blind 的意思是“瞎的”,deaf的意思是“聾的”,lame的意思是“瘸的”,它們?cè)谟梅ㄉ嫌幸韵聨c(diǎn)值得注意:
一、主語(yǔ)問(wèn)題
這三詞習(xí)慣上都不能直接用相關(guān)的部位(如 eye, ear, foot 等)作主語(yǔ),而要以相應(yīng)的人或動(dòng)物作主語(yǔ)(其后通常接介詞 in)。如:
He is blind in both eyes. 他雙目失明。
He is deaf in one ear. 他一只耳朵聾了。
The horse is lame in the left foot. 這匹馬左腳是跛的。
有時(shí)用介詞 of,但較少見(jiàn):He is deaf of one ear.
注意不能說(shuō):His eyes are blind. / His ears are deaf. / His legs are lame.
二、如何表示變化
要表示“變瞎”“變聾”“變?nèi)场钡?,它們通常用連系動(dòng)詞 go, become 等連用。如:
The old man has gone blind (deaf, lame). 這位老人眼睛變瞎(耳朵變聾,腳變?nèi)?了。
三、與定冠詞連用
三者都可與定冠詞連用,表示“瞎子”“聾子”“瘸子”等一類(lèi)人。若用作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)通常用復(fù)數(shù)。如:
Now the blind have books to read. 現(xiàn)在盲人也有書(shū)讀。
He set up a school for the blind (the deaf, the lame). 他為盲人(耳聾者,腳瘸者)創(chuàng)辦了一所學(xué)校。
四、如何加強(qiáng)程度
要形容一個(gè)人很瞎,我們可以說(shuō) as blind as a bat;要形容一個(gè)人很聾,我們可以說(shuō)他 as deaf as a post [stone, door-post, door-nail]。當(dāng)有,有時(shí)也有其他一些副詞修飾,如very [stone] deaf 很聾。
五、引申義的用法
用于引申義時(shí),表示“對(duì)……視而不見(jiàn)或看不到”“對(duì)……不肯聽(tīng)或充耳不聞”等,其后一般用介詞 to。如:
He was blind to all arguments. 和他有理講不通。
He was deaf to all advice. 他聽(tīng)不進(jìn)任何勸告。
The boss sometimes turns a blind eye to smoking in the office. 老板有時(shí)對(duì)在辦公室抽煙視而不見(jiàn)。
She turned a deaf ear to our warnings and got lost. 她對(duì)我們的警告充耳不聞,結(jié)果迷了路
一、主語(yǔ)問(wèn)題
這三詞習(xí)慣上都不能直接用相關(guān)的部位(如 eye, ear, foot 等)作主語(yǔ),而要以相應(yīng)的人或動(dòng)物作主語(yǔ)(其后通常接介詞 in)。如:
He is blind in both eyes. 他雙目失明。
He is deaf in one ear. 他一只耳朵聾了。
The horse is lame in the left foot. 這匹馬左腳是跛的。
有時(shí)用介詞 of,但較少見(jiàn):He is deaf of one ear.
注意不能說(shuō):His eyes are blind. / His ears are deaf. / His legs are lame.
二、如何表示變化
要表示“變瞎”“變聾”“變?nèi)场钡?,它們通常用連系動(dòng)詞 go, become 等連用。如:
The old man has gone blind (deaf, lame). 這位老人眼睛變瞎(耳朵變聾,腳變?nèi)?了。
三、與定冠詞連用
三者都可與定冠詞連用,表示“瞎子”“聾子”“瘸子”等一類(lèi)人。若用作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)通常用復(fù)數(shù)。如:
Now the blind have books to read. 現(xiàn)在盲人也有書(shū)讀。
He set up a school for the blind (the deaf, the lame). 他為盲人(耳聾者,腳瘸者)創(chuàng)辦了一所學(xué)校。
四、如何加強(qiáng)程度
要形容一個(gè)人很瞎,我們可以說(shuō) as blind as a bat;要形容一個(gè)人很聾,我們可以說(shuō)他 as deaf as a post [stone, door-post, door-nail]。當(dāng)有,有時(shí)也有其他一些副詞修飾,如very [stone] deaf 很聾。
五、引申義的用法
用于引申義時(shí),表示“對(duì)……視而不見(jiàn)或看不到”“對(duì)……不肯聽(tīng)或充耳不聞”等,其后一般用介詞 to。如:
He was blind to all arguments. 和他有理講不通。
He was deaf to all advice. 他聽(tīng)不進(jìn)任何勸告。
The boss sometimes turns a blind eye to smoking in the office. 老板有時(shí)對(duì)在辦公室抽煙視而不見(jiàn)。
She turned a deaf ear to our warnings and got lost. 她對(duì)我們的警告充耳不聞,結(jié)果迷了路