四六級語法詞匯3

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關(guān)于dare的意義和用法  作為情態(tài)動詞表示“膽敢”,dare通常只用于否定陳述句和疑問句。例如:  I dare not go there.  How dare he say such rude things about me?  dare作為情態(tài)助動詞沒有過去式形式,其否定式為daren‘t,既可指現(xiàn)在時間,也可指過去時間。例如:  Tom wanted to come, but he daren‘t.  dare還可用主動詞,隨后的不定式可帶to,也可不帶to.例如:  He does not dare (to) answer.  Does she dare (to) go there alone?  近義詞辨析  besides, but, except, except for  這組詞均含有“除…外”的意思?! esides “除…外,還有…”,指更進一步的擁有,包括所“除”事物在內(nèi)。  Have you got any clothes besides these?除了這些衣服你還有別的嗎?  but不包括所引事物在內(nèi),多與nothing, not anything, nobody, nowhere, all, anybody等連用。  He has nobody but himself to blame for that.那件事他沒法指責別人,只能怪他自己。  except不包括所引事物。常與no, none, nothing等否定詞或all,everyone, everything等連用,但不可用于句首。  They all went to the Summer Palace except one.除一人之外他們都去了頤和園。  except for常指除去所引情況讓人稍感遺憾之外,整體情況尚屬理想,被除去的事物與正在談及的事物之間不具有共同屬性或性質(zhì)。  The roads were clear except for a few cars.除幾輛小汽車外,路面很空曠?! ∪婺M試題  1. The bank is reported in the local newspaper ______ in broad daylight yesterday.  A. to be robbed B. robbed   C. to have been robbed D. having been robbed  2. ______ before, his first performance for the amateur dramatic group was a success.  A. Though having never acted   B. As he had never acted   C. Despite he had never acted   D. In spite of his never having acted  3. By the middle of the 21st century, the vast majority of the world‘s  population ______ in cities rather than in the country.  A. are living B. will be living   C. have lived D. will have lived  4. Mr. Milton prefers to resign ______ part in such dish   onest business deals.  A. than take B. than to take   C. rather than take D. rather than to take  5. No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything ______ going on in the world.  A. it is B. as is C. there is D. what is  6. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _____ a sudden loud noise.  A. being there B. should there be   C. there was D. there have been  7. Bit by bit , a child makes the necessary changes to make his language ______。  A. as other people B. as other people‘s   C. like other people D. like other people‘s  8. Clothing made of plastic fibres has certain advantages over ______  made of natural fibres like cotton, wool, or silk.  A. one B. the one C. that D. what  9. The treasury issued an order stating that ______ lan   d purchased from the government had to be paid for in gold and silver.  A. henceforth B. moreover C. whereby D. however  10. The students expected there ______ more reviewing classes before the final exams.  A. is B. being C. have been D. to be  11. It was during summer breaks that we first taste the satisfaction work that ______ into hard currency.  A. translates B. transfers   C. transplants D. transmits  12. In some cases, your instructor may tell you the topics ______  or may give you a choice of topics to write about.  A. in advance B. ahead of C. above all D. right away     13. It was the driver‘s ______ that caused him to step   on the gas instead of the brake after his car went over the curb.  A. fraud B. alarm C. terror D. panic  14. Danny left this ______ message on my answering machine:  “I must see you. Meet me at twelve o‘clock.” Did he mean noon or midnight?  A. ambiguous B. responsible  C. implicit D. thoughtful  15. We looked for a table to sit down, but they were all ______。  A. reserved for B. engaged in   C. used up D. taken up  16. She will have to find somewhere else to work, for she can‘t ______ this loud noise any longer.  A. come up with B. catch up with   C. keep up with D. put up with  17. Tom ______ his new job with confidence.  A. set out B. set off C. set up D. set about  18. The truck driver was fined for exceeding the speed ______。  A. range B. limit C. rule D. regulation  19. The crippled Jack proudly walked with a ______ to the platform to join the children.  A. jump B. limp C. hop D. jog  20. He cannot ______ a car, for he does not earn much money.  A. obtain B. afford C. donate D. consume  21. The message is clear: Just as tea and banana cant‘t go together, _________ should the son of a lowclass family expect to marry the daughter of a nobleman.  A. either B. not C. neither D. nor  22. Though ______ rich, she was better off than at any   other period in her life.  A. by means of B. within her means   C. by all means D. by no means  23. It is a(n) ______ attitude to take towards life.  A. absurd B. silly C. stupid D. authentic  24. Every year, one student in our high school wins a scholarship that ______ one year of college.  A. improves B. subsidizes C. obliges D. inflicts  25. He wrote the book in ______ with his wife.  A. proportion B. installment   C. correspondence D. collaboration  試題答案與解析  1. C) 「句意」據(jù)當?shù)貓蠹垐蟮?,那家銀行昨天在光天化日下遭到搶劫。  「難點」動詞不定式的完成式做主語的補足語,說明不定式的行為發(fā)生在謂語動作之前。  2. D) 「句意」雖然他以前從未表演過,但他  為業(yè)余劇團做的首次表演還是很成功。  「難點」in spite of意為“盡管,雖然”,后接名詞或名詞性短語,引導(dǎo)出來狀語。選項A  ?。]有主語或邏輯主語,選項B)是原因狀語從句,選項C)的despite不能引導(dǎo)狀語從句,因為  它是介詞。  3. B) 「句意」到二十一世紀中葉,世界上大  多數(shù)人口將生活在城市而不是農(nóng)村。  「難點」因為時間狀語by the middle of the 21st century指的是將來  ,所以選將來進行時。  4. C) 「句意」米爾先生寧愿辭職也不參加這  種不誠實的商業(yè)交易。  「難點」prefer意為“寧愿”,其后接名詞或動詞不定式;prefer to do   sth. r   ather than do sth.意為“寧愿…而不愿…”,rather than后接不帶to的不定式。  5. C) 「句意」大家都沒有時間去讀或去聽有  關(guān)世界上正在發(fā)生的一切事件的描述。  「難點」在以there be為謂語動詞的定語從句中,如關(guān)系代詞作主語,則  關(guān)系代詞便可省略。  6. B) 「句意」如果突然出現(xiàn)巨大的噪音,這  些動物真的有可能受到驚嚇。  「難點」該句是一個省略if的倒裝的虛擬條件句,可還原為“if there should be……”。  7. D) 「句意」一點一點地,兒童就會將自己  的語言作些必要的修改,而使之與他人的語言相像。  「難點」as和like都可以表示“像…一樣”,但as是連詞,后跟從句,like是介詞,后跟名詞或名詞性短語。  8. C) 「句意」用塑料纖維制成的衣服比用棉  花、羊毛或絲綢等天然纖維制成的衣服有些優(yōu)勢。  「難點」clothing是衣服、被褥的總稱,不能用one或the one來指代。wh   at相當于“先行詞+that”,后邊要接從句。所以只能用that指代clothing.  9. A) 「句意」財政部發(fā)布命令,從即日起,  向政府購買土地須以金、銀支付。  「難點」henceforth意為“從今以后”,符合題意要求?! —ぁ ?0. D) 「句意」學生們期望期末考試前能有更  多的復(fù)習課。  「難點」動詞expect后必須接動詞不定式作其賓語,因此,只有D)為正確。  11. A) 「句意」暑假期間,我們第嘗到了  把勞動變成貨幣的滋味。  「難點」translate意為“變換,把…轉(zhuǎn)化成”;transfer意為“移交,  遷移“;transplant意為”移植(器官)“;transmit意為”傳染(疾病),傳達(知識)“。  12. A) 「句意」在有些情況下,你的導(dǎo)師會事  先告訴你題目或把題目給你由你選寫。  「難點」in advance意為“事先,預(yù)先”;ahead of意為“在…之前  “;above all意為”尤其,重要的是“;right away意為”立刻;馬上“。  13. D) 「句意」車上了馬路邊后,司機由于驚  慌,沒踩剎車,卻踩了油門。  「難點」panic意為“驚慌,慌亂”;fraud意為“欺騙,騙局”;alarm   意為“警報”;terror意為“恐怖”。  14. A) 「句意」丹尼在我們回答機上留下一條  模棱兩可的信息:“我必須見你。12點來接我。”他是說中午還是半夜?  「難點」ambiguous意為“模棱兩可的;含糊的”;responsible意為“負  責的“;implicit意為”暗含的“;thoughtful意為”沉思的,思考的“。  15. D) 「句意」我們要找個桌子坐下,可是所  有餐桌都已有人。  「難點」take up意為“占去(時間、地方、注意力等)”;reserve for意  為“為…留  出,保留“;engage in意為”從事;參加“;use up意為”用完,用光;耗盡“。  16. D) 「句意」她將不得不去別處找工作,因  為她再也不能忍受這么大的噪音。  「難點」put up with意為“忍受,容忍”;come up with意為“(針對問  題、挑戰(zhàn))提出,想  出“;catch up with意為”趕上“;keep up with意為”跟上(人、潮流、形勢等)“。  17. D) 「句意」湯姆滿懷信心地投入新的工作。  「難點」set about意為“開始;著手”;set out意為“開始”,常與as   , in, on連用;set off意為“(使)做某事”;set up意為“開業(yè),開始經(jīng)商”。  18. B) 「句意」卡車司機因超速而被罰款。  「難點」limit意為“限制;界限”;range意為“(知識、知覺、聽覺等  的)范圍  “;regulation意為”規(guī)定,規(guī)則“;rule和regulation是近義詞,意為”規(guī)定,規(guī)章“。    19. B) 「句意」跛腳的杰克充滿自豪,一顛一  跛地走上臺,加入孩子們的行列。  「難點」limp意為“跛行”;jump意為“跳,躍”;hop意為“(人們)單  足跳“;jog意為”慢跑;緩行“。  20. B) 「句意」他買不起小汽車,因為他掙錢  不多。  「難點」afford意為“買得起”;obtain意為“得到,獲得”;donate意  為“捐,贈”;consume意為“消耗,耗盡”。  21. C) 「句意」這是明擺著的事:就像茶葉和  香蕉不相搭配一樣,下層階級家庭的兒子也不可能指望娶一個貴族的女兒。  「難點」neither用于否定句之后,意為“…亦不…”;either用于否定  句,意為“(二者之  中的)任何一方都(不)…“;nor意為”…也不…(置于否定句之后)“;not在本句中說  不通。  22. D) 「句意」雖談不上有錢,但她目前的境  況比以往任何時候都要好。  「難點」by no means意為“一點也不…”;by means of意為“用,依靠  “;within one‘s means不是固定短語;by all means意為”無論如何,務(wù)必“。  23. A) 「句意」這是一種荒唐的生活態(tài)度。  「難點」absurd意為“荒唐的;滑稽可笑的”;silly意為“   傻的;愚蠢的“;stupid意為”笨的,麻木的“;authentic意為”可靠的;真誠的;真的“  24. B) 「句意」每年,我們學校會有一名同學  獲得一筆獎學金作為一年的大學生活補貼。  「難點」subsidize意為“給…津貼;資助”;improve意為“改進,改善  “;oblige意為”施恩惠于,幫…忙“;inflict意為”予以(打擊);使遭受(損傷,苦痛等)“。  25. D) 「句意」他和妻子合作寫了一本書。  「難點」collaboration意為“合作;協(xié)作”,in collaboration with為  固定搭配;proportion意為“比例”;installment意為“分期付款”;correspondence意為“符合;一致”。