.數(shù)字的；數(shù)碼的。后面三個(gè)是同根詞：B.digest v.消化，領(lǐng)悟。n.文摘，摘要。C.digestion n.消化，領(lǐng)悟。D.indigestionn.消化不良。
29.Failure is the mother of success，so that hers hasn’t_______ her，but encouraged her to redouble her exertions instead.
A.discharged B.discounted
C.discarded D.discouraged
［答案與譯文］D.失敗乃成功之母。所以她的失敗沒(méi)使她灰心喪氣，反而使她加倍努力。
［辨析及搭配］A.discharge v.允許……離開(kāi)；排(放)出。B.discount vt.打斷；漠視；認(rèn)為……不值得考慮。C.discard vt.＆vi.拋棄；放棄。D.discouragev.使泄氣；沮喪；阻攔。
30.The chemistry teacher dipped his finger into the mixture_______ and took it out of it.
A.indirectly B.directly C.dimly D.diplomatically
［答案與譯文］B.化學(xué)老師把一個(gè)指頭伸進(jìn)混合液里，立刻又拿了出來(lái)。
［辨析及搭配］A.indirectly間接地；拐彎抹角地。 B.directly立即；很快；直接地。C.dimly微暗地；朦朧地。D.diplomatically外交上；外交地。
I’ve had the benefit of a good education.我得益于良好的教育。/the benefits of science科學(xué)的優(yōu)良條件/ unemployment benefits失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)
vi.得益
He hasn’t benefited from the experience.他并沒(méi)有從他的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中受益。
vt.使……受益
This policy benefits the whole city.這個(gè)政策使整個(gè)城市受益。
【用法】benefit作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其后常接介詞 from。
17.bore vt.使……感到厭煩
All his old stories bore me.他所有的老生常談使我厭煩。
n.令人厭煩的事物
Don’t be such a bore.別這么討厭。
【用法】bore的兩種分詞形式boring和 bored：boring表示主動(dòng)，指某事物令人厭煩；bored表示被動(dòng)，指被某事物弄得厭煩。
He was bored with his job./It’s a boring film.
類(lèi)似的詞還有interesting與interested；exciting與 excited等。
C
18.concentrate v.全神貫注，精神集中，專(zhuān)心致志；集中，集合；濃縮
We should concentrate all our efforts on improving education.我們應(yīng)該集中精力努力改進(jìn)教育工作。
Troops are concentrating south of the river.軍隊(duì)正向河的南邊集結(jié)。
n.濃縮液
【用法】concentrate(sth.)on sth./doing sth.
【全真考題】Anne couldn’t concentrate what she was doing while her family were watching TV.(93.1)
A.to B.on C.for D.in
【答案】B
19.continual adj.繼續(xù)不斷的；一再重復(fù)的 continual rain不停的雨
【辨析】continual與continuous
continual一般指多次重復(fù)的動(dòng)作：Please stop your continual questions.
continuous表示動(dòng)作或物體繼續(xù)不停地或不間斷地進(jìn)行下去：a continuous flow of traffic
【全真考題】Our journey was slow because the train stopped at different villages.(99.1)
A.unceasingly B.gradually
C.continuously D.continually
【答案】D
20.contrary adj.(在性質(zhì)、傾向或方向等方面)相反的；好與人作對(duì)的
contrary beliefs截然相反的信仰
He is an awkward，contrary child.他是個(gè)又麻煩又不聽(tīng)話(huà)的孩子。
n.反面
【用法】contrary to違反：be contrary to the law；on the contrary與此相反：It doesn’t seem ugly to me；on the contrary，I think it’s rather beautiful.
【全真考題】What you have done is the doctor’s orders.(90.1)
A.attached to B.responsible to
C.resistant to D.contrary to
【答案】D
21.contributev.捐款，捐助；有助于；投稿 We contributed clothing to the relief of the poor.我們捐贈(zèng)衣物救濟(jì)貧民。
Hard work contributed to his success.努力工作使他成功。
He contributed poems to the magazine.他投詩(shī)稿給雜志。
【用法】contribute與介詞to搭配：contribute(sth.) to
【全真考題】Medical research has shown that the widespread use of cigarettes contributes the increase of cancers.(94.1)
A.towards B.for C.with D.to
【答案】D
22.critical adj.吹毛求疵的，批評(píng)的；決定性的，重要的
He is so critical that nobody can please him.他太吹毛求疵，所以沒(méi)有人能取悅他。
We arrived at the critical moment.我們?cè)陉P(guān)鍵時(shí)刻到達(dá)。
【用法】critical作吹毛求疵的、批評(píng)的講時(shí)與介詞 of搭配。
【全真考題】The director was critical the way we were doing the work.(2000.1)
A.at B.in C.of D.with
【答案】C
《大學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱》中，關(guān)于四級(jí)詞匯的要求是：“領(lǐng)會(huì)式掌握4200單詞(其中復(fù)用式掌握的單詞為 2500)以及由這些詞構(gòu)成的常用詞組1600條(中學(xué)所掌握的單詞和詞組均包括在內(nèi))，并具有按照基本構(gòu)詞法識(shí)別生詞的能力?！贝缶V中所指的領(lǐng)會(huì)式強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)詞義的認(rèn)知，而復(fù)用式則強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)這類(lèi)詞的詞義辨析、用法以及搭配關(guān)系的掌握。因此，以大綱為指導(dǎo)，四級(jí)考試中詞匯的內(nèi)容，除了考察對(duì)單詞的認(rèn)知外，還測(cè)試詞義的細(xì)微區(qū)別、詞匯用法和搭配關(guān)系。目前考察領(lǐng)會(huì)式詞匯為73.9%占大部分，復(fù)用式占26.1%。在此篇和上期所列重點(diǎn)詞匯的四級(jí)考題中，bare，concentrate，contribute，continual，critical都以復(fù)用式詞匯方式來(lái)考察。其中，bare和continual考察詞義的辨析；concentrate， contribute和critical考察了詞的搭配關(guān)系。當(dāng)然，四級(jí)試題中詞匯的領(lǐng)會(huì)與復(fù)用也不都是界限分明的，有時(shí)在一道題中會(huì)既考察認(rèn)知又考察用法等。
D
請(qǐng)大家先作完以下的題目，再學(xué)習(xí)單詞，看看效果如何？
23.The issue is how to_______ of radioactive waste.
A.deal B.dispose C.disposal D.do
［答案與譯文］B.問(wèn)題是怎樣處理放射性廢料。
［辨析及搭配］A.deal(with)處理；應(yīng)付；做生意。例句：I have dealt with this company for more than a decade.我已經(jīng)與這家公司做了十多年的生意。B. dispose(of)處理；處置；除掉；去掉。例句：Man proposes，God disposes.謀事在人，成事在天。Dispose of these old newspapers！把這些舊報(bào)紙?zhí)幚淼簟.disposaln.處理；處置。D.do處理；整頓；解決(問(wèn)題)。
24.The trend of brain drain does the developing countries_______ degrees of harm.
A.diver B.diversify C.diverse D.diversity
［答案與譯文］C.人才外流的趨勢(shì)不同程度傷害著發(fā)展中國(guó)家。
［辨析及搭配］A.diver n.潛水員。B.diversify v.使多樣化。C.diverse adj.不同的。D.diversity n.多樣性。此處只能用形容詞diverse修飾名詞。
25.Whether he could obtain his diploma or not greatly_______ him.
A.disturbed B.distinguished C.distresses D.disputes
［答案與譯文］A.是否能取得文憑極大地?cái)_亂了他的心緒。
［辨析及搭配］A.disturb擾亂；打擾。B.distinguish(between；from)區(qū)分；辨別。C.distress使悲痛；使憂(yōu)傷。D.dispute爭(zhēng)論；辯論；爭(zhēng)執(zhí)。
26.All had to stay in the open space，esp.at night， for the_______ of the warning of an earthquake.
A.donation B.domination C.destination D.duration
［答案與譯文］D.在整個(gè)地震警報(bào)期間，大家只好(特別是在夜間)待在空曠的地方。
［辨析及搭配］A.donation捐贈(zèng)品；捐款。B. domination統(tǒng)治；控制；支配。C.destination目的地。D.duration期間；持續(xù)時(shí)間。
27.The free market is_______ with purchasers and merchants.
A.deliberate B.dense C.dependent D.desirable
［答案與譯文］B.自由市場(chǎng)上云集買(mǎi)賣(mài)雙方而一片繁忙。
［辨析及搭配］A.deliberate蓄意的；審慎的。B. dense(with)密集的；濃厚的；繁忙的。C.dependent依靠的；依賴(lài)的；以……而定。D.desirable值得要的；合心意的；悅?cè)诵囊獾摹?BR> 28.Mr.Smith is used to reading his favorite academic_______ over coffee.
A.digital B.digest C.digestion D.indigestion
［答案與譯文］B.史密斯先生習(xí)慣于邊喝咖啡邊讀他最喜歡的學(xué)術(shù)文摘。
［辨析及搭配］首先排除A.digital adj.數(shù)字的；數(shù)碼的。后面三個(gè)是同根詞：B.digest v.消化，領(lǐng)悟。n.文摘，摘要。C.digestion n.消化，領(lǐng)悟。D.indigestionn.消化不良。
29.Failure is the mother of success，so that hers hasn’t_______ her，but encouraged her to redouble her exertions instead.
A.discharged B.discounted
C.discarded D.discouraged
［答案與譯文］D.失敗乃成功之母。所以她的失敗沒(méi)使她灰心喪氣，反而使她加倍努力。
［辨析及搭配］A.discharge v.允許……離開(kāi)；排(放)出。B.discount vt.打斷；漠視；認(rèn)為……不值得考慮。C.discard vt.＆vi.拋棄；放棄。D.discouragev.使泄氣；沮喪；阻攔。
30.The chemistry teacher dipped his finger into the mixture_______ and took it out of it.
A.indirectly B.directly C.dimly D.diplomatically
［答案與譯文］B.化學(xué)老師把一個(gè)指頭伸進(jìn)混合液里，立刻又拿了出來(lái)。
［辨析及搭配］A.indirectly間接地；拐彎抹角地。 B.directly立即；很快；直接地。C.dimly微暗地；朦朧地。D.diplomatically外交上；外交地。