劉毅10000詞匯+學(xué)習(xí)筆記

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劉毅10000詞匯學(xué)習(xí)筆記 lesson 1(1)
    1.abdomen:part of the body below the chest and diaphragm,containing the stomach. 腹部
    abdominal(adj) 腹部的 an abdominal operation 腹部手術(shù)
    belly:(口)front of the human body from the waist to the groin;belly 肚子,胃
    with an empty belly 空著肚子
    in the belly of a ship 在船腹里
    belly out(動詞用法):鼓漲,凸出The wind bellied out the sails
    2.bereave:使某人喪失(尤指親屬) bereave sb of sb an accident which bereaved him of his wife 使他喪失妻子的事故
    the bereaved husband 死了妻子的男人
    the bereaved 喪失親人的人
    bereavement(n):喪親之痛,喪失親人
    deprive:take sth away from sb;prevent sb from enjoying or using sth 剝奪sb/sth的sth;阻止某人享有或使用sth
    deprive sb/sth of sth
    deprive of one's civil rights 剝奪某人的公民權(quán)
    deprivation(n):剝奪;貧困;被剝奪的事物
    widespread deprivation 普遍貧困
    Missing the holiday was a great deprivation.錯失假日是極大的損失。
    deprived(adj):貧困的,窮苦的 deprived childhood 貧苦的童年
    3。consecrate:devote sth/sb to or reserve sth/sb for a special (esp religious) purpose 把sth/sb 獻給sth/sb做某種(尤其宗教)用途 consecrate sth/sb to sth
    consecrate one's life to the service of God,to the relief of suffering 獻身于為神服務(wù)(解除世人痛苦)的事業(yè)
    devote:give one's time,energy to sth/sb; dedicate 為某人付出,向某人奉獻,獻身于 devote oneself/sth to sb/sth
    devoted(adj):熱愛的,非常忠實的,全心全意的 a devoted son 孝子
    She is devoted to her children. 她深愛她的孩子。
    devotee(n):獻身于某事物的人,熱心者,某事物的迷戀者;某一宗派的擁護者 a devotee of sport
    devotion(n): devotion to sth/sb 深愛,忠心,忠誠
    4.evoke:bring to mind(a feeling,memory) 引起或喚起情感,記憶
    produce or cause(a response ,reaction) 產(chǎn)生或引起(回應(yīng),反應(yīng))
    evocation(n):
    invoke:use as a reason for one's action 援用(sth)為行動依據(jù)或理由
    beg for sth by praying 以禱告祈求某事物
    The government has invoked the Official Secrets Act in having thebook banned.政府援引國家機密保密法以禁該書。
    invocation(n): invocation to sb 求助于神或法律
    5。groove:溝,槽,紋
    習(xí)語:get into a groove 養(yǎng)成某種生活習(xí)慣
    furrow:犁溝,壟溝
    (v)(尤用被動語態(tài))犁,使起皺紋
    newly furrowed fields 剛犁過的田地
    6。jolt:(使某人某物)顛簸著移動
    The old bus jolted along 舊公共汽車顛簸而行
    jolt sb into/out of sth:使某人受到震驚而采取某種行動
    He was jolted out of his lethargy and into action when he realized he had only a short time to finish the article.他意識到須在很短的時間里就得把文章寫完,立即振作精神寫起來。
    joggle:使某人/某物輕輕搖動
    7。obsolete:不再使用的,過時的
    antiquated:(通常做貶義)過時的,廢棄的
    8。prowl:小心的悄悄移動;悄悄行經(jīng)(某處);~ about/around 徘徊
    wild animals prowling in the forest 在森林里輕輕行走的野獸
    I could hear him prowling around in his bedroom all night.我聽到他整夜在臥室里踱來踱去。
    rove:漂泊,流浪,漫游
    bands of hooligans roving round the streets 成群結(jié)伙在街上游蕩的流氓
    習(xí)語:have a roving eye 時刻尋找著調(diào)情或做風(fēng)流事的機會
    9。scoop:用鏟、勺挖
    scoop sth out \up 鏟出,挖出
    shovel:用鏟鏟進 shovel sth into
    10.status:地位 身份 職位
    situation:狀況,處境,局面,形勢 位置
    situation comedy 情景喜劇
    11.:sue對某人提起訴訟,控告某人 sue sb for sth 控告某人要求sth
    If you don't complete the work, I will sue you for damages.如果你不把工作做完,我就要控告你支付賠償。
    sue for sth (常用于法庭上)請求 sue for peace 請求和解
    indict:(就某事)控告,起訴或告發(fā)某人 indict sb for sth
    He was indicted for murder.他被控殺人。
    劉毅10000詞匯學(xué)習(xí)筆記 lesson 1(2)
     1. bandit: member of a gang of armed robbers 土匪 強盜
    banditry(n):盜匪行徑
    brigand:(舊)土匪,強盜(尤指在山林中搶劫旅客的)
    2. commemorate :keep a great person or event in people‘s memories 紀(jì)念(偉人,大事件等);指(雕像,紀(jì)念碑等)作為對某人某事的紀(jì)念
    We commemorate the founding of our nation with a public holiday。我們放假一天以慶祝國慶。
    This memorial commemorates those who died in the war。這座紀(jì)念碑是紀(jì)念戰(zhàn)爭中的犧牲者的。
    celebrate:mark (a hapy or important day,event)with festivities and rejoicing 慶祝,祝賀
    celebrated(adj):的,馳名的
    3. defile:(文或修辭)make sth dirty or impure 使某物骯臟或不純
    rivers defiled by pollution 受污染的河流
    (特) march in single file or a narrow column 指部隊單行或縱隊前進
    defilement(n):污損,弄臟
    infect:(尤用于被動語態(tài))使某人/某物傳染,感染,污染某人/某物 infect sb/sth with
    The laboratory animals had been infected with the bacteria。實驗室的動物都已受到這種細(xì)菌的感染。
    infection(n):~ with sth 傳染,感染 the infection of the body with bacteria 身體受細(xì)菌侵染。
    4. deviation:(~ from sth ) not following the normal or expected course、plan 偏離正?;蛟ǖ穆肪€,計劃 ;偏差
    deviation from the rules 違背規(guī)則
    deviate(v):(~ from sth )偏離路線,標(biāo)準(zhǔn);背離
    deviationism(n):政治上的離經(jīng)叛道
    delegate:(~ sb to sth )挑選或委派某人作代表;挑選或委派某人執(zhí)行;將(權(quán)利、職責(zé))委托給下級,授權(quán)給;
    delegate sb to a conference 委托某人作代表出席會議
    The new manager was delegated toreorganize the department。派這位新經(jīng)理重新組織該部門。
    The job had to be delegated to an assistant。這項工作得交給助手去做。
    delegation(n):代表,委托
    5. fortitude:(在痛苦、危險或困難面前表現(xiàn)出的)勇氣、堅韌和自制力
    He bore the pain with great fortitude。他以極大得毅力忍受了痛苦。
    endurance:忍耐力
    He showed remarkable endurance throughout his illness。他生病得整個過程都表現(xiàn)出非凡的忍耐力。
    (特)endurance 作定語 endurance test 耐力測驗
    endurable(adj)可忍耐的,可容忍的
    enduring(adj)持續(xù)的,持久的
    6. inconsolable:that cannot be comforted 不能安慰的,無法慰藉的
    The children were inconsolable when their father died。這些孩子因為喪父而悲傷不已。
    console sb on/for sth 安慰,慰問某人 Nothing could console him when his pet died。
    consolatory(adj):安慰的,慰問的
    depress(v):make sb sad and without enthusiasm 使某人憂愁、消沉、沮喪;將某物壓下,推下,拉下;(尤指貿(mào)易)不活躍,不景氣
    Wet weather always depresses me。我在陰雨天總是心灰意懶。
    depress a piano key 按下鋼琴鍵
    depress sales 使銷售額下降
    depressed(adj):憂愁的,沮喪的,消沉的
    depressing(adj):令人憂愁的,使人沮喪的
    7. nibble:(~ at sth)小口咬某物,輕咬;對(好意,提議)謹(jǐn)慎的表示有意接受
    fish nibbling (at) the bait 魚輕咬魚餌
    He nibbled at my idea, but would not make a definite decision。他對我的想法頗感興趣,但不做出決定。
    bite:(~ into sth) 咬某人(某物)
    She bit into the apple。她咬了一口蘋果。
    8. pageant:盛裝的*,露天演出的歷史??;壯麗的場面,偉觀
    pageantry(n):壯麗的展示,盛況
    exhibition:展覽,展覽會
    (習(xí)語)make an exhibition of oneself(貶)當(dāng)中出丑,出洋相
    9. scourge:(用以打人的)鞭子;(比喻)引起災(zāi)害的事物或人
    (v)鞭打
    The new boss was the scourge of the inefficient。新老板來了以后,不稱職的人就遭殃。
    disaster:災(zāi)難,災(zāi)禍;失?。唬谡Z)徹底失敗的人或事物
    As a teacher, he is a disaster。他是個很糟糕的教師。
    disastrous(adj):災(zāi)難性的,造成災(zāi)害的,失敗的
    10. tumble:使某人倒下或墜落(尤指身不由己或猛勁兒),但通常并無重傷
    tumble down the stairs 從樓梯上摔下
    fall:落下,跌落
    fall down/over :倒下(尤指突然間),倒塌
    fall away/off 向下傾斜
    fall into sth 進入某種狀態(tài),變成
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    劉毅10000詞匯學(xué)習(xí)筆記 lesson 1(3)
    1、afflict:(v 通常用于被動語態(tài))使某人某物苦惱、疼痛或悲傷 ~ sb/sth with sth
    Severe drought has afflicted the countryside。嚴(yán)重的干旱使鄉(xiāng)村深受其害。
    She is afflicted with(suffers from)arthritis。她患關(guān)節(jié)炎。
    affliction(n)疼痛,折磨,悲痛;造成痛苦的事物 help people in affliction 幫助受苦的人
    distress:(通常用于被動語態(tài))給某人某物帶來痛苦,悲傷,苦難,貧困,困苦,危難等
    (n)極大的痛苦,悲傷,苦難等(的緣由);貧困,困苦;危難,困境
    Towards the end of the marathon several runners showed signs of distress。馬拉松比賽接近終點時,有些參賽者顯出極難受的樣子。
    Her death was a great distress to the family。她去世后全家人極為悲痛。
    A ship in distress 遇險的船
    distressful(adj)
    distressing (adj)令人痛苦的,令人苦惱的
    2、censure:(v)嚴(yán)厲批評某人,正式責(zé)備某人
    (n)strong criticism or condemnation 指責(zé),譴責(zé),斥責(zé)
    Two MPs were censured by the speaker。有兩個議員遭到議長的斥責(zé)。
    Pass a vote of censure on sb 通過對某人的不信任投票
    blame:(v)責(zé)備,責(zé)怪,指責(zé),歸咎于 ~ sb for/on sth
    If you fail the exam you’ll only have yourself to blame。你若考試不及格,只能怪你自己。
    (諺)A bad workman blames his tools。拙匠埋怨工具差。
    (習(xí))be to blame for sth 對某壞事應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé),應(yīng)受責(zé)備。
    Which driver was to blame for the accident?
    3、dissimulate:(v)hide or disguise one’s thought or feelings;dissemble 隱藏,掩蓋思想感情;假裝
    dissimulation(n)
    deceive:(v)~ sb/oneself into doing sth 欺騙某人做某事,使自己信以為真去做某事
    We were deceived into believing that he could help us。我們被騙了,還以為他能幫助我們。
    deceiver(n)騙子
    deception(n)欺騙, deception on the public 欺騙公眾
    deceptive(adj)可能欺騙的,導(dǎo)致誤解的
    4、flog(v)重重責(zé)打某人(尤指用棍棒或鞭子);(口)賣給某人某物 ~ sth to sb
    flogging(n)打,鞭笞
    spank(v)摑(尤指小孩)(尤指打*懲罰)
    spank a child’s bottom 摑小孩的*
    (n)摑;摑在*上的第一巴掌
    5、inscribe:(v)在某物上寫、題(詩句,名字等)(尤指做正式的永久性的記錄)~ A on/in B ~ B with A inscription(n)題字,題名,銘文
    caption(n)雜志,文章重的標(biāo)題、題目;附于照片、插圖上的說明文字;電影或電視上的字幕
    6、meddle(v)(貶)干預(yù),干涉,管閑事 ~ in sth ;亂動、瞎動不應(yīng)動的事情 ~ with sth
    Don’t meddle in my affairs。別管我的事。
    Who’s been meddling with my papers?誰亂翻了我的文件?
    meddlesome(adj)好干預(yù),好管閑事的
    meddler(n)干預(yù)者,愛管閑事的人,瞎擺弄的人
    intervene(vi)指人干涉,調(diào)停,調(diào)解,斡旋 ~ in sth ~ between A and B;指時間進入,介入,在其間;(指事情發(fā)生)以阻礙(某事);
    intervene in a dispute 調(diào)解紛爭
    during the years that intervened 這期間的若干年
    intervention(n)干涉,介入
    interventionist(n)干涉主義者,主張干涉的人
    7、postuer:(n)姿勢,姿態(tài);舉止;看法,態(tài)度
    (v)以不自然的、裝模作樣的方式站著,坐著等;擺模特的姿勢
    Stop posturing in front of that mirror。別在鏡子前擺姿勢了。
    attitude(n)看法,態(tài)度
    8、rummage(vi、n)翻找或搜尋某物 ~ among/in/through sth for sth ~ about/around
    ransack(vt)徹底搜尋 ~ sth for sth
    9、spout(v)指液體噴出,涌出 ~ out of/from
    water spouting from a broken water-pipe 從破裂的水管中噴出的水
    pour(v)指液體不斷流動(尤指從上而下)
    Blood was pouring from the wound。血從傷口中涌出。
    10、traverse(vt)走過,橫貫或穿越某地區(qū)
    skies traversing the slopes 穿過斜坡的滑雪者
    (n)(一結(jié)構(gòu)中的)穿越一物體的部件;橫梁;橫臂;(尤指爬山時的)側(cè)向運動
    intersect(vt)(尤用于被動語態(tài))橫斷,橫切;(指線條、道路)相交,交叉 ~ sth with sth
    The lines AB and CD intersect at E。直線AB與直線CD相交于點E。
    11、wistful(adj)發(fā)愁的,渴望的(尤指過去的或不可得到的東西)
    wistful eyes 露出渴求目光的眼睛
    yearning(n)渴望,熱望 ~ for sb/sth
    yearningly(adv)渴望地
    劉毅詞匯10000 學(xué)習(xí)筆記lesson 1(4)
    1、amicable:(adj)友好的,無敵意的
    An amicable settlement was reached。已達成和解。
    amicability(n)
    amiable:(adj)友好的,和藹可親的,好脾氣的
    an amiable character 溫柔的性格
    2、blizzard:severe snowstorm 暴風(fēng)雪
    snowstorm:heavy fall of snow,esp with a strong wind暴風(fēng)雪,雪暴
    3、cruise:(v)(航船)巡游,巡航;以中等速度行駛 ~ about
    a destroyer cruising about in the sea 在海上游弋的驅(qū)除艦
    Taxis cruised about,hoping to pick up late fares 出租車以中等速度轉(zhuǎn)來轉(zhuǎn)去,希望能招徠到晚歸的顧客。
    voyage:(v)航行,航海
    voyaging across the Indian Ocean 作穿越印度洋的航行
    4、eradicate:(v)根除,消滅某事物,結(jié)束某事物
    Smallpox has almost been eradicated 天花幾乎已消滅。
    extirpate:(v)根除或鏟除
    extirpate social evils 根除社會弊病
    5、glimmer:(v)發(fā)出微弱的閃光;
    (n)微弱的閃光
    glimmering(n)微光,跡象
    We began to see a glimmering of a solution to the problem 我們開始看到問題可望解決的跡象。
    gleam:(n)閃光,通常指反光
    gleam in sb’s eyes 醞釀中的意念,令人向往的人和事物
    6、lump:(v) ~ sb/sth together 將人或物歸并在一起考慮,將人或物同等分類或?qū)Υ?BR>    We have lumped all the advanced students in the single class。我們把程度高的學(xué)生都編在一個班里。
    lumpish(adj)指人粗大的,笨拙的,愚蠢的
    block:(v)阻礙,堵塞 ~ sth up
    7、ransack:(v)徹底搜索某處 ~ sth for sth ;搶劫,掠奪
    ransack the house for those papers 滿屋子尋找那些文件
    rummage:(v)翻找,搜尋 ~ among/in/through sth for sth
    8、slash:(v)用劍、刀砍 ~ at sth(with sth).
    gash:(v)割一道傷口 ~ sth on sth
    gash one’s arm on a piece of broken glass 胳膊被玻璃碎片劃了一個大口子
    9、slump:(v)沉重的落下或倒下
    (n)商業(yè)蕭條期,不景氣
    Tired from her walk she slumped down onto the sofa。她走累了,一*坐到沙發(fā)上。
    depress:(v)使某人憂愁,消沉,沮喪
    10、vogue:(n)流行的或盛行的式樣 ~ for sth
    a new vogue for low-h(huán)eeled shoes 低跟鞋新潮流
    fashion:(n)樣子,式樣;時尚,風(fēng)氣
    dressed in the latest fashion 穿著入時的
    劉毅詞匯學(xué)習(xí)筆記lesson 1(5)
    1、ascribe(v) ~ sth to sb/sth 認(rèn)為某事物是由某人造成或?qū)懗?;歸功于、歸咎于某人(某事物)
    He ascribed his failure to bad luck。他把失敗歸咎于運氣不好。
    This play is usually ascribed to Shakespeare。這個劇本一般認(rèn)為是莎士比亞所作。
    ascribable(adj)(作表語)~ to sb/sth 可歸于某人某事物的
    His success is ascribable simply to hard work。 他的成功是由于勤奮。
    attribute(v)~ sth to sb/sth 認(rèn)為某事物是屬于某人的,由某人引起的
    He attributes his success to hard work and a bit of luck。他認(rèn)為他的成功是勤奮加上一點運氣得來的。
    (n)屬性,特質(zhì),性質(zhì)
    Her greatest attribute was her kindness。她的特點是為人厚道。
    attributable(adj)(作表語)可歸屬于或歸因于某事物的
    2、bulwark(n)壁壘(尤指泥土堆砌者),防御工事;(比喻)支持,防御或保護的人和事物
    Democracy is a bulwark of freedom。民主是自由的保障。
    safeguard(n) ~ against sb/sth 安全措施,保護性措施
    We will introduce legal safeguard against fraud。我們?yōu)橹浦乖p騙活動要采取法律保護措施。
    3、dubious(adj) ~ about sth/doing sth (尤作表語)半信半疑,可疑;(貶)名聲不大好的,不可靠的; 結(jié)果未定的,不能確定的;
    I remain dubious about his motives。我對他的動機心存疑慮。
    doubtful(adj)(通常作表語)(指人)感到可疑,不能相信;令人生疑的,不肯定的
    The weather looks rather doubtful。天氣看起來靠不住。
    4、 facet(n)寶石或首飾的小平面,刻面;事情或問題的方面
    There are many facets to this question。這個問題有很多方面。
    aspect(n)方面;(尤指人)的樣子,容貌,神態(tài)
    5、heed(v)注意或聽從勸告
    heed a warning 注意一項警告
    (習(xí)語)take heed of sth 聽從 Take heed of your doctor’s advice 聽從醫(yī)生的勸告
    attention(n)注意,專心
    attentive(adj)注意的,留心的,警惕的
    6、huddle(v)(尤用于被動語態(tài))使某事物聚集在一起
    We all huddled around the radio to hear the news。我們圍坐在收音機旁聽新聞廣播。
    gather(v)聚集,集合;收集,收攏(分散的東西) ~ sth together/up
    7、mumble(v)含糊的說某事,唧咕 ~ about sth ~ sth to sb
    What are you mumbling about?你在唧咕說些什么
    murmur(v)發(fā)出連續(xù)而低沉的聲音
    The wind murmured in the trees 風(fēng)在林中低鳴。
    8、relic(n)[/color]遺物,遺跡,遺風(fēng),遺俗
    reminder(n)幫助記憶或起提醒作用的東西
    9、smog(n)霧和煙的混合物,煙霧
    fume(n)(通常作復(fù)數(shù))(氣味強烈的)煙,氣,汽
    10、wayfarer(n)行路的人(尤指徒步的)
    traveler(n)常出遠(yuǎn)門的人,旅行者
    11、wont(n)(文或修辭)習(xí)俗,習(xí)慣
    habit(n)習(xí)慣,習(xí)性,脾性