The Tiniest Electric Motor in the World
1．Scientists recently made public the tiniest electric motor ever built．You could stuff hundreds of them into the period at the end of this sentence．one day a similar engine might，power a tm’y mechanical doctor that，would travel through your body to remove your disease．
2．The motor works by shuffling atoms between two molten metal droplets in a carbon nanotube．One droplet is eyen smaller than the other．When a small electric current is applied to the droplets，atoms slowly get out of the．larger droplet and join the smaller one．The small droplet grows—but never gets as big as the other droplet—and eventually bumps into the large droplet．As they touch，the large droplet rapidly sops up the atoms it had previously lost．This quick shift in energy produces a power stroke．
3．The technique exploits the fact that surface tension—the tendency of atoms or molecules to resist separating-becomes more important at small scales．Surface tension is the same thing that allows some insects to walk on water．
4．Although the amount of energy produced is small一20 microwatts—it is quite impressive in relation to the tiny scale of the motor．The whole setup is less than 200 nanometers off a side，or hundreds of times smaller than the width of a human hair．If it could be scaled up to the size of an automobile engine，it would be l00 million times more powerful than a Toyota Camry’s 225 horsepower V6 engine．
5．In l988，Professor Richard Muller and colleagues made the first operating micromotor，which was 100 microns across，or about the thickness of a human hair．In 2003，Zettl’s group created the first nanoscale motor．In 2006，they built a nanoeonveyor，which moves tiny particles along like cars in a factor．v．
6．Nanoteehnology engineers try to mimic nature．building things atom—by—atom．Among other things，nanomotors could be used in optical circuits to redirect light，a process called optical switchin9．Futurists envision a day when nanomachines，powered by nanomotors，travel inside yur body to find disease and reFair damaged cells．
詞匯：http://ks.examda.com
shuffle v．來(lái)回運(yùn)動(dòng) nanometer n．納米，毫微米
molten adj．熔化的micromotor n．微電機(jī)
droplet n．小滴 nanotube n．納米管
Nanoconveyor n．納米傳送帶nanotechnology n．納米技術(shù)
bump v．碰撞mimic v．模仿
sop v．吸入su’oke n．行程，沖程
microwatt n．微瓦nanomotor n．納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)
nanomachine n．納米機(jī)器
注釋：
1．Power stroke：動(dòng)力行程
2．a(chǎn)t Small scales：在小等級(jí)上．這里指的是“在納米等級(jí)上”．
3．it is quite impressive in relation to the tiny scale of the motor：與電動(dòng)機(jī)的小等級(jí)相比，功率是相當(dāng)可觀了．In relation to是“與……相比”．如：
The city is quite large in relation to its population．(就人口而言，這個(gè)城市相當(dāng)?shù)拇螅?
4．Setup：裝置．這里指nanomotor．
5．Ifit could be scaled up to the size of an automobile engine：如果納米電動(dòng)機(jī)能按比例放大到汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的尺寸．
scale…up to是“把……按比例放大到……”．
練習(xí)：
1．Paragraph 2_____
2．Paragraph 4_____
3．Paragraph 5_____
4．Paragraph 6_____
A．An introduction of a Toyota’s 225 horsepower V6 engine．
B．A description of the nanomotor in terms of power and size．
C．Surface tension．
D．Previous inventions of nanoscale products．
E．The working principle of the nanomotor．
F．Possible fields of aplication in the future．
5．Doctors envision that the nanomotor would travel through human bodies to_____．
6．Surface tension means the tendency of atoms or molecules to_____．
7．Nanoconveyors could be used．to_____．
8．Applying a small electric current causes atoms to_____．
A．remove disease
B．resist separating
C．shuffle between two molten metal droplets
D．power nanomachines
E．Sop up molecules from the large droplet
F．transport nanoscale objects
1．E．段落中有明顯的段落主題詞droplet(小滴)(該詞貫穿全段出現(xiàn))，但是小標(biāo)題被選項(xiàng)中沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)該題，因此推測(cè)該主題詞可能被隱含中段落小標(biāo)題中，接下來(lái)對(duì)該段落采取“z字閱讀法”，段首句說(shuō)“該發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)(指代前段中提到的納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī))通過(guò)納米管中在兩滴金屬溶液之間來(lái)回運(yùn)動(dòng)的原子產(chǎn)生運(yùn)動(dòng)”，段落中間的句子具體對(duì)這兩滴金屬溶液進(jìn)行介紹，段落結(jié)尾句說(shuō)“這種能量的快速移動(dòng)產(chǎn)生動(dòng)力行程”，由此看出該段是在具體介紹納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的工作原理．
2．B．段落中出現(xiàn)了大量代表典型細(xì)節(jié)信息的詞語(yǔ)：20 microwatts(微瓦)，200 nanometers(納米)，100 rail．lion times，225 horsepower(馬力)，這些細(xì)節(jié)信息貫穿全段，從性質(zhì)上分別用于描述功率和體積，因此可直接判斷B(描述了納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的功率和體積)是答案．
3．D．段落中出現(xiàn)了貫穿全段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：In l988，In 2003，In 2006，由此判斷很可能該段是在介紹某樣?xùn)|西(很可能與納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)相關(guān))的發(fā)展歷史，因此D(發(fā)明納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)之前的一些納米等級(jí)的產(chǎn)品)是答案．其實(shí)段落中介紹了如體積大一些的納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，微型發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，納米傳送帶，納米機(jī)器等．
4．F．采用“2字型段落閱讀法”：段落段首句說(shuō)“納米技術(shù)工師試圖...”，段尾句說(shuō)“預(yù)想家們預(yù)想有一天．．．”，段落主題詞為“納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)”，由此可見(jiàn)該段是在預(yù)想納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的用途，因此F(在未來(lái)的可能用途)是答案．
5．A．題干出現(xiàn)doctors envision，選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容應(yīng)與醫(yī)學(xué)有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)A是remove disease，正好與題干的內(nèi)容相配，是答案．短文第一段和最后一段也提到納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)入人體消滅病灶的可能性，證明了選A是正確的．
6．B．選B的依據(jù)是第三段第一句“surface tension-the tendency of atoms or molecules to resist separating—becomes more important at small scales”．
7．F．題干的：nanoconveyor提示我們，納米傳送帶的功能自然是傳送納米等級(jí)的物體，所以，F(xiàn)是答案．
8．C．題干的Applying a small electric current…在第二段能找到，該段講的是納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的工作原理．如果了解原子在兩小滴金屬熔液中來(lái)回運(yùn)動(dòng)，產(chǎn)生動(dòng)力，就會(huì)知道C是答案
1．Scientists recently made public the tiniest electric motor ever built．You could stuff hundreds of them into the period at the end of this sentence．one day a similar engine might，power a tm’y mechanical doctor that，would travel through your body to remove your disease．
2．The motor works by shuffling atoms between two molten metal droplets in a carbon nanotube．One droplet is eyen smaller than the other．When a small electric current is applied to the droplets，atoms slowly get out of the．larger droplet and join the smaller one．The small droplet grows—but never gets as big as the other droplet—and eventually bumps into the large droplet．As they touch，the large droplet rapidly sops up the atoms it had previously lost．This quick shift in energy produces a power stroke．
3．The technique exploits the fact that surface tension—the tendency of atoms or molecules to resist separating-becomes more important at small scales．Surface tension is the same thing that allows some insects to walk on water．
4．Although the amount of energy produced is small一20 microwatts—it is quite impressive in relation to the tiny scale of the motor．The whole setup is less than 200 nanometers off a side，or hundreds of times smaller than the width of a human hair．If it could be scaled up to the size of an automobile engine，it would be l00 million times more powerful than a Toyota Camry’s 225 horsepower V6 engine．
5．In l988，Professor Richard Muller and colleagues made the first operating micromotor，which was 100 microns across，or about the thickness of a human hair．In 2003，Zettl’s group created the first nanoscale motor．In 2006，they built a nanoeonveyor，which moves tiny particles along like cars in a factor．v．
6．Nanoteehnology engineers try to mimic nature．building things atom—by—atom．Among other things，nanomotors could be used in optical circuits to redirect light，a process called optical switchin9．Futurists envision a day when nanomachines，powered by nanomotors，travel inside yur body to find disease and reFair damaged cells．
詞匯：http://ks.examda.com
shuffle v．來(lái)回運(yùn)動(dòng) nanometer n．納米，毫微米
molten adj．熔化的micromotor n．微電機(jī)
droplet n．小滴 nanotube n．納米管
Nanoconveyor n．納米傳送帶nanotechnology n．納米技術(shù)
bump v．碰撞mimic v．模仿
sop v．吸入su’oke n．行程，沖程
microwatt n．微瓦nanomotor n．納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)
nanomachine n．納米機(jī)器
注釋：
1．Power stroke：動(dòng)力行程
2．a(chǎn)t Small scales：在小等級(jí)上．這里指的是“在納米等級(jí)上”．
3．it is quite impressive in relation to the tiny scale of the motor：與電動(dòng)機(jī)的小等級(jí)相比，功率是相當(dāng)可觀了．In relation to是“與……相比”．如：
The city is quite large in relation to its population．(就人口而言，這個(gè)城市相當(dāng)?shù)拇螅?
4．Setup：裝置．這里指nanomotor．
5．Ifit could be scaled up to the size of an automobile engine：如果納米電動(dòng)機(jī)能按比例放大到汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的尺寸．
scale…up to是“把……按比例放大到……”．
練習(xí)：
1．Paragraph 2_____
2．Paragraph 4_____
3．Paragraph 5_____
4．Paragraph 6_____
A．An introduction of a Toyota’s 225 horsepower V6 engine．
B．A description of the nanomotor in terms of power and size．
C．Surface tension．
D．Previous inventions of nanoscale products．
E．The working principle of the nanomotor．
F．Possible fields of aplication in the future．
5．Doctors envision that the nanomotor would travel through human bodies to_____．
6．Surface tension means the tendency of atoms or molecules to_____．
7．Nanoconveyors could be used．to_____．
8．Applying a small electric current causes atoms to_____．
A．remove disease
B．resist separating
C．shuffle between two molten metal droplets
D．power nanomachines
E．Sop up molecules from the large droplet
F．transport nanoscale objects
1．E．段落中有明顯的段落主題詞droplet(小滴)(該詞貫穿全段出現(xiàn))，但是小標(biāo)題被選項(xiàng)中沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)該題，因此推測(cè)該主題詞可能被隱含中段落小標(biāo)題中，接下來(lái)對(duì)該段落采取“z字閱讀法”，段首句說(shuō)“該發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)(指代前段中提到的納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī))通過(guò)納米管中在兩滴金屬溶液之間來(lái)回運(yùn)動(dòng)的原子產(chǎn)生運(yùn)動(dòng)”，段落中間的句子具體對(duì)這兩滴金屬溶液進(jìn)行介紹，段落結(jié)尾句說(shuō)“這種能量的快速移動(dòng)產(chǎn)生動(dòng)力行程”，由此看出該段是在具體介紹納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的工作原理．
2．B．段落中出現(xiàn)了大量代表典型細(xì)節(jié)信息的詞語(yǔ)：20 microwatts(微瓦)，200 nanometers(納米)，100 rail．lion times，225 horsepower(馬力)，這些細(xì)節(jié)信息貫穿全段，從性質(zhì)上分別用于描述功率和體積，因此可直接判斷B(描述了納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的功率和體積)是答案．
3．D．段落中出現(xiàn)了貫穿全段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：In l988，In 2003，In 2006，由此判斷很可能該段是在介紹某樣?xùn)|西(很可能與納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)相關(guān))的發(fā)展歷史，因此D(發(fā)明納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)之前的一些納米等級(jí)的產(chǎn)品)是答案．其實(shí)段落中介紹了如體積大一些的納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，微型發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，納米傳送帶，納米機(jī)器等．
4．F．采用“2字型段落閱讀法”：段落段首句說(shuō)“納米技術(shù)工師試圖...”，段尾句說(shuō)“預(yù)想家們預(yù)想有一天．．．”，段落主題詞為“納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)”，由此可見(jiàn)該段是在預(yù)想納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的用途，因此F(在未來(lái)的可能用途)是答案．
5．A．題干出現(xiàn)doctors envision，選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容應(yīng)與醫(yī)學(xué)有關(guān)，選項(xiàng)A是remove disease，正好與題干的內(nèi)容相配，是答案．短文第一段和最后一段也提到納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)入人體消滅病灶的可能性，證明了選A是正確的．
6．B．選B的依據(jù)是第三段第一句“surface tension-the tendency of atoms or molecules to resist separating—becomes more important at small scales”．
7．F．題干的：nanoconveyor提示我們，納米傳送帶的功能自然是傳送納米等級(jí)的物體，所以，F(xiàn)是答案．
8．C．題干的Applying a small electric current…在第二段能找到，該段講的是納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的工作原理．如果了解原子在兩小滴金屬熔液中來(lái)回運(yùn)動(dòng)，產(chǎn)生動(dòng)力，就會(huì)知道C是答案