相似詞語(yǔ)辨析【101】loaded,laden

字號(hào):

loaded,laden
    這一對(duì)詞很易引起混淆。
    Loaded是動(dòng)詞load的過去式和過去分詞,意為“裝載”、“裝填”。例:
    We loaded the ship with coal.
    我們把煤裝到船上。
    The Australian rice was loaded upon a wagon.
    澳洲米裝在貨車上。
    The robber has loaded his gun.
    該賊已將子彈裝在他的槍上。
    Laden是動(dòng)詞lade的過去分詞(lade已不再通用),意為“負(fù)有”、“充滿”(heavily loaded,burdened),在句中一般只用作形容詞,并常用作比喻意。例:
    My mind is laden with grief.
    我的心非常悲傷。
    That robber is laden with guilt.
    那個(gè)強(qiáng)盜惡貫滿盈。
    The company is laden with debt.
    該公司肩負(fù)重債。
    值得注意的是,loaded和laden雖然來(lái)自兩個(gè)不同的動(dòng)詞,但“載滿”時(shí)卻可互換使用。例如:
    The tree is loaded (or laden)with fruit(樹上結(jié)滿了果子)
    The ship was loaded(or laden)with cotton.(船上裝滿了棉花)
    在下面有比喻義的句子中,只能用laden,不能用loaded:
    The town is filled with smoke-laden air.
    那市鎮(zhèn)的空氣充滿了煙霧。
    A fat-laden meal is unhealthy.
    脂肪過多的飯餐是不健康的。
    Come to me,all who labour and are heavy laden,and I will give you rest.(The Bible)
    凡勞苦擔(dān)重?fù)?dān)的人可以到我這里來(lái),我就使你們得安息。(《圣經(jīng)》)