虛詞類題典及解題方法 介詞

字號(hào):

2. 介詞搭配(或介詞短語(yǔ))考點(diǎn)
     「復(fù)習(xí)題典」☆For the global businessman, food taste will be an important part of career mastery[注意搭配]。 Being successful in South America or the Far East means having insight (1) another culture, and local dishes will become an important component[注意搭配] (2)。
     (1)[A]in [B]into [C]to [D]by
     (2)[A]of that [B]of it [C]to it [D]by that
     ☆A(yù)fter years of advancing early retirement schemes to avoid redundancies and higher unemployment, many governments are now looking(3)persuading people to stay in work until they are older. Surely, the thinking goes, if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less(4)strenuous and unemployment is down, then perhaps the present rate should rise anew.
     (3)[A]for [B]to [C]about [D]at
     (4)[A]turbulent[B]strenuous [C]compact [D]intricate
     ☆Given 20 ounces of tea daily, nontea drinkers were better able to fight(5)bacterial diseases, according to a study at Brigham and Women‘s Hospital in Boston. The researchers credit Ltheanine, an ingredient found in black, green, oolong and pekoe teas—but not in(6)teas, which usually don’t contain Camellia sinensis, the one true tea plant .
     (5)[A]off [B]against [C]with [D]for
     (6)[A]herbal [B]credible [C]favorable [D]fashionable
     ☆This is a deadly, serious problem(7)college campuses today. In 1997 Harvard University‘s School of Public Health surveyed students at 130 colleges for a college alcohol study and found about two of every five college students(8)in binge drinking. Frequent binge drinkers at college were 22 times more(9)than nonbinge drinkers to have problems,(10)missed classes, falling behind in school work, getting in trouble or hurt and engaging in unplanned sexual activity.
     (7)[A]of [B]in [C]on [D]about
     (8)[A]endeavor [B]engage [C]insist [D]practise
     (9)[A]possibl [B]lively [C]likely [D]feasible
     (10)[A]as such [B]as if [C]as much as[D]such as
     本小節(jié)答案精解
     (1)[答案][B]into
     [考點(diǎn)]名詞與介詞搭配。
     [解析]insight后面應(yīng)該跟介詞into.
     (2)[答案][A]of that
     [考點(diǎn)]名詞與介詞搭配和代詞復(fù)指意義。
     [解析]component 或part后面應(yīng)該跟介詞of,而且that指上文的語(yǔ)句意義。
     (3)[答案][D]at
     [考點(diǎn)]本題考查固定短語(yǔ)的辨析。
     [精解]備選項(xiàng)的介詞都可與look搭配成短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞:look for,“尋找,尋求”;look to“朝……看;指望,依賴”;look about“環(huán)視,(事先)審時(shí)度勢(shì)”;look at“研究考慮”。由短語(yǔ)的意義可知[D]項(xiàng)符合文意,look at表示to study and think about something,especially in order to decide what to do,在原文的意思是“前些年為了避免裁員及高失業(yè)率政府采取提前早退休的方案,而現(xiàn)在許多政府正考慮勸說(shuō)人們晚退休”。
     例句補(bǔ)充:
     They are looking for the missing child.(他們正在尋找那失蹤的小孩);Don‘t look to him for help(別指望他的幫忙);Look about carefully before making the final decision.(在做出最后決定之前,要先周密權(quán)衡一下)。
     (4)[答案][B]Strenuous
     [考點(diǎn)]本題考查形容詞詞義的辨析。
     [精解]空格處填入的形容詞在句子中做表語(yǔ),說(shuō)明“現(xiàn)在的工作在生理上(physically)不如以前4”。由上文Surely,the thinking goes可知空格所在句子是上一句“政府考慮說(shuō)服人們晚退休”的理由。[A]turbulent“(海、氣候等)狂暴的;(時(shí)代)動(dòng)蕩不安的”一般不與job搭配;而[C]compact“緊密的,密集的;(身體)緊繃繃的”和[D]intricate“錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的,難以理解的”一般不用于從生理上說(shuō)工作。只有[B]strenuous“(工作等)需要極端努力的,費(fèi)勁的”既能從生理上說(shuō)明job的性質(zhì),又可解釋原因。
     (5)[答案][A]off
     [考點(diǎn)]介詞辨析,動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配。
     [解析]四個(gè)介詞都可和fight搭配,fight off意思是“擊退”,fight against和fight with的意思都是“和……戰(zhàn)斗”,fight for意思是“為……而戰(zhàn)斗”。fight against和fight with可以同時(shí)被排除, fight for也不對(duì),因此答案是[A]。
     (6)[答案][A]herbal
     [考點(diǎn)]形容詞辨析,形容詞與名詞的搭配。
     [解析]herbal意思為“草藥的”,credible意思是“可信的”,favorable意思是“贊成的,有利的”,fashionable意思是“流行的,時(shí)髦的”。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出,6teas和前面的green tea等相對(duì)應(yīng),是一種茶葉,因此正確答案為[A]。
     (7)[答案][C]on
     [考點(diǎn)]介詞選擇。
     [解析]campus前面的固定介詞是on,所以答案是[C]。
     (8)[答案][B]engage
     [考點(diǎn)]動(dòng)詞辨析,動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配。
     [解析]endeavor是“努力,盡力,竭力做到”,后面加不定式,engage能和in搭配,表示“從事,參與”,insist后面可以加on或者upon,意思是“堅(jiān)持,一定要”,practise不能跟in構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)。binge drinking是指“狂飲作樂(lè)”,根據(jù)這幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞的用法判斷,只有engage能和in搭配,因此[B]是正確答案。
     (9)[答案][C]likely
     [考點(diǎn)]形容詞辨析。
     [解析]possible是“可能的,有可能做到的”,lively是“充滿活力的,活潑的”,likely是“可能的,有傾向的”,feasible是“可行的,合理的”。lively和feasible可首先排除,possible最常用的結(jié)構(gòu)是It is possible (for sb.) to do sth,而這句話的主語(yǔ)是frequent college drinkers,所以選[C]。
     (10)[答案][D]such as
     [考點(diǎn)]判斷句子內(nèi)部的邏輯關(guān)系。
     [解析]這個(gè)空格后面的四個(gè)并列成分是對(duì)前面problems的展開(kāi)說(shuō)明,舉了四個(gè)例子,所以答案是[D]。