1998 Passage 2
7. What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real.
「譯文」 商人們自認為他們領導了這場生產(chǎn)力革命，究竟是否確有其事則更加難以確定。
「析句」 句子的主語和表語都是獨立的從句，主語是what引導的名詞性從句，表語是whether引導的表語從句。在表語從句中，主干是the productivity revolution is for real，后面跟了一個that引導的定語從句，而在這個定語從句中，賓語也是一個從句（that businessmen assume they are presiding over）。
「講詞」 preside意為“主持”。The special workshop was presided over by a famous scientist.（那次專題研討會是由一位的科學家主持的。）The manager presides over the business of this store.（經(jīng)理管理這家店的業(yè)務。）注意preside常與over連用。
revolution本意是“旋轉”，通常表示“革命”，引義表示“革命性的或重大的變化”。Air travel has caused a revolution in our way of living.（空中旅行使我們的生活方式完全變了。）The new engine has a 4.3L capacity and a power output of 153 kilowatts at 4,400 revolutions per minute. （這臺新發(fā)動機的排量為4.3升，轉速為每分鐘4400轉，輸出功率是153千瓦。）
8. The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle,and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend.
「譯文」 問題在于，近期生產(chǎn)力快速增長的部分原因是經(jīng)濟周期的正常反彈，并不足以說明潛在的趨勢已經(jīng)預示經(jīng)濟復蘇。
「析句」 句子的表語較長，作為表語的從句由兩個分句組成，但是主語都是part of the recent acceleration.必須清楚is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend的主語是part of the recent acceleration.
「講詞」 acceleration意為“加速”，在句中是“經(jīng)濟加速”的意思。This bus has good acceleration.（這輛公共汽車的加速性能很好。）
revival意為“復興；復蘇”，在句中是“經(jīng)濟復蘇”的意思。
conclusive意為“確實的,后的,決定性的”。conclusive evidence（確鑿的證據(jù)）。
9. New ways of organizing the workplace—all that reengineering and downsizing—are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training.
「譯文」 企業(yè)重組的新方法——所有那些重新設計和縮小規(guī)模的做法——只是對一個經(jīng)濟的整體生產(chǎn)力做出了一方面的貢獻，而這種經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展還受到許多其他因素的驅使，如設備、機械上的聯(lián)合投資，新技術，以及教育和培訓上的投資。
「析句」 句子的主干是New ways of organizing the workplace… are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy.破折號中間的成分是插入語，是主語New ways of organizing the workplace的同位語。the overall productivity of an economy后面跟了一個which引導的定語從句，其中such as joint investment in equipment and machinery…and training是賓語many other factors的同位語。
「講詞」 contribute意為“貢獻；起作用；出力”。Drinking contributed to his ruin.（酗酒促使他毀滅。）She seldom contributes to the discussion.（她在討論中很少發(fā)言。）注意contribute后面通常跟介詞to.
10. His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability.
「譯文」 他的同事邁克·比爾說，太多的公司已用機械的方式進行重組，在沒有充分考慮到長期贏利能力的情況下降低了成本。
「析句」 句子的主干（His colleague,Michael Beer,says）比較明了，賓語是that引導的賓語從句。從句包含兩個狀語成分，一是in a mechanistic fashion表示方式，一是現(xiàn)在分詞短語chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability表示伴隨，都是說明謂語applied的。
「講詞」 apply意為“申請；應用”，在句中“運用”的意思。The purpose of the guidelines applied in the program is to improve the efficiency of the company.（在該計劃中實施這些方針的目的是為了提高公司的效率。）It is more important to apply what we have learned into practice.（把我們所學的知識應用于實踐更為重要。）
7. What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real.
「譯文」 商人們自認為他們領導了這場生產(chǎn)力革命，究竟是否確有其事則更加難以確定。
「析句」 句子的主語和表語都是獨立的從句，主語是what引導的名詞性從句，表語是whether引導的表語從句。在表語從句中，主干是the productivity revolution is for real，后面跟了一個that引導的定語從句，而在這個定語從句中，賓語也是一個從句（that businessmen assume they are presiding over）。
「講詞」 preside意為“主持”。The special workshop was presided over by a famous scientist.（那次專題研討會是由一位的科學家主持的。）The manager presides over the business of this store.（經(jīng)理管理這家店的業(yè)務。）注意preside常與over連用。
revolution本意是“旋轉”，通常表示“革命”，引義表示“革命性的或重大的變化”。Air travel has caused a revolution in our way of living.（空中旅行使我們的生活方式完全變了。）The new engine has a 4.3L capacity and a power output of 153 kilowatts at 4,400 revolutions per minute. （這臺新發(fā)動機的排量為4.3升，轉速為每分鐘4400轉，輸出功率是153千瓦。）
8. The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle,and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend.
「譯文」 問題在于，近期生產(chǎn)力快速增長的部分原因是經(jīng)濟周期的正常反彈，并不足以說明潛在的趨勢已經(jīng)預示經(jīng)濟復蘇。
「析句」 句子的表語較長，作為表語的從句由兩個分句組成，但是主語都是part of the recent acceleration.必須清楚is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend的主語是part of the recent acceleration.
「講詞」 acceleration意為“加速”，在句中是“經(jīng)濟加速”的意思。This bus has good acceleration.（這輛公共汽車的加速性能很好。）
revival意為“復興；復蘇”，在句中是“經(jīng)濟復蘇”的意思。
conclusive意為“確實的,后的,決定性的”。conclusive evidence（確鑿的證據(jù)）。
9. New ways of organizing the workplace—all that reengineering and downsizing—are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training.
「譯文」 企業(yè)重組的新方法——所有那些重新設計和縮小規(guī)模的做法——只是對一個經(jīng)濟的整體生產(chǎn)力做出了一方面的貢獻，而這種經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展還受到許多其他因素的驅使，如設備、機械上的聯(lián)合投資，新技術，以及教育和培訓上的投資。
「析句」 句子的主干是New ways of organizing the workplace… are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy.破折號中間的成分是插入語，是主語New ways of organizing the workplace的同位語。the overall productivity of an economy后面跟了一個which引導的定語從句，其中such as joint investment in equipment and machinery…and training是賓語many other factors的同位語。
「講詞」 contribute意為“貢獻；起作用；出力”。Drinking contributed to his ruin.（酗酒促使他毀滅。）She seldom contributes to the discussion.（她在討論中很少發(fā)言。）注意contribute后面通常跟介詞to.
10. His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability.
「譯文」 他的同事邁克·比爾說，太多的公司已用機械的方式進行重組，在沒有充分考慮到長期贏利能力的情況下降低了成本。
「析句」 句子的主干（His colleague,Michael Beer,says）比較明了，賓語是that引導的賓語從句。從句包含兩個狀語成分，一是in a mechanistic fashion表示方式，一是現(xiàn)在分詞短語chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability表示伴隨，都是說明謂語applied的。
「講詞」 apply意為“申請；應用”，在句中“運用”的意思。The purpose of the guidelines applied in the program is to improve the efficiency of the company.（在該計劃中實施這些方針的目的是為了提高公司的效率。）It is more important to apply what we have learned into practice.（把我們所學的知識應用于實踐更為重要。）