Ⅲ．是否具備快速閱讀的能力與技巧
在下面的這道完形填空例題中，考查的是考生是否理解材料的背景，是否掌握了快速閱讀理解的能力與技巧。
People of Burlington are being disturbed by the sound of bells．Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the 1 and have made up their minds to 2 the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest(*)against heavy trucks which run 3 through the narrow High Street.
“They not only make it 4 to sleep at night，but they are 5 damage to our houses and shops of historical 6 .”said John Norris，one of the protesters．
“ 7 we must have these noisy trucks on the roads，”said Jean Lacey，a biology student，“Why didn’t they build a new road that goes 8 the town? ”Burlington isn’t much more than a 9 village．Its streets were never 10 for heavy traffic．
Harry Fields also studying 11 said they wanted to make as much 12 as possible to force the 13 to realize what everybody was having to 14 "Most of them don’t 15 here anyway," he said, "They come in for meetings and the Town Hall is soundproof ( 隔音的 ), 16 they probably don’ t 17 the noise all that much. It’s high time they realized the 18 "
The fourth student, Lisa Vernum, said she thought the public was 19 on their side, and even if they weren’t they soon would be.
20 asked if they were 21 that the police might come to 22 them.
"Not really," she said. "Actually we are 23 bell-ringers. I mean we are assistant bell-ringers for the church. There is no 24 against practicing: "
I 25 the church with the sound of the bells ringing in my ears.
1. [ A ] college [ B ] village [ C ] town [ D ] church
2. [ A ] change [ B ] repair [ C ] ring [ D ] shake
3. [ A ] now and then [ B ] day and night [ C ] up and down [ D ] over and over
4. [ A ] terrible [ B ] difficult [ C ] uncomfortable [ D ] unpleasant
5. [ A ] doing [ B ] raising [ C ] putting [ D ] producing
6. [ A ] scene [ B ] period [ C ] interest [ D ] sense
7. [ A ] If [ B ] Although [ C ] When [ D ] Unless
8. [ A ] to [ B ] through [ C ] over [ D] round
9. [ A ] pretty [ B ] quiet [ C ] large [ D ] modern
10. [ A ] tested [ B ] meant [ C ] kept [ D ] used
11. [ A ] well [ B ] hard [ C ] biology [ D ] education
12. [ A ] effort [ B ] time [ C ] trouble [ D ] noise
13. [ A ] townspeople [ B ] other students
[ C ] government officials [ D ] truck drivers
14. [ A ] stand [ B ] accept [ C ] know [ D ] share
15. [ A ] shop [ B ] live [ C ] come [ D ] study
16. [A ] but [ B ] so [ C ] or [ D ] for
17. [ A ] notice [ B ] mention [ C ] fear [ D ] control
18. [ A ] event [ B ] loss [ C ] action [ D ] problem
19. [ A ] hardly [ B ] unwillingly [ C ] mostly [ D ] usually
20. [ A ] I [ B ] We [ C ] She [ D ]They
21. [ A ] surprised [ B ] afraid [ C ] pleased [ D ] determined
22. [ A ] seize [ B ] fight [ C ] search [ D ] stop
23. [ A ] proper [ B ] experienced [ C ] hopeful [ D ] serious
24. [ A ] point [ B ] cause [ C ] need [ D ] law
25. [ A ] left [ B ] found [ C ] reached [ D ] passed
在做完形填空題時(shí)，首先應(yīng)通讀全文，了解本文大致意思――幾個(gè)大學(xué)生*所住的村鎮(zhèn)上往來(lái)的卡車所制造的噪聲，兩個(gè)星期不停地敲鐘以引起政府的關(guān)注。了解大意之后，根據(jù)上下文、詞匯知識(shí)、背景知識(shí)選詞。下面舉幾個(gè)具體例子說(shuō)明選詞技巧。
(1)通讀全文。如果只讀文章第一段，考生可能會(huì)選[A]，因?yàn)樵挠小癋our students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the…”很容易讓人認(rèn)為鐘樓在學(xué)校里。如果再讀到第三段，可能會(huì)選[B]，因?yàn)樽x到這里，知道Burlington是一個(gè)村子(village)。但只有讀到短文最后，通過(guò)第四個(gè)學(xué)生之口，才知道鐘是指村子教堂里的鐘_____“we ale assistant bell-ringers for the church”。因此直到最后，才能做出正確判斷_____即正確答案是[D]church。
(2)固定詞組與上下文意思。完形填空大多會(huì)考查固定詞組的使用。當(dāng)給出的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是實(shí)際存在的固定詞組時(shí)，就要根據(jù)文章意思來(lái)判斷選詞。本題中，給出了4個(gè)選項(xiàng)：now and then(時(shí)而，偶爾)，day and night(日日夜夜)，up and down(來(lái)來(lái)NN)，over and over(反復(fù)地)。從文章第一段可以看出，卡車經(jīng)過(guò)Burlington不會(huì)只是“偶爾”，而是“一天到晚地”經(jīng)過(guò)村鎮(zhèn)，故選[B]。
(3)詞語(yǔ)搭配。有時(shí)給出的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)從意思上都說(shuō)得通，這時(shí)就需要看考生對(duì)詞語(yǔ)搭配掌握的如何了。如果不了解哪些詞和damage搭配的意為“造成破壞，損害”，那么4個(gè)詞似乎都對(duì)，無(wú)從判斷。只有熟練掌握 damage做名詞時(shí)和cause，do，inflict搭配意為“損害，迫害”，才可以馬上做出正確判斷，選擇[A]doing。
(4)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。選項(xiàng)有時(shí)給出某一個(gè)動(dòng)詞與4個(gè)介詞搭配而成的短語(yǔ)，這就要求熟悉這些短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞各自的含義，以便做出正確的判斷。本例中，根據(jù)上下文，學(xué)生們建議如果卡車非走不可，就應(yīng)建一條新路。應(yīng)該能由此判斷出卡車走新路就不用穿過(guò)村子而擾民了，因此只需在4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中尋找與g0搭配意為“繞道”的介詞即可。4個(gè)詞組分別是：go to(去)，go through(穿過(guò)，通過(guò))，go over(渡過(guò)，檢查)，go round(繞過(guò))，故選[D]。
(5)常識(shí)應(yīng)用與上下文語(yǔ)境。常有這種情況，給出的選項(xiàng)從語(yǔ)法、用法、上下文及詞語(yǔ)搭配來(lái)判斷都無(wú)法確定正確答案，這時(shí)就要?jiǎng)幽X筋，用自己對(duì)文章的理解和對(duì)相關(guān)背景知識(shí)的掌握來(lái)選詞。本例中，給出的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別是：townspeople(鎮(zhèn)上的居民)，other students(其他學(xué)生)，government officials(政府官員)，truck drivers(卡車司機(jī))。受噪聲困擾的是居民與學(xué)生，卡車司機(jī)的工作是開車，所以如何避免卡車噪聲擾民只能是政府官員的職責(zé)。結(jié)合下文“they come in for meeting and the Town Hall…”，Town Hall是市政府辦公之處，故這里they指的是government officials，所以選[C]。
在下面的這道完形填空例題中，考查的是考生是否理解材料的背景，是否掌握了快速閱讀理解的能力與技巧。
People of Burlington are being disturbed by the sound of bells．Four students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the 1 and have made up their minds to 2 the bells nonstop for two weeks as a protest(*)against heavy trucks which run 3 through the narrow High Street.
“They not only make it 4 to sleep at night，but they are 5 damage to our houses and shops of historical 6 .”said John Norris，one of the protesters．
“ 7 we must have these noisy trucks on the roads，”said Jean Lacey，a biology student，“Why didn’t they build a new road that goes 8 the town? ”Burlington isn’t much more than a 9 village．Its streets were never 10 for heavy traffic．
Harry Fields also studying 11 said they wanted to make as much 12 as possible to force the 13 to realize what everybody was having to 14 "Most of them don’t 15 here anyway," he said, "They come in for meetings and the Town Hall is soundproof ( 隔音的 ), 16 they probably don’ t 17 the noise all that much. It’s high time they realized the 18 "
The fourth student, Lisa Vernum, said she thought the public was 19 on their side, and even if they weren’t they soon would be.
20 asked if they were 21 that the police might come to 22 them.
"Not really," she said. "Actually we are 23 bell-ringers. I mean we are assistant bell-ringers for the church. There is no 24 against practicing: "
I 25 the church with the sound of the bells ringing in my ears.
1. [ A ] college [ B ] village [ C ] town [ D ] church
2. [ A ] change [ B ] repair [ C ] ring [ D ] shake
3. [ A ] now and then [ B ] day and night [ C ] up and down [ D ] over and over
4. [ A ] terrible [ B ] difficult [ C ] uncomfortable [ D ] unpleasant
5. [ A ] doing [ B ] raising [ C ] putting [ D ] producing
6. [ A ] scene [ B ] period [ C ] interest [ D ] sense
7. [ A ] If [ B ] Although [ C ] When [ D ] Unless
8. [ A ] to [ B ] through [ C ] over [ D] round
9. [ A ] pretty [ B ] quiet [ C ] large [ D ] modern
10. [ A ] tested [ B ] meant [ C ] kept [ D ] used
11. [ A ] well [ B ] hard [ C ] biology [ D ] education
12. [ A ] effort [ B ] time [ C ] trouble [ D ] noise
13. [ A ] townspeople [ B ] other students
[ C ] government officials [ D ] truck drivers
14. [ A ] stand [ B ] accept [ C ] know [ D ] share
15. [ A ] shop [ B ] live [ C ] come [ D ] study
16. [A ] but [ B ] so [ C ] or [ D ] for
17. [ A ] notice [ B ] mention [ C ] fear [ D ] control
18. [ A ] event [ B ] loss [ C ] action [ D ] problem
19. [ A ] hardly [ B ] unwillingly [ C ] mostly [ D ] usually
20. [ A ] I [ B ] We [ C ] She [ D ]They
21. [ A ] surprised [ B ] afraid [ C ] pleased [ D ] determined
22. [ A ] seize [ B ] fight [ C ] search [ D ] stop
23. [ A ] proper [ B ] experienced [ C ] hopeful [ D ] serious
24. [ A ] point [ B ] cause [ C ] need [ D ] law
25. [ A ] left [ B ] found [ C ] reached [ D ] passed
在做完形填空題時(shí)，首先應(yīng)通讀全文，了解本文大致意思――幾個(gè)大學(xué)生*所住的村鎮(zhèn)上往來(lái)的卡車所制造的噪聲，兩個(gè)星期不停地敲鐘以引起政府的關(guān)注。了解大意之后，根據(jù)上下文、詞匯知識(shí)、背景知識(shí)選詞。下面舉幾個(gè)具體例子說(shuō)明選詞技巧。
(1)通讀全文。如果只讀文章第一段，考生可能會(huì)選[A]，因?yàn)樵挠小癋our students from Burlington College of Higher Education are in the bell tower of the…”很容易讓人認(rèn)為鐘樓在學(xué)校里。如果再讀到第三段，可能會(huì)選[B]，因?yàn)樽x到這里，知道Burlington是一個(gè)村子(village)。但只有讀到短文最后，通過(guò)第四個(gè)學(xué)生之口，才知道鐘是指村子教堂里的鐘_____“we ale assistant bell-ringers for the church”。因此直到最后，才能做出正確判斷_____即正確答案是[D]church。
(2)固定詞組與上下文意思。完形填空大多會(huì)考查固定詞組的使用。當(dāng)給出的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是實(shí)際存在的固定詞組時(shí)，就要根據(jù)文章意思來(lái)判斷選詞。本題中，給出了4個(gè)選項(xiàng)：now and then(時(shí)而，偶爾)，day and night(日日夜夜)，up and down(來(lái)來(lái)NN)，over and over(反復(fù)地)。從文章第一段可以看出，卡車經(jīng)過(guò)Burlington不會(huì)只是“偶爾”，而是“一天到晚地”經(jīng)過(guò)村鎮(zhèn)，故選[B]。
(3)詞語(yǔ)搭配。有時(shí)給出的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)從意思上都說(shuō)得通，這時(shí)就需要看考生對(duì)詞語(yǔ)搭配掌握的如何了。如果不了解哪些詞和damage搭配的意為“造成破壞，損害”，那么4個(gè)詞似乎都對(duì)，無(wú)從判斷。只有熟練掌握 damage做名詞時(shí)和cause，do，inflict搭配意為“損害，迫害”，才可以馬上做出正確判斷，選擇[A]doing。
(4)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。選項(xiàng)有時(shí)給出某一個(gè)動(dòng)詞與4個(gè)介詞搭配而成的短語(yǔ)，這就要求熟悉這些短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞各自的含義，以便做出正確的判斷。本例中，根據(jù)上下文，學(xué)生們建議如果卡車非走不可，就應(yīng)建一條新路。應(yīng)該能由此判斷出卡車走新路就不用穿過(guò)村子而擾民了，因此只需在4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中尋找與g0搭配意為“繞道”的介詞即可。4個(gè)詞組分別是：go to(去)，go through(穿過(guò)，通過(guò))，go over(渡過(guò)，檢查)，go round(繞過(guò))，故選[D]。
(5)常識(shí)應(yīng)用與上下文語(yǔ)境。常有這種情況，給出的選項(xiàng)從語(yǔ)法、用法、上下文及詞語(yǔ)搭配來(lái)判斷都無(wú)法確定正確答案，這時(shí)就要?jiǎng)幽X筋，用自己對(duì)文章的理解和對(duì)相關(guān)背景知識(shí)的掌握來(lái)選詞。本例中，給出的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別是：townspeople(鎮(zhèn)上的居民)，other students(其他學(xué)生)，government officials(政府官員)，truck drivers(卡車司機(jī))。受噪聲困擾的是居民與學(xué)生，卡車司機(jī)的工作是開車，所以如何避免卡車噪聲擾民只能是政府官員的職責(zé)。結(jié)合下文“they come in for meeting and the Town Hall…”，Town Hall是市政府辦公之處，故這里they指的是government officials，所以選[C]。