重點(diǎn)解析:淺談as的用法

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在中學(xué)英語課本中, as 多次出現(xiàn)。它的含義較多,且用法靈活?,F(xiàn)將其用法分析歸納如下:
    1. as 作為副詞,常與連詞 as 連用,意為“和……一樣”。例如: as easy as ABC (非常容易), as cool as cucumber (沉著的), as stubborn as a mule (非常頑強(qiáng)的,倔強(qiáng)的), as clear as crystal (非常透明的), as poor as a church mouse (非常貧困的), as busy as a bee (非常繁忙的)。在這些短語中,第一個 as 是副詞,第二個 as 是連。在否定句中,作副詞用的 as 可以用 so 代替。例如:
    It's not so easy as I thought. (這不像我想的那么容易。)
    2. as 作為連詞,其意義和用法主要有:
    ( 1 )意為“當(dāng)……之時”,引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,在意思上相當(dāng)于 when 和 while 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。例如:
    As he grew up, he became silent. (他長大以后,變得沉默寡言。)
    ( 2 ) 意為“既然,因?yàn)椤?,引?dǎo)原因狀語從句,不過它引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句時所表示的原因不如 because 引導(dǎo)的從句所表示的原因那么直接和強(qiáng)烈。試比較:
    As he wasn't ready, we went without him. (既然他沒有準(zhǔn)備好,我們就自己去了。)
    Because he was ill, he couldn't go to school. (因?yàn)樗×耍圆荒苋ド蠈W(xué)。)(原因狀語從句表示“不能去上學(xué)”的直接原因)
    ( 3 ) 意為“雖然,盡管”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,在意思上相當(dāng)于 although 引導(dǎo)的從句。 as 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時,常以下列句式出現(xiàn):名詞 / 副詞 / 動詞 (原形) / 形容詞 +as+ 主語 + 其他成分。例如:
    Child as he is ( =Although he is a child ) , he can speak English. (盡管他是個孩子,他卻能講英語。)
    Young as you are ( =Although you are young ) , you can do it very well. (雖然你年輕,但你卻能做得很好。)
    Much as I like it , I'll not buy it. (雖然我很喜歡它,我也不會買。)
    Try as he may, he has little hope to win. (盡管他會盡力,但取勝的希望卻很小。)
    ( 4 ) 意為“如,像”,引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。例如:
    You must do as I tell you . (你必須按照我告訴你的那樣去做。)
    ( 5 ) 意為“作為……(某種身份),當(dāng)做,視為”。例如:
    As a student, you must obey the rules. (作為學(xué)生,你必須遵守紀(jì)律。 )
    3. as 作介詞,意為“如同,作為”。例如:
    Unite as one man. (團(tuán)結(jié)得像一個人。)
    as 還可以用于 regard , view , treat , acknowledge 及類似意義的動詞之后,構(gòu)成固定搭配。例如:
    Most of us regard him as a kind man. (我們大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為他是個好心人。)
    We treat them as our friends. (我們把他們當(dāng)作朋友。)
    4. as 用作關(guān)系代詞,引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,并在從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語或表語等,有“正如……”或“據(jù)……”的意思;它所引導(dǎo)的從句位置較靈活,可以位于句首、句中或句末。例如:
    As we know from his accent, he is from Shanghai. (正如我們從他的口音中所知道的,他來自上海。)(從句位于句首)
    Mary, as we had expected, passed the exam. (正如我們所預(yù)料到的,瑪麗通過了考試。)(從句位于句中)
    as 還可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句。若先行詞被 the same , such 修飾,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用 as .例如:
    This is such an interesting book as everybody likes to read. (這是一本有趣的、每個人都喜歡看的書。)( as 在從句中作賓語)
    This is such a good book as will help you in your study. (這是一本對你學(xué)習(xí)有幫助的好書。)( as 在從句中作主語)
    He is not such a kind boy as he looks. (他看上去地個善良的男孩,實(shí)際上卻不是。)( as 在從句中作表語)
    You must show my wife the same respect as you show me. (你必須尊重我的妻子,就像尊重我一樣。)( as 在從句中作賓語)
    需要注意 as 引導(dǎo)定語從句時與 so/such……that 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句的區(qū)別。試比較:
    This is such an interesting book as everybody likes to read. ( as 引導(dǎo)定語從句,代替先行詞 book ,在從句中作賓語)
    This is such an interesting book the everybody likes to read it . ( that 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,因?yàn)閺木渲?read 后面有代詞 it 作賓語。)
    以上介紹了 as 的一些用法,下面請做鞏固性練習(xí):
    1. is well known, the earth is round.
    A. It B. As C. These D. That
    2. is well known that the earth is round.
    A. That B. It C. As D. There
    3. He is handsome a boy that all of us like him.
    A. so B. such C. as D. who
    4. He is such a handsome boy all of us like.
    A. so B. such C. whom D. as
    5. Boy he was, he could write a novel.
    A. as B. since C. because D. who
    Key: 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. A