2013年雅思考試:雅思閱讀的句子片段詳解(1)

字號(hào):


    The consumer research manager for Mintel, Angela Hughes, said it (environmental consumerism) has become firmly established as a mainstream market. She explained that as far as the average person is concerned environmentalism has not‘gone off the boil’. In fact, it has spread across a much wider range of consumer groups, ages and occupations.”
    “gone off the boil”這種表達(dá)只用于英國(guó)。許多說英語的人也不會(huì)了解,考試者可能也是同樣。但如前一個(gè)例子一樣,上下文可能幫助我們了解它的意思。
    在密切關(guān)注連接詞及它前后的詞后,我們可以猜測(cè)它的意思。詞組“in fact”就是好線索。例如在此句中,“in fact”讓我們了解到我們所期待的情況并未發(fā)生。相反,出現(xiàn)的是生態(tài)消費(fèi)主義(environmental consumerism—估譯)的增長(zhǎng)。那么,期待發(fā)生的又是什么呢?一定是對(duì)生態(tài)消費(fèi)主義興趣的衰退。不必完全懂得“off the boil”的含義,我們現(xiàn)在也知道它意味著對(duì)環(huán)境問題關(guān)注的減退。
    這一方法不僅可應(yīng)用于口語化的表達(dá)方法。每當(dāng)我們看到“but”,“however”,“on the other hand”,及“instead”,我們就知道前面論述的內(nèi)容遭到了抵觸或否定。當(dāng)我們看到“as well”,“in addition”,及“moreover”時(shí),后面是支持前面的論述。密切留意句中的選詞。上下文是關(guān)鍵。應(yīng)用此法則,文章就會(huì)變得清晰起來。
    C.答案是什么――熱點(diǎn)
    列表、調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)、試驗(yàn)結(jié)果、數(shù)字,數(shù)據(jù)和其它此類信息就是雅思考試的“熱點(diǎn)”。換句話說,一旦我們的考試時(shí)遇到這樣的東西,就應(yīng)立即注意。這些將是我們找到特定問題答案的工具。一般而言,雅思考試要求你做的僅僅是重復(fù)它給出的信息。沒有必要記住這些信息。它們太多了。我們所要做的只是找出它們。同樣,在尋找的過程中,有幾種提高速度的特定方法。
    首先,我們可以利用數(shù)字或符號(hào)(如?、etc.)。閱讀文章時(shí)這些東西會(huì)很醒目使你很容易的定位。當(dāng)你看到一個(gè)問題中提到了“,000”,現(xiàn)在你就會(huì)了解文章中的答案也應(yīng)在此數(shù)字的前后。如果你找到了這個(gè)數(shù)字,你也就找到了此問題的答案。這一事實(shí)使熱點(diǎn)尤為重要。例如,一個(gè)問題中提到了 “1937”,這一數(shù)據(jù)可以在文中被輕松找到。在這一數(shù)據(jù)旁邊,你就可以找到答案。這一方法之所以這么有效,是因?yàn)檠潘伎荚囍械膯栴}往往很細(xì)節(jié)化。
    以下面的片斷為例:
    “The changing awareness has been most marked in English-speaking countries,swheresthe revelation has gradually dawned that by no means everyone in the world knows English well enough to negotiate in it. This is especially a problem when English is not an official language of public administration, as in most parts of the Far East, Russia, Eastern Europe, the Arab world, Latin America and French-speaking Africa.”