六、不定式
1) to complete a 24-story building in 10 months
（考點(diǎn)：不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)常用it作形式主語(yǔ)放在句首代替不定式，而將不定式移到謂語(yǔ)后面）
2) for us to have a good night’s sleep before the test
（考點(diǎn)：有時(shí)用“介詞for + 代詞/名詞”來(lái)表示不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)整句的謂語(yǔ)描述的對(duì)象是事情，這種情況下謂語(yǔ)中常用的形容詞有：necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right, essential等）
3) of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area
（考點(diǎn)：有時(shí)用“介詞of + 代詞/名詞”來(lái)表示不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)整句的謂語(yǔ)描述的對(duì)象是人，這種情況下謂語(yǔ)中常用的形容詞有：absurd, bold, brave, careful, careless, cowardly, cruel, foolish, generous, good, honest, kind, nice, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong等）
4) not to punish those students who had been late for class
（考點(diǎn)：1. 用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作decide的賓語(yǔ)；2.不定式的否定形式是在to前加not）
（能帶不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：afford, agree, ask, attempt, beg, begin, bother, care, choose, claim, consent, decide, demand, desire, dislike, endeavor, expect, fail, fear, forget, happen, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan, pledge, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, resolve, start, threaten, undertake, venture, volunteer, vow, want, wish）
5) whether to visit their son in France
（考點(diǎn)：“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”作動(dòng)詞wonder的賓語(yǔ)。能以這種結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞通常有ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, forget, guess, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, understand, wonder等）
6) warned me just now not to water flowers at noon
（考點(diǎn)：不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）
7) invited him to give us a lecture on modern art
（考點(diǎn)：同上）
（能帶不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, command, compel, enable, determine, encourage, expect, feel, find, force, get, hate, have, hear, help, inform invite, let, like, make, mean, need, notice, notify, oblige, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, see, send, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, urge, want, warn, watch, wish等。注：劃線(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞后面的不定式不帶to）
8) to be the chairman of students’ union in so large a university
（考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞 + it + 形容詞/名詞 + 不定式。it是形式賓語(yǔ)，不定式是真正賓語(yǔ)）
9) to apply what we have learned in class to practice
（考點(diǎn)：不定式作定語(yǔ)）
（不定式常用作以下名詞/代詞的定語(yǔ)：ability, ambition, anything, attempt, capability, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure, intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right, something, tendency, time, way, wish等）
10) ruined our plan to show the film in the open air
（考點(diǎn)：同上）
11) the decision to build a nuclear power station in the suburbs
（考點(diǎn)：同上）
12) American woman to explore the outer space
（考點(diǎn)：由only, last, next，序數(shù)詞或形容詞級(jí)修飾的名詞常用不定式作定語(yǔ)）
13) only to drop it on their own feet
（考點(diǎn)：不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)）
14) to meet a high school classmate in the mountain village
（考點(diǎn)：不定式作原因狀語(yǔ)）
15) to have taken up so much of your time
（考點(diǎn)：1. 不定式作原因狀語(yǔ)；2. 不定式的完成時(shí)）
16) to be standing in the doorway when he rushed in
（考點(diǎn)：不定式的進(jìn)行式）
17) to be treated as a guest
（考點(diǎn)：不定式的被動(dòng)形式）
18) go to the campus bookstore to buy used books
（考點(diǎn)：不帶to的不定式）
19) but play bridge the whole day
（考點(diǎn)：同上）
20) to wipe our feet on the mat before going into the room
（考點(diǎn)：當(dāng)動(dòng)詞see, make, hear等用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，不定式要保留to）
七、分詞
1) “Happy birthday to you” sung in Italian
（考點(diǎn)：分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）
（catch, discover, feel, find, get, have, hear, keep, leave, make, notice, see, watch等動(dòng)詞常用分詞形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）
2) parked in the fire lane
（考點(diǎn)：分詞作定語(yǔ)）
3) killing thousands upon thousands of people
（考點(diǎn)：分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)）
4) raising the average yield by 15 percent
（考點(diǎn)：同上）
5) trying to deduce its operating principle
（考點(diǎn)：分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)）
6) Seeing that everyone was bending over his/her book
（考點(diǎn)：分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)）
7) Deeply moved by the boy’s deeds
（考點(diǎn)：同上）
8) Seen from the eyes of a young friend
（考點(diǎn)：分詞作方式狀語(yǔ)）
9) Not having heard from his parents for a long time
（考點(diǎn)：1. 分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)；2.分詞的否定形式；3.現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式）
八、動(dòng)名詞
1) Taking a cold bath every day
（考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)）
2) making their daughter do what she didn’t like to do
（考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)）
（下列動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)只能是動(dòng)名詞而不能是不定式：admit, advise, allow, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, dread, encourage, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, can’t help, imagine, keep, mind, miss, permit, postpone, practice, prevent, propose, recall, recollect, resent, resist, risk, can’t stand, stop, suggest）
3) getting our goods into the international market
（考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)）
4) crying over spilled milk
（考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞用于固定結(jié)構(gòu)。動(dòng)名詞經(jīng)常與以下詞組連用：be worth, have difficulty (in), it be no good/use/worthwhile, there be no need/no point in, how/what about, what’s the point of, what’s the use of）
5) having peeked at his neighbor’s test paper
（考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞的完成式）
6) being promoted to manager
（考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式）
九、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法區(qū)別
1) working very hard.
（考點(diǎn)：mean表示“意味著”）
2) to drive there, but his car broke down
（考點(diǎn)：mean表示“打算”）
（類(lèi)似需要區(qū)別的動(dòng)詞還有forget, remember, regret, go on, stop等）
3) talking to his mother
（考點(diǎn)：強(qiáng)調(diào)正在進(jìn)行）
1) to complete a 24-story building in 10 months
（考點(diǎn)：不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)常用it作形式主語(yǔ)放在句首代替不定式，而將不定式移到謂語(yǔ)后面）
2) for us to have a good night’s sleep before the test
（考點(diǎn)：有時(shí)用“介詞for + 代詞/名詞”來(lái)表示不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)整句的謂語(yǔ)描述的對(duì)象是事情，這種情況下謂語(yǔ)中常用的形容詞有：necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right, essential等）
3) of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area
（考點(diǎn)：有時(shí)用“介詞of + 代詞/名詞”來(lái)表示不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)整句的謂語(yǔ)描述的對(duì)象是人，這種情況下謂語(yǔ)中常用的形容詞有：absurd, bold, brave, careful, careless, cowardly, cruel, foolish, generous, good, honest, kind, nice, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong等）
4) not to punish those students who had been late for class
（考點(diǎn)：1. 用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作decide的賓語(yǔ)；2.不定式的否定形式是在to前加not）
（能帶不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：afford, agree, ask, attempt, beg, begin, bother, care, choose, claim, consent, decide, demand, desire, dislike, endeavor, expect, fail, fear, forget, happen, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan, pledge, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, resolve, start, threaten, undertake, venture, volunteer, vow, want, wish）
5) whether to visit their son in France
（考點(diǎn)：“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”作動(dòng)詞wonder的賓語(yǔ)。能以這種結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞通常有ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, forget, guess, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, understand, wonder等）
6) warned me just now not to water flowers at noon
（考點(diǎn)：不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）
7) invited him to give us a lecture on modern art
（考點(diǎn)：同上）
（能帶不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, command, compel, enable, determine, encourage, expect, feel, find, force, get, hate, have, hear, help, inform invite, let, like, make, mean, need, notice, notify, oblige, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, see, send, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, urge, want, warn, watch, wish等。注：劃線(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞后面的不定式不帶to）
8) to be the chairman of students’ union in so large a university
（考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞 + it + 形容詞/名詞 + 不定式。it是形式賓語(yǔ)，不定式是真正賓語(yǔ)）
9) to apply what we have learned in class to practice
（考點(diǎn)：不定式作定語(yǔ)）
（不定式常用作以下名詞/代詞的定語(yǔ)：ability, ambition, anything, attempt, capability, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure, intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right, something, tendency, time, way, wish等）
10) ruined our plan to show the film in the open air
（考點(diǎn)：同上）
11) the decision to build a nuclear power station in the suburbs
（考點(diǎn)：同上）
12) American woman to explore the outer space
（考點(diǎn)：由only, last, next，序數(shù)詞或形容詞級(jí)修飾的名詞常用不定式作定語(yǔ)）
13) only to drop it on their own feet
（考點(diǎn)：不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)）
14) to meet a high school classmate in the mountain village
（考點(diǎn)：不定式作原因狀語(yǔ)）
15) to have taken up so much of your time
（考點(diǎn)：1. 不定式作原因狀語(yǔ)；2. 不定式的完成時(shí)）
16) to be standing in the doorway when he rushed in
（考點(diǎn)：不定式的進(jìn)行式）
17) to be treated as a guest
（考點(diǎn)：不定式的被動(dòng)形式）
18) go to the campus bookstore to buy used books
（考點(diǎn)：不帶to的不定式）
19) but play bridge the whole day
（考點(diǎn)：同上）
20) to wipe our feet on the mat before going into the room
（考點(diǎn)：當(dāng)動(dòng)詞see, make, hear等用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，不定式要保留to）
七、分詞
1) “Happy birthday to you” sung in Italian
（考點(diǎn)：分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）
（catch, discover, feel, find, get, have, hear, keep, leave, make, notice, see, watch等動(dòng)詞常用分詞形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）
2) parked in the fire lane
（考點(diǎn)：分詞作定語(yǔ)）
3) killing thousands upon thousands of people
（考點(diǎn)：分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)）
4) raising the average yield by 15 percent
（考點(diǎn)：同上）
5) trying to deduce its operating principle
（考點(diǎn)：分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)）
6) Seeing that everyone was bending over his/her book
（考點(diǎn)：分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)）
7) Deeply moved by the boy’s deeds
（考點(diǎn)：同上）
8) Seen from the eyes of a young friend
（考點(diǎn)：分詞作方式狀語(yǔ)）
9) Not having heard from his parents for a long time
（考點(diǎn)：1. 分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)；2.分詞的否定形式；3.現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式）
八、動(dòng)名詞
1) Taking a cold bath every day
（考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)）
2) making their daughter do what she didn’t like to do
（考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)）
（下列動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)只能是動(dòng)名詞而不能是不定式：admit, advise, allow, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, dread, encourage, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, can’t help, imagine, keep, mind, miss, permit, postpone, practice, prevent, propose, recall, recollect, resent, resist, risk, can’t stand, stop, suggest）
3) getting our goods into the international market
（考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)）
4) crying over spilled milk
（考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞用于固定結(jié)構(gòu)。動(dòng)名詞經(jīng)常與以下詞組連用：be worth, have difficulty (in), it be no good/use/worthwhile, there be no need/no point in, how/what about, what’s the point of, what’s the use of）
5) having peeked at his neighbor’s test paper
（考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞的完成式）
6) being promoted to manager
（考點(diǎn)：動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式）
九、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法區(qū)別
1) working very hard.
（考點(diǎn)：mean表示“意味著”）
2) to drive there, but his car broke down
（考點(diǎn)：mean表示“打算”）
（類(lèi)似需要區(qū)別的動(dòng)詞還有forget, remember, regret, go on, stop等）
3) talking to his mother
（考點(diǎn)：強(qiáng)調(diào)正在進(jìn)行）