一、真題文章（2001年）
In less than 30 years' time the Star Trek holodeck will be a reality. Direct links between the brain's nervous system and a computer will also create full sensory virtual environments， allowing virtual vacations like those in the film Total Recall.
There will be television chat shows hosted by robots， and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend. Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips， computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools， relaxation will be in front of smell-television， and digital age will have arrived.
According to BT's futurologist， Ian Pearson， these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium（a period of 1，000 years）， when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life.
Pearson has pieced together to work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place. Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine， including an extended life expectancy and dozens of artificial organs coming into use between now and 2040.
Pearson also predicts a breakthrough in computer-human links. "By linking directly to our nervous system， computers could pick up what we feel and， hopefully， simulate feeling too so that we can start to develop full sensory environments， rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck，" he says. But that， Pearson points out， is only the start of man-machine integration ："It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century."
Through his research， Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted. However， there are still no forecasts for when faster-than-light travel will be available， or when human cloning will be perfected， or when time travel will be possible. But he does expect social problems as a result of technological advances. A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will ， for example， cause problems in 2010， while the arrival of synthetic lifelike robots will mean people may not be able to distinguish between their human friends and the robots. And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.
二、 譯文
在未來不到三十年的時間里，特列克星號的全息艙面即將成為現(xiàn)實。大腦神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)和計算機之間建立起直接的聯(lián)系，這將創(chuàng)造出全方位感受虛擬環(huán)境，使同電影《全部回憶》表現(xiàn)的虛擬假期成為可能。
屆時將會出現(xiàn)由機器人主持的電視談話節(jié)目，以及裝有污染監(jiān)控器的汽車，一旦這些汽車排污超標，監(jiān)控器就會使其停駛。兒童將與裝有個性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有內(nèi)置個性的計算機將被視為工作伙伴而不是工具。人們將在氣味電視機前休閑，屆時數(shù)字化時代就來到了。
依BT 的未來學(xué)家皮爾遜所預(yù)見，這些都屬于新千年前幾十年發(fā)展計劃之列，那時，超級計算機將急劇加速生活各個領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展。
皮爾遜匯集各地數(shù)百位研究人員的成果，編制了一個獨特的新技術(shù)千年歷，它列出了人們有望看到的數(shù)百項重大突破和發(fā)現(xiàn)的最遲日期。一些最重大的發(fā)展將出現(xiàn)在醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域，包括延長人的預(yù)期壽命和數(shù)十種人造器官。這些人造器官從現(xiàn)在到2040年之間將陸續(xù)投入使用。
皮爾遜還預(yù)測了一個人機連接中的一個重大突破。他說，"通過與我們的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)直接相連計算機能夠了解我們的感受，而且也有可能模仿我們的感受，這樣我們就可以創(chuàng)造出全方位的傳感環(huán)境，就像《全面再現(xiàn)》和《星際旅行》中的假期一樣。"但是皮爾遜指出，這個突破僅僅是人機一體化的開始：它是人機一體化漫長之路的第一步，最終會使人們在下個世紀末之前研制出完全電子化的仿真人。
通過研究，皮爾遜能夠預(yù)言大多數(shù)突破的時日。然而，何時能夠進行超光速旅行，何時人類克隆技術(shù)能夠完善，何時時間旅行可以成為可能，他仍未作出預(yù)告。但他的確預(yù)料到技術(shù)進步引起的社會問題。比如，住宅區(qū)附近監(jiān)視器的增加在2010年會引起問題；逼真的機器人將意味著可能無法區(qū)分人類朋友和仿真機器人。家用電器會變得如此智能化，以致控制和操作它們會引發(fā)一種新的心理疾病——廚房狂燥癥。
三、考研核心詞匯
link / liNk / n. 1鏈環(huán)， 連結(jié)物2鏈接 vt. 1連結(jié)2聯(lián)合3挽 vi. 連接起來
[例] A lot of links fitted together form a chain. 許多鏈環(huán)連在一起組成鏈條。
[同義] bridge ，combine， connect， couple ，join ，put together， unite
[派生] linked / liNkt / adj. 連接的， 顯示連環(huán)遺傳的
sensory / 5sensEri / adj. 感覺的， 感官的
[例] sensory nervous system 感覺神經(jīng)系（統(tǒng)）
vacation / vE5keiFEn；vei5keiFEn / n. 1假期， 休假2（房屋等的）騰出 v. <美>度假， 休假
[例] She has gone to Canada on vacation. 她到加拿大去度假。
[同義] holiday ， rest， leave， liberty ，recess ，sabbatical
[派生] vacationist / vE`keIFLnIst，veI- / n. 度假者， 休假者
[固定搭配] on vacation 在度假；vacation at [in] 在……度假
offend / E5fend / v. 1犯罪， 冒犯， 違反2得罪， 使……不愉快
[例] Her words offended me. 她的話傷了我的感情。
[同義] disgust， displease， horrify， hurt， insult ，pain
[反義] defend / di5fend / vt. 防護， 辯護， 防衛(wèi)， [律]作……的辯護律師
[派生] offender / E5fendE / n. 罪犯， 冒犯者
chip / tFip / n. 1碎片2籌碼 v. 1削成碎片， 碎裂 2芯片
[例] The bowl has a chipped edge. 碗邊上有個缺口。
[同義] bit ，break， crack ，crumb， piece
schedule / 5Fedju：l； 5skedVjul / n. 時間表， 進度表 v. 確定時間
[例] The task will be finished ahead of schedule if nothing prevents.
"如果沒有什么阻礙的話，這項任務(wù)將提前完成。"
[同義] enumerate， index， line up， list， post ， program ， slate
[派生] scheduled / 5Fedju：ld / adj. 預(yù)定的
piece / pi：s / n . 1 塊， 件， 片， 篇， 張， 條2硬幣 vt. 接合， 修補， 湊合
[例] piece together the facts 拼湊事實
[同義] bit ，division， part， portion ，section， segment， share
[派生] pieceable / pi：sEbl / adj. 可接合的， 可修補的
unique / ju：5ni：k / adj. 的， 獨特的
[例] That building is unique because all the others like it were destroyed.
那座建筑很獨特，因為所有像它那樣的其他建筑都毀壞了。
[同義] sole ， rare ， matchless
[反義] common / 5kCmEn / adj. 1共同的， 公共的， 公有的， 普通的2庸俗的， 偽劣的 n. [復(fù)][總]平民， 公有， 普通， 共通
[派生] uniquely / ju：5ni：kli / adv. 獨特地，地，珍奇地
simulate / 5simjuleit / vt. 模擬， 模仿， 假裝， 冒充
[例] simulate death 裝死
[同義] pretend ，reproduce
[派生] simulation / 7simju5leiFEn / n. 仿真， 假裝， 模擬
cloning / 5klCniN / n. 無性（繁殖）系化， 純系化
[例] molecular cloning 分子擴增， 分子克隆法
[派生] clone / klEun / n. 無性系， 無性繁殖， 克隆 v. 無性繁殖， 復(fù)制
surveillance / sE：5veilEns / n. 監(jiān)視， 看守， 監(jiān)督， 管制
[例] under surveillance 在管制[監(jiān)視]下
[派生] surveillant / sE：5veilEnt / n. 監(jiān)視者， 監(jiān)督者 adj. 監(jiān)視的， 監(jiān)督的
surveille / sE：5veil / vt. 使受監(jiān)視（或監(jiān)督）， 對…實施監(jiān)視（或監(jiān)督）
synthetic / sin5Wetic / adj. 1合成的2人造的
[例] This synthetic dress material does not crush. 這種合成纖維衣料不會皺。
[同義] artificial ，counterfeit， imitation， man-made， mock， analytic
[反義] analytical / 7AnE5litikEl / adj. 分析的， 解析的
[派生] synthetical / sin5WetikEl / adj. 綜合的， 合成的
synthetize / 5siNWitaiz / v. 綜合， 合成
appliance / E5plaiEns / n. 用具， 器具
[例] kitchen appliance 廚房用具
[同義] tool ， device， implement ，instrument
四、強化練習(xí)
1. Shanghai now is the place where people flock to for business， ________ and to gain an "experience". Each day I am bombarded with friends from all over the world， asking for advice on how to get to shanghai and stay here.
A. flame B. float C. honor D. vacation
2. "This is the last day that I speak to you，" Vieri said. "You can say what you want about me as a player but when you ______ me as a person， well …… I am more of a man than all of you put together." Italy play Bulgaria in Group C on Tuesday.
A. horizon B. hoist C. offend D. offer
3. Enclosed is our preliminary_______ for the conference which will be reviewed in weeks.
A. schedule B. legal C. fabric D. deviation
4. What unites business journalists is the need to_______ together compelling stories from the chaos of commercial life.
A. date B. piece C. deem D. cease
5. As for the marketing mix， we'll package it in gold foil with dark brown lettering to _______ chocolate， and price it 20% higher than our chocolate-covered ice-cream bar.
A. cast B. catch C. simulate D. sip
答案： DCABC
In less than 30 years' time the Star Trek holodeck will be a reality. Direct links between the brain's nervous system and a computer will also create full sensory virtual environments， allowing virtual vacations like those in the film Total Recall.
There will be television chat shows hosted by robots， and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend. Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips， computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools， relaxation will be in front of smell-television， and digital age will have arrived.
According to BT's futurologist， Ian Pearson， these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium（a period of 1，000 years）， when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life.
Pearson has pieced together to work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place. Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine， including an extended life expectancy and dozens of artificial organs coming into use between now and 2040.
Pearson also predicts a breakthrough in computer-human links. "By linking directly to our nervous system， computers could pick up what we feel and， hopefully， simulate feeling too so that we can start to develop full sensory environments， rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck，" he says. But that， Pearson points out， is only the start of man-machine integration ："It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century."
Through his research， Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted. However， there are still no forecasts for when faster-than-light travel will be available， or when human cloning will be perfected， or when time travel will be possible. But he does expect social problems as a result of technological advances. A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will ， for example， cause problems in 2010， while the arrival of synthetic lifelike robots will mean people may not be able to distinguish between their human friends and the robots. And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.
二、 譯文
在未來不到三十年的時間里，特列克星號的全息艙面即將成為現(xiàn)實。大腦神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)和計算機之間建立起直接的聯(lián)系，這將創(chuàng)造出全方位感受虛擬環(huán)境，使同電影《全部回憶》表現(xiàn)的虛擬假期成為可能。
屆時將會出現(xiàn)由機器人主持的電視談話節(jié)目，以及裝有污染監(jiān)控器的汽車，一旦這些汽車排污超標，監(jiān)控器就會使其停駛。兒童將與裝有個性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有內(nèi)置個性的計算機將被視為工作伙伴而不是工具。人們將在氣味電視機前休閑，屆時數(shù)字化時代就來到了。
依BT 的未來學(xué)家皮爾遜所預(yù)見，這些都屬于新千年前幾十年發(fā)展計劃之列，那時，超級計算機將急劇加速生活各個領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展。
皮爾遜匯集各地數(shù)百位研究人員的成果，編制了一個獨特的新技術(shù)千年歷，它列出了人們有望看到的數(shù)百項重大突破和發(fā)現(xiàn)的最遲日期。一些最重大的發(fā)展將出現(xiàn)在醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域，包括延長人的預(yù)期壽命和數(shù)十種人造器官。這些人造器官從現(xiàn)在到2040年之間將陸續(xù)投入使用。
皮爾遜還預(yù)測了一個人機連接中的一個重大突破。他說，"通過與我們的神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)直接相連計算機能夠了解我們的感受，而且也有可能模仿我們的感受，這樣我們就可以創(chuàng)造出全方位的傳感環(huán)境，就像《全面再現(xiàn)》和《星際旅行》中的假期一樣。"但是皮爾遜指出，這個突破僅僅是人機一體化的開始：它是人機一體化漫長之路的第一步，最終會使人們在下個世紀末之前研制出完全電子化的仿真人。
通過研究，皮爾遜能夠預(yù)言大多數(shù)突破的時日。然而，何時能夠進行超光速旅行，何時人類克隆技術(shù)能夠完善，何時時間旅行可以成為可能，他仍未作出預(yù)告。但他的確預(yù)料到技術(shù)進步引起的社會問題。比如，住宅區(qū)附近監(jiān)視器的增加在2010年會引起問題；逼真的機器人將意味著可能無法區(qū)分人類朋友和仿真機器人。家用電器會變得如此智能化，以致控制和操作它們會引發(fā)一種新的心理疾病——廚房狂燥癥。
三、考研核心詞匯
link / liNk / n. 1鏈環(huán)， 連結(jié)物2鏈接 vt. 1連結(jié)2聯(lián)合3挽 vi. 連接起來
[例] A lot of links fitted together form a chain. 許多鏈環(huán)連在一起組成鏈條。
[同義] bridge ，combine， connect， couple ，join ，put together， unite
[派生] linked / liNkt / adj. 連接的， 顯示連環(huán)遺傳的
sensory / 5sensEri / adj. 感覺的， 感官的
[例] sensory nervous system 感覺神經(jīng)系（統(tǒng)）
vacation / vE5keiFEn；vei5keiFEn / n. 1假期， 休假2（房屋等的）騰出 v. <美>度假， 休假
[例] She has gone to Canada on vacation. 她到加拿大去度假。
[同義] holiday ， rest， leave， liberty ，recess ，sabbatical
[派生] vacationist / vE`keIFLnIst，veI- / n. 度假者， 休假者
[固定搭配] on vacation 在度假；vacation at [in] 在……度假
offend / E5fend / v. 1犯罪， 冒犯， 違反2得罪， 使……不愉快
[例] Her words offended me. 她的話傷了我的感情。
[同義] disgust， displease， horrify， hurt， insult ，pain
[反義] defend / di5fend / vt. 防護， 辯護， 防衛(wèi)， [律]作……的辯護律師
[派生] offender / E5fendE / n. 罪犯， 冒犯者
chip / tFip / n. 1碎片2籌碼 v. 1削成碎片， 碎裂 2芯片
[例] The bowl has a chipped edge. 碗邊上有個缺口。
[同義] bit ，break， crack ，crumb， piece
schedule / 5Fedju：l； 5skedVjul / n. 時間表， 進度表 v. 確定時間
[例] The task will be finished ahead of schedule if nothing prevents.
"如果沒有什么阻礙的話，這項任務(wù)將提前完成。"
[同義] enumerate， index， line up， list， post ， program ， slate
[派生] scheduled / 5Fedju：ld / adj. 預(yù)定的
piece / pi：s / n . 1 塊， 件， 片， 篇， 張， 條2硬幣 vt. 接合， 修補， 湊合
[例] piece together the facts 拼湊事實
[同義] bit ，division， part， portion ，section， segment， share
[派生] pieceable / pi：sEbl / adj. 可接合的， 可修補的
unique / ju：5ni：k / adj. 的， 獨特的
[例] That building is unique because all the others like it were destroyed.
那座建筑很獨特，因為所有像它那樣的其他建筑都毀壞了。
[同義] sole ， rare ， matchless
[反義] common / 5kCmEn / adj. 1共同的， 公共的， 公有的， 普通的2庸俗的， 偽劣的 n. [復(fù)][總]平民， 公有， 普通， 共通
[派生] uniquely / ju：5ni：kli / adv. 獨特地，地，珍奇地
simulate / 5simjuleit / vt. 模擬， 模仿， 假裝， 冒充
[例] simulate death 裝死
[同義] pretend ，reproduce
[派生] simulation / 7simju5leiFEn / n. 仿真， 假裝， 模擬
cloning / 5klCniN / n. 無性（繁殖）系化， 純系化
[例] molecular cloning 分子擴增， 分子克隆法
[派生] clone / klEun / n. 無性系， 無性繁殖， 克隆 v. 無性繁殖， 復(fù)制
surveillance / sE：5veilEns / n. 監(jiān)視， 看守， 監(jiān)督， 管制
[例] under surveillance 在管制[監(jiān)視]下
[派生] surveillant / sE：5veilEnt / n. 監(jiān)視者， 監(jiān)督者 adj. 監(jiān)視的， 監(jiān)督的
surveille / sE：5veil / vt. 使受監(jiān)視（或監(jiān)督）， 對…實施監(jiān)視（或監(jiān)督）
synthetic / sin5Wetic / adj. 1合成的2人造的
[例] This synthetic dress material does not crush. 這種合成纖維衣料不會皺。
[同義] artificial ，counterfeit， imitation， man-made， mock， analytic
[反義] analytical / 7AnE5litikEl / adj. 分析的， 解析的
[派生] synthetical / sin5WetikEl / adj. 綜合的， 合成的
synthetize / 5siNWitaiz / v. 綜合， 合成
appliance / E5plaiEns / n. 用具， 器具
[例] kitchen appliance 廚房用具
[同義] tool ， device， implement ，instrument
四、強化練習(xí)
1. Shanghai now is the place where people flock to for business， ________ and to gain an "experience". Each day I am bombarded with friends from all over the world， asking for advice on how to get to shanghai and stay here.
A. flame B. float C. honor D. vacation
2. "This is the last day that I speak to you，" Vieri said. "You can say what you want about me as a player but when you ______ me as a person， well …… I am more of a man than all of you put together." Italy play Bulgaria in Group C on Tuesday.
A. horizon B. hoist C. offend D. offer
3. Enclosed is our preliminary_______ for the conference which will be reviewed in weeks.
A. schedule B. legal C. fabric D. deviation
4. What unites business journalists is the need to_______ together compelling stories from the chaos of commercial life.
A. date B. piece C. deem D. cease
5. As for the marketing mix， we'll package it in gold foil with dark brown lettering to _______ chocolate， and price it 20% higher than our chocolate-covered ice-cream bar.
A. cast B. catch C. simulate D. sip
答案： DCABC