英語中被動(dòng)句的翻譯方法
（1) 漢語中有 被/由/叫/挨/讓/給/受/遭 等詞時(shí),可譯成英語被動(dòng)句.
他常被派做這項(xiàng)工作. He is often sent to do this work.
你叫雨淋濕了. Have been wetted in the rain.
這孩子昨天挨來了一頓批評(píng). The boy was criticized yesterday.
我們的衣服給汗水濕透了. Our clothes were soaked with sweat.
東西受潮了. The things have been affected with damp.
他們?nèi)ツ暝饬藶?zāi). They were hit by a natural calamity last year.
(2) 不帶標(biāo)記的漢語被動(dòng)句
有些句子的主語不是動(dòng)詞的執(zhí)行者,而是動(dòng)作的承受者,結(jié)構(gòu)上是主動(dòng)的,但含義上確是被動(dòng)的,英譯時(shí)用被動(dòng)句處理.
歷史是人民創(chuàng)造的. History is made by the people.
這首歌是我一個(gè)朋友譜寫的. The song was composed by a friend of mine.
這個(gè)問題必須予以處理. This matter must be dealt with.
這座橋?qū)⒃诮衲昴甑捉ǔ?
The construction of the bridge will be completed by the end of this year.
(3) 漢語某些習(xí)語的譯法:
有些漢語習(xí)語,語態(tài)上是主動(dòng)的,但英譯時(shí)要用被動(dòng)語態(tài),特別是英語中以IT作形式主語的句式.
應(yīng)該說,基本情況是健康的. It should be said that the situation is basically sound.
據(jù)報(bào),敵人當(dāng)時(shí)離那里只有十里.It is reported that the enemy were ten li away.
很明顯,這計(jì)劃應(yīng)當(dāng)取消. It is obvious that the plan should be scrapped.
據(jù)謠傳,那場事故是由于玩忽職守而造成的. It is rumored that the accident was due to negligence.
據(jù)了解這地方有豐富的自然資源. It is known that the area is rich in natural resources.
有人認(rèn)為 It is considered that-- 普遍認(rèn)為 It is generally accepted that--
據(jù)信 It is believed that-- 眾所周知 It is well known that
據(jù)悉 It is learned that 據(jù)推測 It is supposed that--
據(jù)估計(jì) It is estimated that 必須指出 It must be pointed out that
可見 It will be seen that 不用說 It is understood that
無可否認(rèn) It cannot be denied that 已經(jīng)證明 It has been proved that
可以肯定 It may be confirmed that 可以有把握地說 It may be safely said that
人們有時(shí)會(huì)問 It is sometimes asked that 人們希望 It is expected that
據(jù)說 It is said that
據(jù)報(bào)道 It is reported that
（1) 漢語中有 被/由/叫/挨/讓/給/受/遭 等詞時(shí),可譯成英語被動(dòng)句.
他常被派做這項(xiàng)工作. He is often sent to do this work.
你叫雨淋濕了. Have been wetted in the rain.
這孩子昨天挨來了一頓批評(píng). The boy was criticized yesterday.
我們的衣服給汗水濕透了. Our clothes were soaked with sweat.
東西受潮了. The things have been affected with damp.
他們?nèi)ツ暝饬藶?zāi). They were hit by a natural calamity last year.
(2) 不帶標(biāo)記的漢語被動(dòng)句
有些句子的主語不是動(dòng)詞的執(zhí)行者,而是動(dòng)作的承受者,結(jié)構(gòu)上是主動(dòng)的,但含義上確是被動(dòng)的,英譯時(shí)用被動(dòng)句處理.
歷史是人民創(chuàng)造的. History is made by the people.
這首歌是我一個(gè)朋友譜寫的. The song was composed by a friend of mine.
這個(gè)問題必須予以處理. This matter must be dealt with.
這座橋?qū)⒃诮衲昴甑捉ǔ?
The construction of the bridge will be completed by the end of this year.
(3) 漢語某些習(xí)語的譯法:
有些漢語習(xí)語,語態(tài)上是主動(dòng)的,但英譯時(shí)要用被動(dòng)語態(tài),特別是英語中以IT作形式主語的句式.
應(yīng)該說,基本情況是健康的. It should be said that the situation is basically sound.
據(jù)報(bào),敵人當(dāng)時(shí)離那里只有十里.It is reported that the enemy were ten li away.
很明顯,這計(jì)劃應(yīng)當(dāng)取消. It is obvious that the plan should be scrapped.
據(jù)謠傳,那場事故是由于玩忽職守而造成的. It is rumored that the accident was due to negligence.
據(jù)了解這地方有豐富的自然資源. It is known that the area is rich in natural resources.
有人認(rèn)為 It is considered that-- 普遍認(rèn)為 It is generally accepted that--
據(jù)信 It is believed that-- 眾所周知 It is well known that
據(jù)悉 It is learned that 據(jù)推測 It is supposed that--
據(jù)估計(jì) It is estimated that 必須指出 It must be pointed out that
可見 It will be seen that 不用說 It is understood that
無可否認(rèn) It cannot be denied that 已經(jīng)證明 It has been proved that
可以肯定 It may be confirmed that 可以有把握地說 It may be safely said that
人們有時(shí)會(huì)問 It is sometimes asked that 人們希望 It is expected that
據(jù)說 It is said that
據(jù)報(bào)道 It is reported that