6. The North American buffalo is a case of the near-extinction of a species through hunting.
a case of 在本句中的意思是“一個例子，”相當于“an example of ” 如：
1） This is a case of students cheating on exams. （這就是學生作弊的一個例子。）
2） It is a typical case of misunderstanding.（這就是誤解的典解例子。）
在第九單元中我們已經(jīng)學過case這個詞，請注意掌握與case 有關(guān)的幾個短語：
in any case （無論如何，總之）
in case （假如；以免）
in the case of （就…來說，至于…）
in this case （既然是這樣）
through在句中的意思是“由于，因為”， 相當于because.
1） The mistakes were made through carelessness.（這些錯誤是由于粗心大意造成的。）
2） Many people are hard of hearing through old age.（許多人因年老而聽覺不靈。）
7. But even when the danger is widely publicized， the financial rewards for the hunters may be so great that they choose to ignore the threat to the species.
publicize是個動詞，意思是“宣傳”，在第十七單元中我們已學過這個詞，－ize是一個動詞后綴，通常用在形容詞的后面構(gòu)成動詞。
financial rewards 意思是“賞金”。reward 在本句中作名詞，有時也可作動詞用，如：
1） He offered a reward of 1000 yuan for the finder of his pet dog.（他給拾得他的寵物狗的人酬謝1000元。）
2） His efforts were rewarded by success.（他的努力獲得了成功。）
choose后面接不定式，表示“選定，愿意”，如：
1）He chose to stay there for another week. （他決意在那兒再住一周。）
2）I chose to say nothing about it.（我決意對那件事閉口不談。）
在名詞threat后面用介詞to，表示“對…的威脅”。如：
The clearance of vegetation will be a great threat to the wildlife.（把植被砍伐殆盡對野生動物將是極大的威脅。）
8. And animals are sometimes killed out of a wish to reduce numbers to help the species to survive.
out of 在本句中以及前一個幾句子中的意思是“出于”，如：
1）He was silent out of embarrassment.（他由于窘迫而沉默。）
2）She opened the mail out of curiosity. （她出于好奇打開了郵件。）
句子中前一個動詞不定式to reduce number…在句子中作定語，修飾名詞wish.如：
1） They failed in their attempt to land on the island.（他們在島上登陸的企圖失敗了。）
2） I have no confidence in my ability to fulfil the task.（我對自己完成這項任務(wù)的能力沒有信心。）
句子中的第二個動詞不定式to help the species to survive做目的狀語，相當于so as to或in order to help the species…。如：
1）He worked harder （so as） to catch up with the others.（他更努力地學習以趕上別人。）
2）To achieve the aim， we must learn from others. （為了實現(xiàn)這個目標，我們必須向他人學習。）
9.The killing of the Canadian seals is claimed to be for this purpose， and the use of their skins for furs is only a by-product.
be claimed to 在本句中的意思是“據(jù)說”。如：
He is claimed to have inherited a lot of money.（據(jù)說他繼承了一大筆錢。）
for this purpose 意思是“為這個目的”。如：
1）They decided to have a talk for military purpose. （為了軍事目的，他們決定進行會談。）
2）For this purpose， I gave him all the necessary materials. （為了這個目的，我把所需的材料都給了他。）
請注意掌握與 purpose有關(guān)的一些短語：
on purpose （為了；故意地）
to the purpose （中肯的；合適的）
10. There is always the chance that enough off-spring will be born to return them one day to their natural environment-provided it still exists， and that hunters don't kill them again！
本句中的第一個that引導的是一個同位語從句，對名詞chance做進一步解釋。
Provided在句中做介詞用，相當于if.如：
1）I will give you the money provided you tell me the truth. （如果你說實話，我會給你錢。）
2）He will come to the party provided he has time.（如果有時間他會來參加聚會。）
在詞匯部分我們提到過，口語中常用providing替代provided.
11.But the parks are large， the wardens few and the determination of hunters very great.
本句中，形容詞few和great的前面省去了be 動詞（few 前省去了are ，great 前省去了is），作者是要告訴讀者，公園太大，管理人太少，獵人們的決心太過堅定，因而野生動物的保護問題仍然難得解決。
12.The hunters were armed with modern weapons and several people were killed.
arm在本句中用作動詞，意思是“武裝，裝備”，be armed with意思是“以…裝備起來的”。
1）They believed they would win as they were armed with modern weapons.
（他們堅信自己會贏，因為他們有現(xiàn)代化的武器裝備。）
2）Armed with secretarial skills she will find a job easily.（具備了秘書的技能，她會很容易地找到一份工作。）
13. … and tourism can add to the income of countries.
add to的意思是“增加”，如：
1）The newly built squares add to the beauty of this city.（新建的廣場增加了這座城市的美觀。）
2）Your company adds to the enjoyment of our visit.（有你的陪同，我們這次訪問更加愉快了。）
3）I hope my arrival would not add to your difficulties. （希望我的到來不能增添你們的困難。）
本課主要詞組
1. keep pace with
2. compete with
3. because of
4. at such a rate
5. at surprising speed
6. a case of
7. choose to
8. lead to
9. such as
10.out of existence
11. out of fear
12. be claimed to
13. for this purpose
14. be concerned about
15. under threat of
16. be armed with
17. add to
18. look after
19. in a different form
Text B The Killer Smogs
短語表達
1. be filled with
Her eyes were filled with tears when she told us the story.
The room is filled with boxes of all sizes.
2. wash away
The rich soil was washed away as there were no trees and grass to hold it.
It took her quite a while to wash away the stains on her coat.
3. be caused by
Lung cancer might be caused by excessive smoking.
The accident was caused by the driver's carelessness.
4. be known for
He is known for his wide scope of knowledge.
Scotland is known for its beautiful countryside.
5. combine with
It is necessary to combine theory with practice.
See what will happen if you combine hydrogen with oxygen.
6. prevent from
Bad weather prevented them from going camping.
The terrible noise prevented me from getting a good sleep.
7. pile up
Pile up the books on the table， please.
Don't wait until problems pile up.
8. due to
The train was late due to heavy fog.
Our achievements are due to their help.
9. add to
His explanation added to her annoyance.
More happiness will be added to people's life if you are generous enough to give praise.
a case of 在本句中的意思是“一個例子，”相當于“an example of ” 如：
1） This is a case of students cheating on exams. （這就是學生作弊的一個例子。）
2） It is a typical case of misunderstanding.（這就是誤解的典解例子。）
在第九單元中我們已經(jīng)學過case這個詞，請注意掌握與case 有關(guān)的幾個短語：
in any case （無論如何，總之）
in case （假如；以免）
in the case of （就…來說，至于…）
in this case （既然是這樣）
through在句中的意思是“由于，因為”， 相當于because.
1） The mistakes were made through carelessness.（這些錯誤是由于粗心大意造成的。）
2） Many people are hard of hearing through old age.（許多人因年老而聽覺不靈。）
7. But even when the danger is widely publicized， the financial rewards for the hunters may be so great that they choose to ignore the threat to the species.
publicize是個動詞，意思是“宣傳”，在第十七單元中我們已學過這個詞，－ize是一個動詞后綴，通常用在形容詞的后面構(gòu)成動詞。
financial rewards 意思是“賞金”。reward 在本句中作名詞，有時也可作動詞用，如：
1） He offered a reward of 1000 yuan for the finder of his pet dog.（他給拾得他的寵物狗的人酬謝1000元。）
2） His efforts were rewarded by success.（他的努力獲得了成功。）
choose后面接不定式，表示“選定，愿意”，如：
1）He chose to stay there for another week. （他決意在那兒再住一周。）
2）I chose to say nothing about it.（我決意對那件事閉口不談。）
在名詞threat后面用介詞to，表示“對…的威脅”。如：
The clearance of vegetation will be a great threat to the wildlife.（把植被砍伐殆盡對野生動物將是極大的威脅。）
8. And animals are sometimes killed out of a wish to reduce numbers to help the species to survive.
out of 在本句中以及前一個幾句子中的意思是“出于”，如：
1）He was silent out of embarrassment.（他由于窘迫而沉默。）
2）She opened the mail out of curiosity. （她出于好奇打開了郵件。）
句子中前一個動詞不定式to reduce number…在句子中作定語，修飾名詞wish.如：
1） They failed in their attempt to land on the island.（他們在島上登陸的企圖失敗了。）
2） I have no confidence in my ability to fulfil the task.（我對自己完成這項任務(wù)的能力沒有信心。）
句子中的第二個動詞不定式to help the species to survive做目的狀語，相當于so as to或in order to help the species…。如：
1）He worked harder （so as） to catch up with the others.（他更努力地學習以趕上別人。）
2）To achieve the aim， we must learn from others. （為了實現(xiàn)這個目標，我們必須向他人學習。）
9.The killing of the Canadian seals is claimed to be for this purpose， and the use of their skins for furs is only a by-product.
be claimed to 在本句中的意思是“據(jù)說”。如：
He is claimed to have inherited a lot of money.（據(jù)說他繼承了一大筆錢。）
for this purpose 意思是“為這個目的”。如：
1）They decided to have a talk for military purpose. （為了軍事目的，他們決定進行會談。）
2）For this purpose， I gave him all the necessary materials. （為了這個目的，我把所需的材料都給了他。）
請注意掌握與 purpose有關(guān)的一些短語：
on purpose （為了；故意地）
to the purpose （中肯的；合適的）
10. There is always the chance that enough off-spring will be born to return them one day to their natural environment-provided it still exists， and that hunters don't kill them again！
本句中的第一個that引導的是一個同位語從句，對名詞chance做進一步解釋。
Provided在句中做介詞用，相當于if.如：
1）I will give you the money provided you tell me the truth. （如果你說實話，我會給你錢。）
2）He will come to the party provided he has time.（如果有時間他會來參加聚會。）
在詞匯部分我們提到過，口語中常用providing替代provided.
11.But the parks are large， the wardens few and the determination of hunters very great.
本句中，形容詞few和great的前面省去了be 動詞（few 前省去了are ，great 前省去了is），作者是要告訴讀者，公園太大，管理人太少，獵人們的決心太過堅定，因而野生動物的保護問題仍然難得解決。
12.The hunters were armed with modern weapons and several people were killed.
arm在本句中用作動詞，意思是“武裝，裝備”，be armed with意思是“以…裝備起來的”。
1）They believed they would win as they were armed with modern weapons.
（他們堅信自己會贏，因為他們有現(xiàn)代化的武器裝備。）
2）Armed with secretarial skills she will find a job easily.（具備了秘書的技能，她會很容易地找到一份工作。）
13. … and tourism can add to the income of countries.
add to的意思是“增加”，如：
1）The newly built squares add to the beauty of this city.（新建的廣場增加了這座城市的美觀。）
2）Your company adds to the enjoyment of our visit.（有你的陪同，我們這次訪問更加愉快了。）
3）I hope my arrival would not add to your difficulties. （希望我的到來不能增添你們的困難。）
本課主要詞組
1. keep pace with
2. compete with
3. because of
4. at such a rate
5. at surprising speed
6. a case of
7. choose to
8. lead to
9. such as
10.out of existence
11. out of fear
12. be claimed to
13. for this purpose
14. be concerned about
15. under threat of
16. be armed with
17. add to
18. look after
19. in a different form
Text B The Killer Smogs
短語表達
1. be filled with
Her eyes were filled with tears when she told us the story.
The room is filled with boxes of all sizes.
2. wash away
The rich soil was washed away as there were no trees and grass to hold it.
It took her quite a while to wash away the stains on her coat.
3. be caused by
Lung cancer might be caused by excessive smoking.
The accident was caused by the driver's carelessness.
4. be known for
He is known for his wide scope of knowledge.
Scotland is known for its beautiful countryside.
5. combine with
It is necessary to combine theory with practice.
See what will happen if you combine hydrogen with oxygen.
6. prevent from
Bad weather prevented them from going camping.
The terrible noise prevented me from getting a good sleep.
7. pile up
Pile up the books on the table， please.
Don't wait until problems pile up.
8. due to
The train was late due to heavy fog.
Our achievements are due to their help.
9. add to
His explanation added to her annoyance.
More happiness will be added to people's life if you are generous enough to give praise.