The more influential tradition of mental testing was developed by Binet and his collaborator， Theodore Simon，in France．In l 904 the minister of public instruction in Paris named a commission to studv or create tests that would insure that mentally retarded children received an adequate education． The minister was also concerned that certain children were being placed in classes for the retarded not because they were retarded but because they had behaviour problems，and teachers did not want them in their classrooms．Even before Wissler’s research，Binet，who was charged with developing the new test， had flatly rej ected the Galtonian tradition，believing that Galton’s tests measured fairly—triv—ial abilities． He proposed instead that tests of intelligence should measure skills such as j udgment，comprehension， and reasonin9——the same kinds of skills measured on most intelligence tests today．Binet’s early test was taken to the United States by a Stanford University psychologist，Lewis Terman，whose version came to be called the Stanford-Binet test．This test has been revised frequently and continues in use．
The Stanford-Binet test，and others like it，have traditionally yielded at the very least an overall score referred to as an intelligence quotient，or IQ．Some tests，such as the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale(Revised)and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children(Revised)yield an overall IQ as well as separate IQs for verbal and perfofinance subtests．An example of a verbal subtest would be vocabulary， whereas an example of a performance subtest would be picture arrangement，the latter requiring an examinee to arrange a set of pictures into a sequence SO that they tell a comprehensible story．④
IQ was originally computed as the ratio of mental age tO chronological(physical)age，multiplied by100．Thus，if a child of lo had a mental age of l2(that is，performed on the test at the level of an average l2一year-old)，the child was assigned an IQ of(12／10)100，or l20．If the lO-year-old had a mental age of eight，the child’S IQ would be(8／10)i00，or 80．A score of l00，where the mental age equals the chronological age，is average．
As discussed above，the concept of mental age has fallen into disrepute，and few tests continue tO involve the computation of mental ages．Many tests still yield an IQ，but they are most often computed on the basis of statistical distributions．The scores are assigned on the basis of what percentage of people of a given group would be expedted tO have a certain to．[419 words]
1．Binet’S test was designed______．
A．to measure IQ
B．to take the place of Galton’S tests
C．tO create a model for modern intelligence tests
D．tO guarantee an equal education tO all children
2．The underlined word“trivial”in the first paragraph most probably means______．
A．fundamental
B．principal
C．petty
D．worthwhile
3．According tO this passage，IQ______．
A．has been OUt of date
B．will soon be replaced by statistical distribution tests
C．iS usually calculated in terms of statistical distributions
D．refers tO the ratio of mental age to physical age，multiplied by 100
4．It iS TRUE that______．
A．the Galton’S tests were the basis of the Binet test
B．vocabulary skill is usually considered one of trivial abilities
C．the Stanfor小Binet test was less traditional than the Binet test
D．the Stanford-Binet test was developed Oll the basis of the Binet test
5．The proper title for this passage should be______．
A．The IQ Test
B．Binet’S Test
C．The Standford—Binet Test
D．The Tradition of Mental Testing
The Stanford-Binet test，and others like it，have traditionally yielded at the very least an overall score referred to as an intelligence quotient，or IQ．Some tests，such as the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale(Revised)and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children(Revised)yield an overall IQ as well as separate IQs for verbal and perfofinance subtests．An example of a verbal subtest would be vocabulary， whereas an example of a performance subtest would be picture arrangement，the latter requiring an examinee to arrange a set of pictures into a sequence SO that they tell a comprehensible story．④
IQ was originally computed as the ratio of mental age tO chronological(physical)age，multiplied by100．Thus，if a child of lo had a mental age of l2(that is，performed on the test at the level of an average l2一year-old)，the child was assigned an IQ of(12／10)100，or l20．If the lO-year-old had a mental age of eight，the child’S IQ would be(8／10)i00，or 80．A score of l00，where the mental age equals the chronological age，is average．
As discussed above，the concept of mental age has fallen into disrepute，and few tests continue tO involve the computation of mental ages．Many tests still yield an IQ，but they are most often computed on the basis of statistical distributions．The scores are assigned on the basis of what percentage of people of a given group would be expedted tO have a certain to．[419 words]
1．Binet’S test was designed______．
A．to measure IQ
B．to take the place of Galton’S tests
C．tO create a model for modern intelligence tests
D．tO guarantee an equal education tO all children
2．The underlined word“trivial”in the first paragraph most probably means______．
A．fundamental
B．principal
C．petty
D．worthwhile
3．According tO this passage，IQ______．
A．has been OUt of date
B．will soon be replaced by statistical distribution tests
C．iS usually calculated in terms of statistical distributions
D．refers tO the ratio of mental age to physical age，multiplied by 100
4．It iS TRUE that______．
A．the Galton’S tests were the basis of the Binet test
B．vocabulary skill is usually considered one of trivial abilities
C．the Stanfor小Binet test was less traditional than the Binet test
D．the Stanford-Binet test was developed Oll the basis of the Binet test
5．The proper title for this passage should be______．
A．The IQ Test
B．Binet’S Test
C．The Standford—Binet Test
D．The Tradition of Mental Testing