2009年4月29日，中國(guó)駐英國(guó)大使傅瑩應(yīng)牛津大學(xué)學(xué)聯(lián)之邀在牛津大學(xué)發(fā)表題為《中國(guó)是強(qiáng)國(guó)嗎》的演講，200余名牛津?qū)W聯(lián)成員和牛津師生出席。牛津?qū)W聯(lián)是享有世界聲望的辯論協(xié)會(huì)組織，經(jīng)常邀請(qǐng)各國(guó)政要和國(guó)際知名人士前往演講和討論。這是該協(xié)會(huì)成立186年來(lái)第一次邀請(qǐng)中國(guó)政府代表發(fā)表演講。
中國(guó)是強(qiáng)國(guó)嗎？
——在牛津?qū)W聯(lián)的演講
中華人民共和國(guó)駐英國(guó)大使 傅瑩
2009年4月29日
Is China a Power?
Speech by Ambassador Fu Ying at Oxford Union
29 April 2009
迪克森主席， 各位學(xué)聯(lián)的成員們，女士們、先生們：
Corey Dixon, Union Officers and Members, Ladies and Gentlemen,
感謝邀請(qǐng)我發(fā)表演講。
Thank you for inviting me to speak here.
多年前，我在肯特大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)國(guó)際政治的時(shí)候，曾經(jīng)參加了一個(gè)活動(dòng)，其中包括出席牛津的一場(chǎng)辯論會(huì)。記得當(dāng)時(shí)我們提了許多讓演講者很為難的問(wèn)題，現(xiàn)在輪到我來(lái)接受烘烤了。但是我覺(jué)得自己有責(zé)任回來(lái)，為延續(xù)牛津良好的學(xué)術(shù)辯論傳統(tǒng)出一份力。
When I was a student of international politics in Kent University many years ago, I took part in a program which included an Oxford Union debate. I remember we gave the speaker very hard time. Now it’s my turn to be on the grill. But I do feel duty bound to come back to contribute to the good tradition of academic debating in Oxford.
我今天演講的題目是：“中國(guó)是強(qiáng)國(guó)嗎？”
My topic is about China: “is China a power?”
2008年北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)燦爛的煙火，被視為是慶祝中國(guó)成為世界強(qiáng)國(guó)的禮花。英國(guó)皇家國(guó)際問(wèn)題研究所、威爾頓莊園、《金融時(shí)報(bào)》和《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家》，還有不少美國(guó)刊物都在談?wù)撝袊?guó)成為強(qiáng)國(guó)的問(wèn)題。國(guó)際上正在形成中國(guó)已經(jīng)成為世界強(qiáng)國(guó)的共識(shí)。因此，外界對(duì)中國(guó)的一舉一動(dòng)都高度關(guān)注，并且品頭論足。
The splendid fireworks of the Beijing Olympics in 2008 are seen as marking China’s ascendance into world power status. Chatham House, Wilton Park, the Financial Times and economist, together with many American publications are all talking about China as a power. An international consensus is emerging that China is a world power. There is therefore a lot of scrutiny about the rights and wrongs in China and what China should and should not do.
美國(guó)學(xué)者伯格斯滕首先提出中美G2的想法，布熱津斯基也認(rèn)為，中國(guó)在國(guó)際上排名第二，僅次于美國(guó)。歐洲2007年底就有民調(diào)顯示，80%的受訪者認(rèn)為中國(guó)已經(jīng)是僅次于美國(guó)的第二強(qiáng)國(guó)。這些都表明，中國(guó)正在從國(guó)際政治的邊緣轉(zhuǎn)向中心。
FRED BERGSTEN (Director of the Peterson Institute for International Economics) first suggested the idea of G2. Brzezinski believed that China is second only to the United States. A survey in Europe at the end of 2007 echoed his view as 80% of respondents believed China has became the number two world power. Clearly China is moving from the margin to the center of the world politics.
外界對(duì)于中國(guó)將成為什么樣的強(qiáng)國(guó)也經(jīng)常表達(dá)出強(qiáng)烈的關(guān)注。我演講的時(shí)候經(jīng)常碰到這樣的問(wèn)題：隨著中國(guó)的日益強(qiáng)大，中國(guó)是否會(huì)將自己的意志強(qiáng)加于人？
There are some loudly expressed concerns about what kind of power China will become. I am often asked during speech occasions: as China grows stronger, would China impose its will on others?
但是，在中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)，對(duì)“中國(guó)是強(qiáng)國(guó)嗎”這個(gè)問(wèn)題有著完全不同的看法。大部分中國(guó)人認(rèn)為，中國(guó)還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有達(dá)到強(qiáng)國(guó)的地位，一個(gè)流行的說(shuō)法是，外界在“忽悠”中國(guó)。
But, is China a power? The response of the Chinese people is very different. Most of them see China still as a developing country. A popular saying in Chinese is “HuYou” 忽悠 (meaning sweeping China off its feet).
今年1月，我在中國(guó)大使館舉辦了一場(chǎng)討論會(huì)，參加的有140多人，除了外交官，還有常駐倫敦的中資企業(yè)人士和記者。大家圍繞中國(guó)的國(guó)際地位問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了熱烈的討論，這是我經(jīng)歷過(guò)最熱烈的一場(chǎng)中國(guó)人之間的辯論了。
Last January, I hosted a debate in my Embassy. The topic was China’s international status. About 140 people came, including embassy diplomats, business people and journalists stationed in London. It was the most heated debate I’ve had with my fellow Chinese.
一位年輕人首先發(fā)言說(shuō)，中國(guó)是世界居二的國(guó)家，排位僅次于美國(guó)。在場(chǎng)的大部分人不贊成他的意見(jiàn)，人們紛紛發(fā)言，列舉各種數(shù)字和存在的問(wèn)題，以說(shuō)明中國(guó)只是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家。當(dāng)我問(wèn)到，有誰(shuí)贊同他的意見(jiàn)時(shí)，只有4個(gè)人舉起手來(lái)，加上他是5個(gè)人。也就是說(shuō)，140個(gè)人中不到4%的人與布熱津斯基對(duì)中國(guó)的判斷持相同的看法。
A young man kicked off the debate by saying that China is a world power second only to the US. He was challenged by almost the whole crowd. People spoke one after another, citing statistics and problems in China to argue that we are just another developing country. I then asked, who would agree with him? I saw only four hands up. It means only five people, including the gentleman himself were of the view, or less than 4% of the participants shared Brzezinski’s perception.
我于是問(wèn)，大家認(rèn)為哪個(gè)國(guó)家在世界上排名第二位？人們毫不猶豫地說(shuō)，是俄羅斯。我又問(wèn)：哪個(gè)國(guó)家排第三？回答：德國(guó)。第四？英國(guó)。問(wèn)到第五的時(shí)候，大概有一半的人提到可能是法國(guó)，一半的人說(shuō)可以是中國(guó)了。
Then I asked the crowd: which country do you think is the No 2 power in the world? They answered almost without hesitation,“Russia”. “Which is the third?”“Germany.”“The fourth?”“Great Britain.” When it came to the fifth, some said France some said it could be China.
當(dāng)然，大家也認(rèn)為這樣簡(jiǎn)單的排列是不準(zhǔn)確的，各國(guó)的地位和處境是一個(gè)非常復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題。但是，這個(gè)討論在一定程度上能反映中國(guó)人的心態(tài)。中國(guó)和外界對(duì)這一問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)了兩種截然不同的認(rèn)識(shí)，孰是孰非？很顯然，兩方面的觀點(diǎn)都能找到事實(shí)依據(jù)。
Though such generalized way of ranking cannot be an accurate reflection of the complex positions and circumstances of different countries. Yet this discussion can reflect the general thinking of the Chinese people. Are we right， and is the world wrong? There are clearly facts to support both arguments.
多年前，鄧小平在介紹中國(guó)的時(shí)候，曾經(jīng)用“既大又小、既強(qiáng)又弱”的表述來(lái)說(shuō)明中國(guó)的特點(diǎn)。今天的中國(guó)仍然如此。外界往往看到中國(guó)大和強(qiáng)的一面，而在國(guó)內(nèi)，我們對(duì)國(guó)家存在的弱點(diǎn)和面臨的挑戰(zhàn)看得更清楚一些。
Many years ago, when Mr. Deng Xiaoping was summarizing about China with an international visitor, he said, China was both “big and small, strong and weak”. This still remains true of today’s China. People outside China seem tend to see the big and strong aspects of China, while inside China, we are more aware of its weaknesses and challenges.
中國(guó)是強(qiáng)國(guó)嗎？
——在牛津?qū)W聯(lián)的演講
中華人民共和國(guó)駐英國(guó)大使 傅瑩
2009年4月29日
Is China a Power?
Speech by Ambassador Fu Ying at Oxford Union
29 April 2009
迪克森主席， 各位學(xué)聯(lián)的成員們，女士們、先生們：
Corey Dixon, Union Officers and Members, Ladies and Gentlemen,
感謝邀請(qǐng)我發(fā)表演講。
Thank you for inviting me to speak here.
多年前，我在肯特大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)國(guó)際政治的時(shí)候，曾經(jīng)參加了一個(gè)活動(dòng)，其中包括出席牛津的一場(chǎng)辯論會(huì)。記得當(dāng)時(shí)我們提了許多讓演講者很為難的問(wèn)題，現(xiàn)在輪到我來(lái)接受烘烤了。但是我覺(jué)得自己有責(zé)任回來(lái)，為延續(xù)牛津良好的學(xué)術(shù)辯論傳統(tǒng)出一份力。
When I was a student of international politics in Kent University many years ago, I took part in a program which included an Oxford Union debate. I remember we gave the speaker very hard time. Now it’s my turn to be on the grill. But I do feel duty bound to come back to contribute to the good tradition of academic debating in Oxford.
我今天演講的題目是：“中國(guó)是強(qiáng)國(guó)嗎？”
My topic is about China: “is China a power?”
2008年北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)燦爛的煙火，被視為是慶祝中國(guó)成為世界強(qiáng)國(guó)的禮花。英國(guó)皇家國(guó)際問(wèn)題研究所、威爾頓莊園、《金融時(shí)報(bào)》和《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家》，還有不少美國(guó)刊物都在談?wù)撝袊?guó)成為強(qiáng)國(guó)的問(wèn)題。國(guó)際上正在形成中國(guó)已經(jīng)成為世界強(qiáng)國(guó)的共識(shí)。因此，外界對(duì)中國(guó)的一舉一動(dòng)都高度關(guān)注，并且品頭論足。
The splendid fireworks of the Beijing Olympics in 2008 are seen as marking China’s ascendance into world power status. Chatham House, Wilton Park, the Financial Times and economist, together with many American publications are all talking about China as a power. An international consensus is emerging that China is a world power. There is therefore a lot of scrutiny about the rights and wrongs in China and what China should and should not do.
美國(guó)學(xué)者伯格斯滕首先提出中美G2的想法，布熱津斯基也認(rèn)為，中國(guó)在國(guó)際上排名第二，僅次于美國(guó)。歐洲2007年底就有民調(diào)顯示，80%的受訪者認(rèn)為中國(guó)已經(jīng)是僅次于美國(guó)的第二強(qiáng)國(guó)。這些都表明，中國(guó)正在從國(guó)際政治的邊緣轉(zhuǎn)向中心。
FRED BERGSTEN (Director of the Peterson Institute for International Economics) first suggested the idea of G2. Brzezinski believed that China is second only to the United States. A survey in Europe at the end of 2007 echoed his view as 80% of respondents believed China has became the number two world power. Clearly China is moving from the margin to the center of the world politics.
外界對(duì)于中國(guó)將成為什么樣的強(qiáng)國(guó)也經(jīng)常表達(dá)出強(qiáng)烈的關(guān)注。我演講的時(shí)候經(jīng)常碰到這樣的問(wèn)題：隨著中國(guó)的日益強(qiáng)大，中國(guó)是否會(huì)將自己的意志強(qiáng)加于人？
There are some loudly expressed concerns about what kind of power China will become. I am often asked during speech occasions: as China grows stronger, would China impose its will on others?
但是，在中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)，對(duì)“中國(guó)是強(qiáng)國(guó)嗎”這個(gè)問(wèn)題有著完全不同的看法。大部分中國(guó)人認(rèn)為，中國(guó)還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有達(dá)到強(qiáng)國(guó)的地位，一個(gè)流行的說(shuō)法是，外界在“忽悠”中國(guó)。
But, is China a power? The response of the Chinese people is very different. Most of them see China still as a developing country. A popular saying in Chinese is “HuYou” 忽悠 (meaning sweeping China off its feet).
今年1月，我在中國(guó)大使館舉辦了一場(chǎng)討論會(huì)，參加的有140多人，除了外交官，還有常駐倫敦的中資企業(yè)人士和記者。大家圍繞中國(guó)的國(guó)際地位問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了熱烈的討論，這是我經(jīng)歷過(guò)最熱烈的一場(chǎng)中國(guó)人之間的辯論了。
Last January, I hosted a debate in my Embassy. The topic was China’s international status. About 140 people came, including embassy diplomats, business people and journalists stationed in London. It was the most heated debate I’ve had with my fellow Chinese.
一位年輕人首先發(fā)言說(shuō)，中國(guó)是世界居二的國(guó)家，排位僅次于美國(guó)。在場(chǎng)的大部分人不贊成他的意見(jiàn)，人們紛紛發(fā)言，列舉各種數(shù)字和存在的問(wèn)題，以說(shuō)明中國(guó)只是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家。當(dāng)我問(wèn)到，有誰(shuí)贊同他的意見(jiàn)時(shí)，只有4個(gè)人舉起手來(lái)，加上他是5個(gè)人。也就是說(shuō)，140個(gè)人中不到4%的人與布熱津斯基對(duì)中國(guó)的判斷持相同的看法。
A young man kicked off the debate by saying that China is a world power second only to the US. He was challenged by almost the whole crowd. People spoke one after another, citing statistics and problems in China to argue that we are just another developing country. I then asked, who would agree with him? I saw only four hands up. It means only five people, including the gentleman himself were of the view, or less than 4% of the participants shared Brzezinski’s perception.
我于是問(wèn)，大家認(rèn)為哪個(gè)國(guó)家在世界上排名第二位？人們毫不猶豫地說(shuō)，是俄羅斯。我又問(wèn)：哪個(gè)國(guó)家排第三？回答：德國(guó)。第四？英國(guó)。問(wèn)到第五的時(shí)候，大概有一半的人提到可能是法國(guó)，一半的人說(shuō)可以是中國(guó)了。
Then I asked the crowd: which country do you think is the No 2 power in the world? They answered almost without hesitation,“Russia”. “Which is the third?”“Germany.”“The fourth?”“Great Britain.” When it came to the fifth, some said France some said it could be China.
當(dāng)然，大家也認(rèn)為這樣簡(jiǎn)單的排列是不準(zhǔn)確的，各國(guó)的地位和處境是一個(gè)非常復(fù)雜的問(wèn)題。但是，這個(gè)討論在一定程度上能反映中國(guó)人的心態(tài)。中國(guó)和外界對(duì)這一問(wèn)題出現(xiàn)了兩種截然不同的認(rèn)識(shí)，孰是孰非？很顯然，兩方面的觀點(diǎn)都能找到事實(shí)依據(jù)。
Though such generalized way of ranking cannot be an accurate reflection of the complex positions and circumstances of different countries. Yet this discussion can reflect the general thinking of the Chinese people. Are we right， and is the world wrong? There are clearly facts to support both arguments.
多年前，鄧小平在介紹中國(guó)的時(shí)候，曾經(jīng)用“既大又小、既強(qiáng)又弱”的表述來(lái)說(shuō)明中國(guó)的特點(diǎn)。今天的中國(guó)仍然如此。外界往往看到中國(guó)大和強(qiáng)的一面，而在國(guó)內(nèi)，我們對(duì)國(guó)家存在的弱點(diǎn)和面臨的挑戰(zhàn)看得更清楚一些。
Many years ago, when Mr. Deng Xiaoping was summarizing about China with an international visitor, he said, China was both “big and small, strong and weak”. This still remains true of today’s China. People outside China seem tend to see the big and strong aspects of China, while inside China, we are more aware of its weaknesses and challenges.