(7)many和much的用法：
many意思是“很多”,與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)連用;much意思是“很多”,與不可數(shù)名詞連用。它們?cè)诰渲锌勺髦髡Z(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)等。如：I don’t have many friends here.(在這里我沒(méi)有很多的朋友。) /Many died in the bus accident.(許多人在公交車(chē)禍中喪失) / We can learn much with the help of him.(在他的幫助之下我們能學(xué)到很多)
many和much一般用于否定句,肯定句中通常用a lot of 或者lots of; many / much用于肯定句時(shí)可以在前面加上so、very或too.如： There are a lot of people on the playground.(操場(chǎng)上有許多的人)/ They haven’t got much work to do.(他們沒(méi)有多少事情可做) / There are too many people in the room.(房間里人太多了。)
(8)few、little、a few、a little的用法：
few、little意思是“很少幾個(gè)”、“幾乎沒(méi)有”,有否定的意思,a few、a little意思是“有幾個(gè)”、“有些”,有肯定的意思 ;few、a few與可數(shù)名詞連用或代替可數(shù)的事物, little、a little與不可數(shù)名詞連用或代替不可數(shù)的事物。它們?cè)诰渲锌勺髦髡Z(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。如：
He is very poor and he has little money.(他很窮,幾乎沒(méi)有什么錢(qián)。) / Don’t worry. There is still a little time left.(別著急,還有一點(diǎn)兒時(shí)間呢。) / In that polar region there live few people.(在那個(gè)極地地區(qū)幾乎不住人) / You can get a few sweets from him.(你可以從他那兒弄到一些糖果)
(9)復(fù)合不定代詞somebody ,something ,anything, nothing ,everything, everybody等是由some , any ,no ,every, 加上body, thing 構(gòu)成的,叫做復(fù)合不定代詞,在句子中當(dāng)單數(shù)使用。
somebody, something, someone 一般用于肯定句中;anything, anybody,anyone一般用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中。修飾復(fù)合不定代詞的定語(yǔ),應(yīng)放在它們的后面。如：Hey,Lily. There is someone outside the door.(嗨,麗麗,門(mén)外有人。) /Di(每個(gè)人)d you meet anyone when you came to school last Sunday?(上個(gè)星期天你來(lái)學(xué)校時(shí)見(jiàn)到什么人了嗎?)/He has nothing much to do today.(他今天沒(méi)有多少事情做)
(10)one與ones用來(lái)代替上文的一個(gè)或多個(gè)人或事物,前面可以加冠詞、形容詞、指示代詞、which等。如： Which jacket would you like, this one or that one?(你要哪件夾克,這件還是那件? / I don’t like the green ones.(我不喜歡綠色的那些)
(11)so可以代替一件事情,作句子的賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。如： I don’t think so.(我認(rèn)為不是這樣的。) / He lost a book. So did I.(他丟失了一本書(shū),我也是。)
(12)a lot of、lots of、a number of( /large numbers of)、a great deal of、plenty of的區(qū)別：五個(gè)“名詞+介詞”短語(yǔ)都表示“大量,許多”,a lot of(或lots of)既可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,可以相應(yīng)地?fù)Q為much和many;plenty of“足夠、大量”,既可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 a number of / large numbers of只可以修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式(它修飾的詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式)可以換為some、many、a lot of、plenty of。 a great deal of只可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞(它修飾的詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式)可以換為much。
如：A lot of people think that time is money.(許多的人認(rèn)為時(shí)間就是金錢(qián)。) / I don’t have to do it in a hurry because I have plenty of time.(我用不著趕忙,因?yàn)槲矣谐渥愕臅r(shí)間。) / I have a number of letters to write today.(今天我有好多信要寫(xiě)) / I spend a great deal of time/money on shopping.(在購(gòu)物方面我花費(fèi)了大量的時(shí)間/金錢(qián)。)
(13)none、no one、nobody的區(qū)別：no one和nobody都表示“沒(méi)有人”,僅指人,后面不跟of 短語(yǔ),作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式;none表示“沒(méi)有一個(gè)人/物”,可指人也可以指物,后面可跟of短語(yǔ),作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)可用單數(shù)也可用復(fù)數(shù)。如：No one knows how he managed to get the ticket.(沒(méi)有人知道他是怎樣搞到那張票的) / Nobody handed in his/their composition(s) yesterday.(昨天沒(méi)有一個(gè)人交作文。) / None of my friends came to see me that day.(那天沒(méi)有一個(gè)朋友來(lái)看我。)
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