When a human infant is born into any community in any part of the world it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them __1__
have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and most __2__
obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful
capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing __3__
the new born child can do to ensure his own survival. Without care from some
other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a
child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked
contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within __4__
minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young
animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth, __5__
compared with the human infant, they very quickly develop the capacity to
fend for them. __6__
It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally
dependent on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all __7__
other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason,
biologists now suggest that language be “ species specific” to the human race, __8__
that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in __9__
such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that just __10__
as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just
as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they
are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as
well-formed human beings.
參考答案及解析:
1 在any infant 中間加other
在比較一物與他物,一人與他人的異同時(shí),必須從比較對(duì)象中排除該物或該人.
2 將have改為has
該謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)為neither,所以要使用單數(shù)形式.
3 將pay改為draw/call/attract/elicit
這里要表達(dá)的是 “引起注意”.
4 將on改為to
get/ rise/ spring to one’s feet 作 “起身,站起來(lái)”將.
5 in risk 改為 in danger 或者 at risk
6 將them 改為themselves
根據(jù)上下文,我們可以看出,這里需要一個(gè)代詞來(lái)作 fend for 的賓語(yǔ).
7 刪除定冠詞the
8 將be 改為is
在這里suggest 作 “認(rèn)為,提出看法,暗示說(shuō)”講,不作 “建議”講, 因此,不可使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣.
9 講genetic改為genetically
這里副詞genetically 修飾過(guò)去分詞programmed.
10 在such way 中間加入a
名詞way為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),因此前面要使用不定冠詞.