The first step in exercising for most people is determining whether or not they should. This is particularly true with anyone over thirty-five, especially if they have been heavy smokers. Likewise, young adults who have been very inactive should proceed slowly and with caution. A physical evaluation from a physician is recommended, preferably one that includes an exercise-stress test. While a person is exercising, a stress test detects cardiovascular(心血管的) problems that might not show up when the body is at rest. This is done by monitoring blood pressure, pulse rate, oxygen consumption, and the heart’s electrical activity while exercising.
Whatever exercise program is selected, it is important to start with warm-up periods. These should include stretching exercises, jumping jacks(原地跳躍運動), or active walking. The idea is to increase heart rate and circulation slowly without placing a sudden strain on the heart or the muscles that are starting to work.
The next phase in developing an exercise program is to determine the amount of exercise that is enough to condition the muscles and cardiovascular system without overly straining the body. This involves taking one’s pulse and finding one’s target zone. This target zone, or safe-training pulse rate, is established by subtracting one’s age from 220 and then taking 60 percent to 80 percent of that total. If you are just starting to exercise 60 percent is recommended; 80 percent is recommended if you are already in good condition.
1.The author is primarily addressing ____.
A)a social worker
B)anyone who wants to take up exercise
C)any would-be sportsman
D)a physician who is in charge of physical checkups
2.What is NOT mentioned as a part of a stress test in Paragraph 1?
A)Watching the heart’s electrical activity.
B)Examining the blood pressure.
C)Observing oxygen consumption.
D)Increasing blood circulation
3.The word “overly”(Line 2, Para.3) in the context best means ____.
A)liable
B)excessively
C)extensive
D)readily
4.In order not to place much strain on the body, if you are a beginner and at the age of 45, the safe-training pulse rate suggested would be ____.
A)105
B)220
C)140
D)175
5.The author writes the passage mainly to recommend ____.
A)that heavy smokers should quit smoking for the sake of their health
B)that we should proceed with warm-up periods after doing exercises
C)that young adults should live an inactive life instead of doing exercises
D)that we should take up physical exercises in the light of our physical condition
答案：
1.B)anyone who wants to take up exercise. 從原文第一句The first step in exercising for most people is determining whether or not they should可以看出, 作者試圖step by step地給anyone who wants to take up exercise提建議.
2.D)Increasing blood circulation. 參考原文第一段最后一句This is done by monitoring blood pressure(B), pulse rate, oxygen consumption(C), and the heart’s electrical activity(A) while exercising.
3.B)excessively, 翻譯為“過量的”, 最適合.
4.A)105. 首先參考原文公式(220－age) ×60%~80%, 然后對照原文If you are just starting to exercise 60 percent is recommended得出算式(220－45) ×60%=105.
5.D)that we should take up physical exercises in the light of our physical condition.
參考譯文：
對多數(shù)人來說從事鍛煉的第一步是確定是否應(yīng)該參加鍛煉。對于35歲以上的，特別是那些煙鬼更是如此。同樣地，不愛活動的年輕人也應(yīng)當(dāng)循序漸進(jìn)，謹(jǐn)慎從事。建議找醫(yī)生做做身體檢查，是做一個包括鍛煉強度測試的檢查。當(dāng)一個人鍛煉時，強度測試可以查出心血管毛病，這類毛病在身體不活躍時是不會表現(xiàn)出來的。這種方法是在鍛煉時監(jiān)視血壓、脈率、氧耗及心電圖的活動。
無論選擇何種鍛煉方案，重要的是先進(jìn)行一下預(yù)備活動，包括伸展運動、原地跳躍運動或活動量大的步行。其目的是緩緩地增加心率和血液循環(huán)，而不至于給開始運動的心臟或肌肉造成突然的壓力。
鍛煉方案擬定的下一步是確定運動量，以便充分鍛煉肌肉和心血管系統(tǒng)而不造成運動過量。這要求測脈搏，并找到個人的運動目標(biāo)范圍，這種目標(biāo)范圍又稱安全訓(xùn)練脈率，是通過計算得到的，即220減年齡數(shù)，然后取差額的60% 80%。如果你剛開始鍛煉，建議取60%，健康狀況很佳時取80%。
Whatever exercise program is selected, it is important to start with warm-up periods. These should include stretching exercises, jumping jacks(原地跳躍運動), or active walking. The idea is to increase heart rate and circulation slowly without placing a sudden strain on the heart or the muscles that are starting to work.
The next phase in developing an exercise program is to determine the amount of exercise that is enough to condition the muscles and cardiovascular system without overly straining the body. This involves taking one’s pulse and finding one’s target zone. This target zone, or safe-training pulse rate, is established by subtracting one’s age from 220 and then taking 60 percent to 80 percent of that total. If you are just starting to exercise 60 percent is recommended; 80 percent is recommended if you are already in good condition.
1.The author is primarily addressing ____.
A)a social worker
B)anyone who wants to take up exercise
C)any would-be sportsman
D)a physician who is in charge of physical checkups
2.What is NOT mentioned as a part of a stress test in Paragraph 1?
A)Watching the heart’s electrical activity.
B)Examining the blood pressure.
C)Observing oxygen consumption.
D)Increasing blood circulation
3.The word “overly”(Line 2, Para.3) in the context best means ____.
A)liable
B)excessively
C)extensive
D)readily
4.In order not to place much strain on the body, if you are a beginner and at the age of 45, the safe-training pulse rate suggested would be ____.
A)105
B)220
C)140
D)175
5.The author writes the passage mainly to recommend ____.
A)that heavy smokers should quit smoking for the sake of their health
B)that we should proceed with warm-up periods after doing exercises
C)that young adults should live an inactive life instead of doing exercises
D)that we should take up physical exercises in the light of our physical condition
答案：
1.B)anyone who wants to take up exercise. 從原文第一句The first step in exercising for most people is determining whether or not they should可以看出, 作者試圖step by step地給anyone who wants to take up exercise提建議.
2.D)Increasing blood circulation. 參考原文第一段最后一句This is done by monitoring blood pressure(B), pulse rate, oxygen consumption(C), and the heart’s electrical activity(A) while exercising.
3.B)excessively, 翻譯為“過量的”, 最適合.
4.A)105. 首先參考原文公式(220－age) ×60%~80%, 然后對照原文If you are just starting to exercise 60 percent is recommended得出算式(220－45) ×60%=105.
5.D)that we should take up physical exercises in the light of our physical condition.
參考譯文：
對多數(shù)人來說從事鍛煉的第一步是確定是否應(yīng)該參加鍛煉。對于35歲以上的，特別是那些煙鬼更是如此。同樣地，不愛活動的年輕人也應(yīng)當(dāng)循序漸進(jìn)，謹(jǐn)慎從事。建議找醫(yī)生做做身體檢查，是做一個包括鍛煉強度測試的檢查。當(dāng)一個人鍛煉時，強度測試可以查出心血管毛病，這類毛病在身體不活躍時是不會表現(xiàn)出來的。這種方法是在鍛煉時監(jiān)視血壓、脈率、氧耗及心電圖的活動。
無論選擇何種鍛煉方案，重要的是先進(jìn)行一下預(yù)備活動，包括伸展運動、原地跳躍運動或活動量大的步行。其目的是緩緩地增加心率和血液循環(huán)，而不至于給開始運動的心臟或肌肉造成突然的壓力。
鍛煉方案擬定的下一步是確定運動量，以便充分鍛煉肌肉和心血管系統(tǒng)而不造成運動過量。這要求測脈搏，并找到個人的運動目標(biāo)范圍，這種目標(biāo)范圍又稱安全訓(xùn)練脈率，是通過計算得到的，即220減年齡數(shù)，然后取差額的60% 80%。如果你剛開始鍛煉，建議取60%，健康狀況很佳時取80%。