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2021考研英語(yǔ)：必考核心詞匯練習(xí)六
vigorous
a.朝氣蓬勃的，精力旺盛的
【例】Optimists expect a vigorous rebound as confidence returns, pent-up demand is unleashed and massive government stimulus takes effect.樂(lè)觀人士預(yù)計(jì)在信心回穩(wěn)、抑制的需求得到釋放以及政府大規(guī)模刺激方案取得成效的情況下，經(jīng)濟(jì)會(huì)有力的反彈。
【構(gòu)詞】vigor(活力)+-ous(形容詞詞綴)→有活力的
【同義替換】robust, strong
【派生】vigorously ad.有活力地
【真題】Reform has been vigorously opposed, perhaps most notoriously in education, where charter schools, academies and merit pay all faced drawn-out battles.
改革一直遭到強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)，最讓人驚訝的可能就是在教育業(yè)，其中的特許學(xué)校、學(xué)會(huì)和績(jī)效工資都面臨著持久的斗爭(zhēng)。
scheme
n.計(jì)劃，方案;陰謀;配置 v.計(jì)劃，策劃;陰謀
【例】It was reported that the banks had decided to drop the POST scheme.據(jù)報(bào)道，銀行決定擱置銷(xiāo)貨點(diǎn)終端機(jī)方案。
【同義替換】conspiracy, plot
【派生】schemer n.策劃陰謀的人 scheming a.常搞陰謀詭計(jì)的
【真題】As an increasing number of traffic regulation schemes are devised, the poor bewildered driver finds himself diverted and forced into one-way systems which cause even greater delays than the traffic jams they are supposed to prevent.
由于設(shè)定了更多的交通調(diào)整方案，飽受困擾的可憐司機(jī)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被強(qiáng)制要求改道適用單行線，這造成了比原來(lái)更嚴(yán)重的交通堵塞。
superficial
a.表面的;膚淺的，淺薄的
【例】She has only a superficial knowledge of the subject.她對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題真是略懂皮毛。
【構(gòu)詞】super-(上)+fic(做)+ -ial→在上面做的→表面的
【同義替換】ostensible, shallow, unsophisticated
【派生】superficially ad.表面地;膚淺地 superficiality n.表面;膚淺
【真題】The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition.
很多美國(guó)人不經(jīng)意表現(xiàn)的友好不應(yīng)被看做表面或虛假的應(yīng)酬，而應(yīng)該看成是文化傳統(tǒng)的歷史發(fā)展結(jié)果。