2．直接解題：
1. “...these are cities(城市) concerned with （關(guān)心）the past（過去）”in the first paragraph（段） refer to （指，提到， 查閱）cities that ___.
A are worried about (擔(dān)心)their past.
B. have a glorious（光榮的，顯赫的） past to be proud of（以...為自豪， ）.
C. want to maintain（保持， 維修， 主張） their traditional（傳統(tǒng)的） image（形象， 圖像）.
D. are very interested in （對...感興趣）their own（自己的） history（歷史）.
1. C. 細(xì)節(jié)題。 問題問“第一段中提到的‘這些是關(guān)注過去的城市’指的是什么城市？ ”。首先找到出現(xiàn)在問題句引號中的這個句子：
Think of a modern city and the first image that come to mind is the skyline. It is full of great buildings, pointing like fingers to heaven. It is true（真實(shí)的， 忠誠的） that some cities don’t permit（允許） buildings（建筑物） to go above（超出， 在...之上） a certain（一定的） height（高度）.But these some cities are cities concerned with the past. The first thing any city does when it wants to tell(告訴) the world（世界） that it has arrived is to build skyscrapers.
從以上的答案相關(guān)句可知關(guān)注過去的城市不允許建筑物超出一定得高度， 由此可以推斷出這樣的城市希望保持其傳統(tǒng)的城市形象。
2． The difficulty(困難) in constructing（建造） tall（高的） buildings（建筑物） in the 19th century（世紀(jì)） lies in （在于...）___.
A. the shortage（缺乏， 不足） of money
B. the lack of （缺少...）a device(裝置， 設(shè)備) to carry（攜帶， 運(yùn)輸） people upward（向上）
C. the backward（向后的，落后的） technology（技術(shù)）
D. mountains（山） taking up （拿起, 開始從事, 占據(jù)）land（土地， 國家） space（空間）
2.B． 細(xì)節(jié)題。 利用問題句中的特征結(jié)構(gòu)the 19th century作為答案線索，同時利用被選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)（A：money, C: backward technology, D: mountains）共同作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：順著上一題的答案位置往下查找：
Think of a modern city and the first image that come to mind is the skyline. It is full of great buildings, pointing like fingers to heaven.（第一題答案相關(guān)句） It is true that some cities don’t permit buildings to go above a certain height. But these are cities concerned with the past. The first thing any city does when it wants to tell the world that it has arrived is to build skyscrapers.
When people gather together in cites, they create a demand for land. Since cities are places where money is made, that demand can be met. And the best way to make money out of city land is to put as many people as possible in a space that covers the smallest amount of ground. That means（意味著） building（修建） upwards（向上）.
The technology existed（存在） to do this as early as（早在...） the 19th century. But the height（高度， 海拔） of buildings was limited by（被...限制） one important （重要的）factor（因素）. They had to be small（小的） enough（足夠） for people on the top floors（頂層） to climb（爬， 攀登） stairs（樓梯）. People could not be expected（被期望） to climb a mountain at the end of （在...結(jié)束的時候）their journey（旅程） to work, or home.
第3段中的答案相關(guān)句說：早在19世紀(jì)建造高樓的技術(shù)已經(jīng)存在，限制樓高的因素只有一個，那就是人們下班后不想像爬山那樣去爬樓梯， 這說明當(dāng)時還沒有找到把人送往高處的辦法。
3. When Otis(奧迪斯) came up with （提出）the idea（想法） of a lift（電梯）, ___.
A. he sold it to the architects（建筑師） and builders（施工人員， 營造商） immediately（立刻）.
B. The Egyptians（埃及人） used it to build（修建） the Pyramids（金字塔）.
C. It was accepted （被接受）favorably（順利地） by the public（公眾）.
D. Most people had doubt（懷疑） about （對...的懷疑）its safety（安全）.
3．D. 細(xì)節(jié)題。 利用問題句中的特征詞Otis及被選項(xiàng)中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞及特征詞（A：architects, builders; B: Egyptians, Pyramids）共同作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：
Think of a modern city and the first image that come to mind is the skyline. It is full of great buildings, pointing like fingers to heaven. It is true that some cities don’t permit buildings to go above a certain height. But these are cities concerned with the past. The first thing any city does when it wants to tell the world that it has arrived is to build skyscrapers.
When people gather together in cites, they create a demand for land. Since cities are places where money is made, that demand can be met. And the best way to make money out of city land is to put as many people as possible in a space that covers the smallest amount of ground. That means building upwards.
（第2題答案相關(guān)句）The technology existed to do this as early as the 19th century. But the height of buildings was limited by one important factor. They had to be small enough for people on the top floors to climb stairs. People could not be expected to climb a mountain at the end of their journey to work, or home.
Elisha Otis, a US inventor, was the man who brought（帶來， 引起） us the lift – or elevator, as he preferred to call it. However, most of the technology is very old. Lifts work using the same pulley(滑輪) system（系統(tǒng)） the Egyptians used to create（創(chuàng)造， 造成） the Pyramids. What Otis did was attach the system to a steam engine and develop the elevator brake, which stops the lift falling if the cords that hold it up are broken. It was this that did the most to gain public confidence in the new invention. In fact, he（指代Otis） spent（花（時間，金錢）） a number of（大量的） years exhibiting（展出） lifts at fairgrounds（露天市場， 游樂場）, giving people the chance（機(jī)會） to try them before selling（賣） the idea to architects （建造師）and builders（營造商）.
答案相關(guān)句說：Otis在游樂場里讓大家試乘了幾年后才把這個想法出售給建筑師和營運(yùn)商。這說明剛開始人們還是對電梯的安全性心存顧慮。
1. “...these are cities(城市) concerned with （關(guān)心）the past（過去）”in the first paragraph（段） refer to （指，提到， 查閱）cities that ___.
A are worried about (擔(dān)心)their past.
B. have a glorious（光榮的，顯赫的） past to be proud of（以...為自豪， ）.
C. want to maintain（保持， 維修， 主張） their traditional（傳統(tǒng)的） image（形象， 圖像）.
D. are very interested in （對...感興趣）their own（自己的） history（歷史）.
1. C. 細(xì)節(jié)題。 問題問“第一段中提到的‘這些是關(guān)注過去的城市’指的是什么城市？ ”。首先找到出現(xiàn)在問題句引號中的這個句子：
Think of a modern city and the first image that come to mind is the skyline. It is full of great buildings, pointing like fingers to heaven. It is true（真實(shí)的， 忠誠的） that some cities don’t permit（允許） buildings（建筑物） to go above（超出， 在...之上） a certain（一定的） height（高度）.But these some cities are cities concerned with the past. The first thing any city does when it wants to tell(告訴) the world（世界） that it has arrived is to build skyscrapers.
從以上的答案相關(guān)句可知關(guān)注過去的城市不允許建筑物超出一定得高度， 由此可以推斷出這樣的城市希望保持其傳統(tǒng)的城市形象。
2． The difficulty(困難) in constructing（建造） tall（高的） buildings（建筑物） in the 19th century（世紀(jì)） lies in （在于...）___.
A. the shortage（缺乏， 不足） of money
B. the lack of （缺少...）a device(裝置， 設(shè)備) to carry（攜帶， 運(yùn)輸） people upward（向上）
C. the backward（向后的，落后的） technology（技術(shù)）
D. mountains（山） taking up （拿起, 開始從事, 占據(jù)）land（土地， 國家） space（空間）
2.B． 細(xì)節(jié)題。 利用問題句中的特征結(jié)構(gòu)the 19th century作為答案線索，同時利用被選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的細(xì)節(jié)信息結(jié)構(gòu)（A：money, C: backward technology, D: mountains）共同作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：順著上一題的答案位置往下查找：
Think of a modern city and the first image that come to mind is the skyline. It is full of great buildings, pointing like fingers to heaven.（第一題答案相關(guān)句） It is true that some cities don’t permit buildings to go above a certain height. But these are cities concerned with the past. The first thing any city does when it wants to tell the world that it has arrived is to build skyscrapers.
When people gather together in cites, they create a demand for land. Since cities are places where money is made, that demand can be met. And the best way to make money out of city land is to put as many people as possible in a space that covers the smallest amount of ground. That means（意味著） building（修建） upwards（向上）.
The technology existed（存在） to do this as early as（早在...） the 19th century. But the height（高度， 海拔） of buildings was limited by（被...限制） one important （重要的）factor（因素）. They had to be small（小的） enough（足夠） for people on the top floors（頂層） to climb（爬， 攀登） stairs（樓梯）. People could not be expected（被期望） to climb a mountain at the end of （在...結(jié)束的時候）their journey（旅程） to work, or home.
第3段中的答案相關(guān)句說：早在19世紀(jì)建造高樓的技術(shù)已經(jīng)存在，限制樓高的因素只有一個，那就是人們下班后不想像爬山那樣去爬樓梯， 這說明當(dāng)時還沒有找到把人送往高處的辦法。
3. When Otis(奧迪斯) came up with （提出）the idea（想法） of a lift（電梯）, ___.
A. he sold it to the architects（建筑師） and builders（施工人員， 營造商） immediately（立刻）.
B. The Egyptians（埃及人） used it to build（修建） the Pyramids（金字塔）.
C. It was accepted （被接受）favorably（順利地） by the public（公眾）.
D. Most people had doubt（懷疑） about （對...的懷疑）its safety（安全）.
3．D. 細(xì)節(jié)題。 利用問題句中的特征詞Otis及被選項(xiàng)中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞及特征詞（A：architects, builders; B: Egyptians, Pyramids）共同作為答案線索， 在文章中查找答案相關(guān)句：
Think of a modern city and the first image that come to mind is the skyline. It is full of great buildings, pointing like fingers to heaven. It is true that some cities don’t permit buildings to go above a certain height. But these are cities concerned with the past. The first thing any city does when it wants to tell the world that it has arrived is to build skyscrapers.
When people gather together in cites, they create a demand for land. Since cities are places where money is made, that demand can be met. And the best way to make money out of city land is to put as many people as possible in a space that covers the smallest amount of ground. That means building upwards.
（第2題答案相關(guān)句）The technology existed to do this as early as the 19th century. But the height of buildings was limited by one important factor. They had to be small enough for people on the top floors to climb stairs. People could not be expected to climb a mountain at the end of their journey to work, or home.
Elisha Otis, a US inventor, was the man who brought（帶來， 引起） us the lift – or elevator, as he preferred to call it. However, most of the technology is very old. Lifts work using the same pulley(滑輪) system（系統(tǒng)） the Egyptians used to create（創(chuàng)造， 造成） the Pyramids. What Otis did was attach the system to a steam engine and develop the elevator brake, which stops the lift falling if the cords that hold it up are broken. It was this that did the most to gain public confidence in the new invention. In fact, he（指代Otis） spent（花（時間，金錢）） a number of（大量的） years exhibiting（展出） lifts at fairgrounds（露天市場， 游樂場）, giving people the chance（機(jī)會） to try them before selling（賣） the idea to architects （建造師）and builders（營造商）.
答案相關(guān)句說：Otis在游樂場里讓大家試乘了幾年后才把這個想法出售給建筑師和營運(yùn)商。這說明剛開始人們還是對電梯的安全性心存顧慮。