exercise l
capitalize and punctuate the following:
1.the man’s papers betty found in the attic established his identity it henry bedell company d 11th vermont volunteers 30 years old
2.it was clear that dad could do no more than he was doing already farming 80 acres in addition to holding a fulltime job
3.now i’m coming to the most important point but what are you doing over there
4.rain snow sleet fog would not trouble the underground world
5.during the summer the resort is crowded with tourists during the winter only sea gulls walk the beach
6.to a certain extent mankind encumbers the earth
7.1ike most wild life deer reproduce grow and store fat in the summer and fall
8.the big fellow was jim thorpe the greatest american athlete of modern times
9.the asparagus were enormous juicy and appetising
10.i was sure our four kids educated about the west through movies would be disappointed
11.i wouldn’t mark a painting or a statue its soul so to speak is inseparable from its beauty
12.the participants of the singing contest included students teachers doctors businessmen factory workers people from all walks of life
13.is it possible that someday we may seek to add further to our comfort and security by building our houses underground in new man-made caves
14.i answered by correspondence that i would meet her at beijing hotel on thursday
15.passengers may have one of the four beverages coffee tea milk or soda
16.present at the meeting were mr ho chairman of the english department mr brown a visiting scholar from denmark and all the professors and lecturers who had taught us
17.the suspicion of deceit undercuts the work of many doctors who are scrupulously honest with their patients it contributes to the spiral of law suits and of defensive medicine
18.his slight acquaintance with them he had met them only once made him hesitate to ask them for help
(二)并列句中的標(biāo)點(diǎn)用法
1) 逗號+并列連詞
the clock was old , yet it was in excellent condition.
there was little formality in class , but mr stone never had to discipline us.
注：ⅰ)在較短的句子中，逗號可以省略。例如：
many are called but few are chosen.
然而有時(shí)單個(gè)詞后面也需用標(biāo)點(diǎn)，否則表示不同的句意。例如：
again , we lost our way. (而且我們迷路了。)
again we lost our way. (我們又一次迷路。)
ⅱ)有兩個(gè)以上分句時(shí)，前幾個(gè)分句之間用逗號，最后兩個(gè)分句之間用逗號加連詞。例如：
the night wind died down , night closed in , the moon came out , and lights came on in the scattered houses.
2) 分號
they live on the first floor ; we live on the second. (對比)
everyone was late ; the snow had caused a traffic jam. (補(bǔ)充說明)
3) 分號+連接性副詞+逗號
we didn’t like the choice ; however , we had to accept it.
we didn’t know what to do ; therefore , we did nothing.
適用于這種情況的連接性副詞還有：consequently，furthermore，moreover，nevertheless等。
注：ⅰ)連接性副詞位于句末時(shí)，前面一般用逗號，后面用句號。例如：
the new seats in the auditorium are more comfortable; the acoustics are worse , however.
ⅱ) 連接性副詞也放在句首，后面用逗號。例如：
i hadn’t read the test very carefully. therefore , i was surprised that i had done so well.
i hadn’t read the test very carefully ; therefore , i was surprised that i had done so well.
ⅲ) then 和thus后面不用逗號。例如：
the ice cracked and split ; then that boy sank into the bone-chilling water.
exercise 2
punctuate the following sentences:
1.the plan won’t work for there are too many things wrong with it.
2.the bus broke down as a result we were late for work.
3.martin left a note it said he would be late.
4.this is a new watch yet it doesn’t work.
5.jim was very tired so he went right off to sleep.
6.business was booming consequently the company needed more workers.
7.the sky was bright blue with a few white clouds in it and it was a beautiful day for the picnic.
8.the dining hall is nice looking the food however is terrible.
9.attendance is compulsory the students have no choice therefore.
10.some people put cream and sugar in their coffee others prefer it black.
11.space exploration is costly nevertheless we must continue to spend money on space travel if we are to learn about our universe.
12.astronauts are affected by weightlessness moreover they are also affected by boredom and loneliness.
exercise 3
correct punctuation mistakes in each sentence by adding a semicolon or a full stop, or a comma plus a suitable coordinating conjunction:
1.unmanned space probes (探測器) eliminate the risk of death, furthermore, they cost much less than manned space flight.
2.praise is like sunlight, we cannot flower or grow without it.
3.it was may, snow still lay under the branches of the thick pines.
4.the price of serious illness has risen drastically(大幅度地)in recent years, for example some hospital rooms now cost a hundred pounds a day.
5.john is short and quiet, his roommate is tall and talkative.
6.the window kept banging all night, i couldn’t sleep a wink.
7.reckless (魯莽的) drivers would be severely punished, in fact they should lose their drivers’ permits for at least six months.
8.jim liked to sample different kinds of food, i fixed some chinese food for him.
9.methods of studying vary, what works well for some students doesn’t work at all for others.
10.philip was watching tv, marie was upstairs on the phone.
(三)直接引語句的標(biāo)點(diǎn)用法
1) 引述動詞位于句首
引述動詞+逗號/冒號+引語。例如：
jim said: “i swim for an hour every day. ”
tom said to his brother, “put your toys away. mom will be back soon.’’
2) 引述動詞位于句中
引語+逗號/驚嘆號/問號+引述動詞+逗號/句號+引語
引語的第一部分若是一個(gè)完整句子，引語第二部分句首用大寫字母，引述動詞后用句號。例如：
“just tell the boys to get busy, ” their father instructed. “they’re college men. they’ll do what they have to do.’’
“no! no!” i cried. “you can’t sell my books.”
如果引語的第一部分不是完整句子，則引語的第二部分以小寫字母開始，引述動詞后用逗號。例如：
“you sir, ” king gustav of sweden told thorpe, “are the greatest athlete in the world.’’
3) 引述動詞位于句末
引語+逗號/問號/驚嘆號+引述動詞。例如：
一“what offence?” i asked.
一“theft, ” the policeman said.
“what a beautiful view!” she exclaimed.
4) 引語句子在句末
引語句子位于句末，其標(biāo)點(diǎn)即為全句標(biāo)點(diǎn)。例如：
all he can say in english is “how do you do?”
did you see the words “are you happy?”
上面兩句不能寫成：
* all he can say in english is “how do you do?”.
* did you see the words “are you happy?”?
exercise 4
correct the punctuation mistakes in the following sentences. if a sentence is correct as it stands, write c at its end:
1.“on friday” the teacher announced: “we’ll take up a new lesson.’’
2.“what?” he asked? “do we have to prepare for the camping trip”?
3.“how was your day?” i enquired. “great!” i enthused.
4.he greets everyone with “hi”.
5.“you may think i have a lot of garbage in these bags.” one shopping-bag lady volunteered in a church soup kitchen. “but it’s everything i need.”
6.who wrote “you fools!” on the blackboard?
7.“it pains me,” i said. “to find that you both have been panhandling so long that it no longer embarrasses you.’’
8.retirement often brings many problems surrounding the “what do i do with myself” question? even though there may be no financial worries.
capitalize and punctuate the following:
1.the man’s papers betty found in the attic established his identity it henry bedell company d 11th vermont volunteers 30 years old
2.it was clear that dad could do no more than he was doing already farming 80 acres in addition to holding a fulltime job
3.now i’m coming to the most important point but what are you doing over there
4.rain snow sleet fog would not trouble the underground world
5.during the summer the resort is crowded with tourists during the winter only sea gulls walk the beach
6.to a certain extent mankind encumbers the earth
7.1ike most wild life deer reproduce grow and store fat in the summer and fall
8.the big fellow was jim thorpe the greatest american athlete of modern times
9.the asparagus were enormous juicy and appetising
10.i was sure our four kids educated about the west through movies would be disappointed
11.i wouldn’t mark a painting or a statue its soul so to speak is inseparable from its beauty
12.the participants of the singing contest included students teachers doctors businessmen factory workers people from all walks of life
13.is it possible that someday we may seek to add further to our comfort and security by building our houses underground in new man-made caves
14.i answered by correspondence that i would meet her at beijing hotel on thursday
15.passengers may have one of the four beverages coffee tea milk or soda
16.present at the meeting were mr ho chairman of the english department mr brown a visiting scholar from denmark and all the professors and lecturers who had taught us
17.the suspicion of deceit undercuts the work of many doctors who are scrupulously honest with their patients it contributes to the spiral of law suits and of defensive medicine
18.his slight acquaintance with them he had met them only once made him hesitate to ask them for help
(二)并列句中的標(biāo)點(diǎn)用法
1) 逗號+并列連詞
the clock was old , yet it was in excellent condition.
there was little formality in class , but mr stone never had to discipline us.
注：ⅰ)在較短的句子中，逗號可以省略。例如：
many are called but few are chosen.
然而有時(shí)單個(gè)詞后面也需用標(biāo)點(diǎn)，否則表示不同的句意。例如：
again , we lost our way. (而且我們迷路了。)
again we lost our way. (我們又一次迷路。)
ⅱ)有兩個(gè)以上分句時(shí)，前幾個(gè)分句之間用逗號，最后兩個(gè)分句之間用逗號加連詞。例如：
the night wind died down , night closed in , the moon came out , and lights came on in the scattered houses.
2) 分號
they live on the first floor ; we live on the second. (對比)
everyone was late ; the snow had caused a traffic jam. (補(bǔ)充說明)
3) 分號+連接性副詞+逗號
we didn’t like the choice ; however , we had to accept it.
we didn’t know what to do ; therefore , we did nothing.
適用于這種情況的連接性副詞還有：consequently，furthermore，moreover，nevertheless等。
注：ⅰ)連接性副詞位于句末時(shí)，前面一般用逗號，后面用句號。例如：
the new seats in the auditorium are more comfortable; the acoustics are worse , however.
ⅱ) 連接性副詞也放在句首，后面用逗號。例如：
i hadn’t read the test very carefully. therefore , i was surprised that i had done so well.
i hadn’t read the test very carefully ; therefore , i was surprised that i had done so well.
ⅲ) then 和thus后面不用逗號。例如：
the ice cracked and split ; then that boy sank into the bone-chilling water.
exercise 2
punctuate the following sentences:
1.the plan won’t work for there are too many things wrong with it.
2.the bus broke down as a result we were late for work.
3.martin left a note it said he would be late.
4.this is a new watch yet it doesn’t work.
5.jim was very tired so he went right off to sleep.
6.business was booming consequently the company needed more workers.
7.the sky was bright blue with a few white clouds in it and it was a beautiful day for the picnic.
8.the dining hall is nice looking the food however is terrible.
9.attendance is compulsory the students have no choice therefore.
10.some people put cream and sugar in their coffee others prefer it black.
11.space exploration is costly nevertheless we must continue to spend money on space travel if we are to learn about our universe.
12.astronauts are affected by weightlessness moreover they are also affected by boredom and loneliness.
exercise 3
correct punctuation mistakes in each sentence by adding a semicolon or a full stop, or a comma plus a suitable coordinating conjunction:
1.unmanned space probes (探測器) eliminate the risk of death, furthermore, they cost much less than manned space flight.
2.praise is like sunlight, we cannot flower or grow without it.
3.it was may, snow still lay under the branches of the thick pines.
4.the price of serious illness has risen drastically(大幅度地)in recent years, for example some hospital rooms now cost a hundred pounds a day.
5.john is short and quiet, his roommate is tall and talkative.
6.the window kept banging all night, i couldn’t sleep a wink.
7.reckless (魯莽的) drivers would be severely punished, in fact they should lose their drivers’ permits for at least six months.
8.jim liked to sample different kinds of food, i fixed some chinese food for him.
9.methods of studying vary, what works well for some students doesn’t work at all for others.
10.philip was watching tv, marie was upstairs on the phone.
(三)直接引語句的標(biāo)點(diǎn)用法
1) 引述動詞位于句首
引述動詞+逗號/冒號+引語。例如：
jim said: “i swim for an hour every day. ”
tom said to his brother, “put your toys away. mom will be back soon.’’
2) 引述動詞位于句中
引語+逗號/驚嘆號/問號+引述動詞+逗號/句號+引語
引語的第一部分若是一個(gè)完整句子，引語第二部分句首用大寫字母，引述動詞后用句號。例如：
“just tell the boys to get busy, ” their father instructed. “they’re college men. they’ll do what they have to do.’’
“no! no!” i cried. “you can’t sell my books.”
如果引語的第一部分不是完整句子，則引語的第二部分以小寫字母開始，引述動詞后用逗號。例如：
“you sir, ” king gustav of sweden told thorpe, “are the greatest athlete in the world.’’
3) 引述動詞位于句末
引語+逗號/問號/驚嘆號+引述動詞。例如：
一“what offence?” i asked.
一“theft, ” the policeman said.
“what a beautiful view!” she exclaimed.
4) 引語句子在句末
引語句子位于句末，其標(biāo)點(diǎn)即為全句標(biāo)點(diǎn)。例如：
all he can say in english is “how do you do?”
did you see the words “are you happy?”
上面兩句不能寫成：
* all he can say in english is “how do you do?”.
* did you see the words “are you happy?”?
exercise 4
correct the punctuation mistakes in the following sentences. if a sentence is correct as it stands, write c at its end:
1.“on friday” the teacher announced: “we’ll take up a new lesson.’’
2.“what?” he asked? “do we have to prepare for the camping trip”?
3.“how was your day?” i enquired. “great!” i enthused.
4.he greets everyone with “hi”.
5.“you may think i have a lot of garbage in these bags.” one shopping-bag lady volunteered in a church soup kitchen. “but it’s everything i need.”
6.who wrote “you fools!” on the blackboard?
7.“it pains me,” i said. “to find that you both have been panhandling so long that it no longer embarrasses you.’’
8.retirement often brings many problems surrounding the “what do i do with myself” question? even though there may be no financial worries.