高二年級必修五英語知識點總結(jié)

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    1.高二年級必修五英語知識點總結(jié)
    1. 作原因狀語,等于as / since / because 引導(dǎo)從句
    Moved by what she said ,we couldn’t help crying . = ( As we are moved by what she said
    2. 作時間狀語,等于when 引導(dǎo)時間從句,如果分詞表示的動作與謂語的動作同時發(fā)生,可在分詞前加when/ while / until 等使時間意義更明確。 When heated , water can be changed into steam .
    Seen from the hill ,the park looks very beautiful .= ( When the park is seen from the hill
    3. 作條件狀語等于 if / whether 引導(dǎo)從句
    Given more attention , the cabbages could have grown better .= ( If they have been given more attention
    Compared with you , we still have a long way to go = ( If we are compared with you
    4. 作方式或伴隨狀語
    The actress came in , followed by her fans . She sat by the window , lost in thought .
    5. 作讓步狀語
    Much tired ,he still kept on working .=(Although he was tired ,) he ….
    6. 獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu): 當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語不是主句主語時,分詞可以有自己獨立的邏輯主語,這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。常用來表示伴隨情況。 The boy rushed into the classroom , his face covered with sweat . All things considered ,your article is of great value than hers .
    2.高二年級必修五英語知識點總結(jié)
    主語從句不可位于句首的五種情況
    (1) if引導(dǎo)的主語從句不可居于復(fù)合句句首。
    (2) It is said , (reported) …結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如:
    It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week.
    (3) It happens…, It occurs… 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如:
    It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.
    (4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如:
    It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not..
    (5) 含主語從句的復(fù)合句是疑問句時,主語從句不可提前。例如:
    Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?
    3.高二年級必修五英語知識點總結(jié)
    倒裝句:
    一、here, there, now, then, thus 等副詞置于句首, 謂語動詞常用 be, come, go, lie, run。
    There goes the bell. 鈴聲響了。
    Then came the chairman.主席來了。
    Here is your letter. 你的信。
    二、否定詞置于句首,句子應(yīng)進(jìn)行倒裝。 neither 放句首
    Tod can't swim, neither can I. 托德不會游泳,我也不會。
    用于 never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, often, at no time, not only, not once, many a time 等詞開頭的句子。
    Never shall I go there again. 我再也不去那了。
    Little did he know who the woman was.他基本上不知道那女人是誰。
    Seldom was he late for class.他很少上學(xué)遲到。
    用于 no sooner ... than ..., hardly... when... 和 not until... 的句型中
    Hardly had I reached the station when the train left. 我剛到車站,火車就離開了。
    No sooner had she gone out than the phone rang. 她剛離開,電話就響了。
    Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework. 直到老師來,他才完成作業(yè)。
    4.高二年級必修五英語知識點總結(jié)
    【現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時】
    1. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的定義
    現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時表示某動作從過去某個時間開始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并且還有可能持續(xù)下去。如:
    We have been waiting for him for two hours. 我們等他等了兩個小時。
    2. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的結(jié)構(gòu)
    現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時由“have /has been + 現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。
    3. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的應(yīng)用
    現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時所用的時間狀語:this month / week / year, these days, recently / lately, in the past few + 時間段, since +時間點, for + 時間段。如:
    They have been building the bridge for two month. 兩個月來他們一直在修橋。
    They have been planting trees this month. 這個月來他們一直在植樹。
    4. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別
    (1) 現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)動作的完成,而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時強調(diào)動作的延續(xù),因此,表示動作的完成,只能用現(xiàn)在完成時,而不能用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。如:
    He has changed his idea. 他改變了想法。
    (2) 在表示動作的延續(xù)時,雖然既可用現(xiàn)在完成時,也可用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時,但現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時強調(diào)動作的進(jìn)行。因此在需要明確表示動作還要持續(xù)下去時,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。如:
    We have been studying here for two years. 我們在這兒已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了兩年了。
    (3) 有些延續(xù)性動詞(如 keep, learn, live, stay, study, work等),用于現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的區(qū)別不大。如:
    I have lived here for many years.=I have been living here for many years. 我在這兒住了多年了。
    5.高二年級必修五英語知識點總結(jié)
    表示時間的介詞
    (1) in表示“在某一時間段”或“在某一時候”,如用在月、季、年份、時代、世紀(jì)等時間名詞的前面,或用來泛指一天的某一段時間。in也可以指“在……之后”,表示從說話起的若干時間內(nèi)。
    如: in July/summer/20xx/ancient times
    The bus will be here in ten minutes.
    (2) on表示“在特定的某一天”,也可用于帶有修飾語的.一天的某個時間段之前。如:on Saturday, on Saturday morning, on the morning of August 1st
    (3) at表示“在某一時間點”,或用來表示不確定的時間和短期的假日、時節(jié)等。
    如:at six o'clock, at Easter
    (4) over, through (out)兩者均指“經(jīng)過的全部時間”。
    如:Stay over the Christmas.
    (5) for與since:for表示動作或狀態(tài)延續(xù)的全部時間長度,為“長達(dá)……”之意;since用于指從過去特定的某個時刻到說話時為止的一段時間;含有since時間短語的句子要用完成時,但含有for時間短語的句子不一定要用完成時。
    6.高二年級必修五英語知識點總結(jié)
    assist
    vt.&vi.幫助;援助;參與;出席
    常用結(jié)構(gòu):
    assist sb. in/with sth.幫助(某人)某事
    assist sb. in doing sth.幫助(某人)做某事
    assist sb. to do sth.幫助(某人)做某事
    assist with幫助(照料,做);在……上給予幫助
    I am willing to assist you whenever there is an opportunity.
    有機會我愿隨時幫你。
    I’m afraid I can’t assist you, you have to go and see the manager.我恐怕幫不上忙,你得去找經(jīng)理。
    The headmaster assists with a lot of things when free.
    有空時校長會幫忙做很多事。