新托?？谡Z(yǔ)考試有時(shí)候只有45秒鐘的時(shí)間，所以絕對(duì)不允許考生次地反復(fù)閱讀某個(gè)句子，即使碰到難懂的句子也是如此。以下是整理的托?？谡Z(yǔ)的五大語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，歡迎閱讀！
1.托?？谡Z(yǔ)的五大語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤
1、時(shí)態(tài)
時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤可以算語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤中低級(jí)而又不易發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種了。它的低級(jí)是因?yàn)闀r(shí)態(tài)是所有考生在筆頭上都已掌握的很好，但一轉(zhuǎn)到口頭上，就很難保持了。
2、there be句型與have/has混雜使用
這一問(wèn)題的出現(xiàn)，要?dú)w罪于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的there be句型，如There has been a big change in my hometown.有許多考生在記住這個(gè)句子之后在想表示"有"這個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候都，往往會(huì)把there be與have/has同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一句話中，而句子的含義并非想表達(dá)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：There have many wild animals in my country. 而正確的說(shuō)法為T(mén)here are many wild animals in my country.或My country has many wild animals.
3、形容詞比較級(jí)與高級(jí)
在形容詞變比較級(jí)與高級(jí)時(shí)，只有三個(gè)音節(jié)以上(含三個(gè)音節(jié))的形容詞才需要加more或the most，其他的形容詞都是直接加er或者去y變ier的規(guī)則變化，但是有的考生在作答時(shí)極易忽略該形容詞是否規(guī)則變化，而想當(dāng)然的再三音節(jié)以下的形容詞前加more或the most。如：It's more easy for me to find a job with this major. 而正確的說(shuō)法為：It's easier for me to find a job with this major.
4、形容詞ing與ed的區(qū)別
你可能可以熟練的背出ing是形容一件事或一種東西，ed是形容人"這一口訣，但是你敢肯定自己在作答中不會(huì)犯這種錯(cuò)誤碼?看以下幾組形容詞：interesting與interested;exciting與excited;surprising與surprised。
5、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)忽略成分
有些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的搭配是固定的，只有把短語(yǔ)完整的說(shuō)全的情況下才可以接之后的名詞，但許多考生很容易忽視這一點(diǎn)。如：listen to, go to，look forward to, pay attention to等等。所以我們要在練習(xí)中盡可能的回憶當(dāng)時(shí)學(xué)校課堂上所交的那些口訣，來(lái)確保每一個(gè)說(shuō)出的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)不會(huì)遺忘任何成分。
2.托?？谡Z(yǔ)如何有效精讀
精讀可不是你以前那種走馬觀花、似懂非懂式的讀法，它要求你對(duì)文章有全面且細(xì)致的把握進(jìn)而達(dá)到一種“內(nèi)化”的程度。托?？谡Z(yǔ)備考精讀的3個(gè)步驟：
第一步：大致了解文章背景后通讀全文，了解文章大意。這里主要包括文章的主旨、作者的寫(xiě)作意圖、觀點(diǎn)結(jié)論等。通讀的時(shí)候不需要過(guò)于細(xì)致，只要“盲目”地去欣賞就好了。不論你在乎的是人物、情節(jié)還是其他元素，先一口氣讀完再說(shuō)。如果你一開(kāi)始就忙著查生詞，那就沒(méi)辦法進(jìn)行了。所以通讀的時(shí)候切忌盲目查單詞，遇到不懂的單詞可以采取聯(lián)系上下文進(jìn)行猜測(cè)的方式。
第二步：了解文章結(jié)構(gòu)，逐段進(jìn)行分析。逐段進(jìn)行閱讀要求找出每段的topic sentences或者是key words，這樣能幫助理解每段的大意。然后你就要去分析作者的寫(xiě)作方法和寫(xiě)作策略了。比如說(shuō)，作者用的是欲揚(yáng)先抑的手法嗎?作者有幾個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，每個(gè)觀點(diǎn)都是怎么論證的?是作比較、列數(shù)字還是打比方或者別的?
第三步：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)用表達(dá)。讀第三遍的時(shí)候，目標(biāo)就更細(xì)化了。這時(shí)要注重句子和詞匯，知道每個(gè)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)是什么樣的，里面有哪些有用的短語(yǔ)和詞匯。在這個(gè)階段，你可以盡情地去查單詞了，盡力弄懂每個(gè)單詞。
3.托?？谡Z(yǔ)精讀注意事項(xiàng)
1、如果你是英語(yǔ)專業(yè)的學(xué)生，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，大學(xué)的精讀課上，老師在講解文章的時(shí)候由于時(shí)間有限，通常會(huì)省略掉他/她覺(jué)得沒(méi)有必要處理的部分，去關(guān)注她覺(jué)得重要的。但是作為個(gè)人，你應(yīng)該有自糾自查的過(guò)程。你要了解自己的短板在哪里。比如說(shuō)，如果你總是分不清句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，你可以把每種結(jié)構(gòu)的句子挑一個(gè)出來(lái)，進(jìn)行具體的分析，然后再到文章中去印證。比如我剛開(kāi)始的時(shí)候分不清定語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)比分析再到閱讀中不斷檢驗(yàn)的方法之后，現(xiàn)在這兩種句子在我看來(lái)沒(méi)什么迷惑性了。所以，只有你加長(zhǎng)了短板，你才能不斷進(jìn)步。
2、關(guān)于精讀的量。精讀完一本原版小說(shuō)顯然不現(xiàn)實(shí)，耗時(shí)巨大而且容易產(chǎn)生倦怠感，久了很可能會(huì)半途而廢。要知道，大學(xué)的精讀課上，一周也才上一篇文章而已。對(duì)于基礎(chǔ)沒(méi)有那么好的同學(xué)，建議一周研究透徹1000-1500詞的文本即可，當(dāng)然，這個(gè)文本的生詞不宜過(guò)多。
4.托?？谡Z(yǔ)題目分析
Women could and did play a part in this process of settlement. Iceland, for instance, was uninhabited, and a permanent population could only be established if women also made the journey there. (后一句的具體事例為前一句提供說(shuō)明與解釋。)
People borrowed more and more money so that they could buy these shares. Because of this, the American people started to believe that share prices could only go up further. (“because of”明顯的因果關(guān)系)
Astronomy is a science that deals with all the celestial bodies in the universe. Astronomy includes the study of plan and their satellites, com and meteors, stars and interstellar matter, star systems and clusters. (后一句是對(duì)前一句celestial bodies 的進(jìn)一步解釋)
Previously it was believed that due to the Archaeopteryx’s (始祖鳥(niǎo)) underdeveloped anatomy, it would not have been able to fly. However, research by the London Natural History Museum into its brain developed and that it had good vision and a good sense of balance —all the requirements for a creature to be able to fly. (“However”轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比)
閱讀時(shí)，我們可以根據(jù)段落中出現(xiàn)的一些信號(hào)詞(Signal Words)來(lái)判斷句子與句子之間的關(guān)系，掌握段落發(fā)展線索，來(lái)調(diào)整閱讀速度，提高閱讀質(zhì)量。
5.托?？谡Z(yǔ)的信號(hào)詞
1.顯示相同信息的信號(hào)詞
There has been an upsurge of interest in chamber music. Likewise opera is receiving a boost from increased record sales.'
“l(fā)ikewise”這一信號(hào)詞顯示了前面所提到的idea后面還要再出現(xiàn)。因此，閱讀時(shí)見(jiàn)到這樣的信號(hào)詞無(wú)須放慢閱讀速度。這樣的信號(hào)詞還包括：
and, furthermore, more, than, that, also, likewise, moreover, in addition, what is more, for instance, for example
2.顯示思路轉(zhuǎn)折的信號(hào)詞
I’d like to go but I’m too busy.
“but”前后是完全不同的信息描述，它向讀者顯示了作者的思路在這里有了轉(zhuǎn)折。閱讀時(shí)，碰到這樣的信號(hào)詞我們需放慢閱讀速度，以準(zhǔn)確獲取作者真正想要說(shuō)明的意思。這類信號(hào)詞還有：
although, however, on the contrary, but, in spite of, otherwise, despite, nevertheless, yet
3.顯示因果關(guān)系的信號(hào)詞
As a result of the pilots’ strike, all flights have had to be cancelled.
All flights have had to be cancelled as a result of the pilots’ strike.
所有航班被取消的原因是因?yàn)轱w行員們的罷工;飛行員們的罷工導(dǎo)致了所有的航班不得不被取消。顯示因果關(guān)系的信號(hào)詞還有：
for, thus, because, for this reason, so, therefore, as, since, consequently
4.顯示順序的信號(hào)詞
Internet speeds communication between companies, among co-workers through video-conferences, and among other individuals. First, media companies use the Internet for online news, or to broadcast audio and video, including live radio and television pr**rams, while individuals use the Internet for communication, entertainment, finding information, buying and selling goods and services. Second, the notion of distance disappears thanks to the Internet. People also enjoy instant messaging to exchange text messages or pictures in real time, with real-time video and sound. Finally, scientists and scholars use the Internet to perform research, distribute lecture notes or course materials to students, they communicate with colleagues, and can also publish papers and articles.
托?？谡Z(yǔ)題目抓住了這樣的信號(hào)詞就把握住了作者敘述的順序，也就分清了相對(duì)獨(dú)立的論據(jù)。這樣的信號(hào)詞包括：
first, second, third, and so on, then, after, before, next, last, afterward, finally
1.托?？谡Z(yǔ)的五大語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤
1、時(shí)態(tài)
時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤可以算語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤中低級(jí)而又不易發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種了。它的低級(jí)是因?yàn)闀r(shí)態(tài)是所有考生在筆頭上都已掌握的很好，但一轉(zhuǎn)到口頭上，就很難保持了。
2、there be句型與have/has混雜使用
這一問(wèn)題的出現(xiàn)，要?dú)w罪于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的there be句型，如There has been a big change in my hometown.有許多考生在記住這個(gè)句子之后在想表示"有"這個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候都，往往會(huì)把there be與have/has同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一句話中，而句子的含義并非想表達(dá)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：There have many wild animals in my country. 而正確的說(shuō)法為T(mén)here are many wild animals in my country.或My country has many wild animals.
3、形容詞比較級(jí)與高級(jí)
在形容詞變比較級(jí)與高級(jí)時(shí)，只有三個(gè)音節(jié)以上(含三個(gè)音節(jié))的形容詞才需要加more或the most，其他的形容詞都是直接加er或者去y變ier的規(guī)則變化，但是有的考生在作答時(shí)極易忽略該形容詞是否規(guī)則變化，而想當(dāng)然的再三音節(jié)以下的形容詞前加more或the most。如：It's more easy for me to find a job with this major. 而正確的說(shuō)法為：It's easier for me to find a job with this major.
4、形容詞ing與ed的區(qū)別
你可能可以熟練的背出ing是形容一件事或一種東西，ed是形容人"這一口訣，但是你敢肯定自己在作答中不會(huì)犯這種錯(cuò)誤碼?看以下幾組形容詞：interesting與interested;exciting與excited;surprising與surprised。
5、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)忽略成分
有些動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的搭配是固定的，只有把短語(yǔ)完整的說(shuō)全的情況下才可以接之后的名詞，但許多考生很容易忽視這一點(diǎn)。如：listen to, go to，look forward to, pay attention to等等。所以我們要在練習(xí)中盡可能的回憶當(dāng)時(shí)學(xué)校課堂上所交的那些口訣，來(lái)確保每一個(gè)說(shuō)出的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)不會(huì)遺忘任何成分。
2.托?？谡Z(yǔ)如何有效精讀
精讀可不是你以前那種走馬觀花、似懂非懂式的讀法，它要求你對(duì)文章有全面且細(xì)致的把握進(jìn)而達(dá)到一種“內(nèi)化”的程度。托?？谡Z(yǔ)備考精讀的3個(gè)步驟：
第一步：大致了解文章背景后通讀全文，了解文章大意。這里主要包括文章的主旨、作者的寫(xiě)作意圖、觀點(diǎn)結(jié)論等。通讀的時(shí)候不需要過(guò)于細(xì)致，只要“盲目”地去欣賞就好了。不論你在乎的是人物、情節(jié)還是其他元素，先一口氣讀完再說(shuō)。如果你一開(kāi)始就忙著查生詞，那就沒(méi)辦法進(jìn)行了。所以通讀的時(shí)候切忌盲目查單詞，遇到不懂的單詞可以采取聯(lián)系上下文進(jìn)行猜測(cè)的方式。
第二步：了解文章結(jié)構(gòu)，逐段進(jìn)行分析。逐段進(jìn)行閱讀要求找出每段的topic sentences或者是key words，這樣能幫助理解每段的大意。然后你就要去分析作者的寫(xiě)作方法和寫(xiě)作策略了。比如說(shuō)，作者用的是欲揚(yáng)先抑的手法嗎?作者有幾個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，每個(gè)觀點(diǎn)都是怎么論證的?是作比較、列數(shù)字還是打比方或者別的?
第三步：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)用表達(dá)。讀第三遍的時(shí)候，目標(biāo)就更細(xì)化了。這時(shí)要注重句子和詞匯，知道每個(gè)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)是什么樣的，里面有哪些有用的短語(yǔ)和詞匯。在這個(gè)階段，你可以盡情地去查單詞了，盡力弄懂每個(gè)單詞。
3.托?？谡Z(yǔ)精讀注意事項(xiàng)
1、如果你是英語(yǔ)專業(yè)的學(xué)生，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，大學(xué)的精讀課上，老師在講解文章的時(shí)候由于時(shí)間有限，通常會(huì)省略掉他/她覺(jué)得沒(méi)有必要處理的部分，去關(guān)注她覺(jué)得重要的。但是作為個(gè)人，你應(yīng)該有自糾自查的過(guò)程。你要了解自己的短板在哪里。比如說(shuō)，如果你總是分不清句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，你可以把每種結(jié)構(gòu)的句子挑一個(gè)出來(lái)，進(jìn)行具體的分析，然后再到文章中去印證。比如我剛開(kāi)始的時(shí)候分不清定語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。經(jīng)過(guò)對(duì)比分析再到閱讀中不斷檢驗(yàn)的方法之后，現(xiàn)在這兩種句子在我看來(lái)沒(méi)什么迷惑性了。所以，只有你加長(zhǎng)了短板，你才能不斷進(jìn)步。
2、關(guān)于精讀的量。精讀完一本原版小說(shuō)顯然不現(xiàn)實(shí)，耗時(shí)巨大而且容易產(chǎn)生倦怠感，久了很可能會(huì)半途而廢。要知道，大學(xué)的精讀課上，一周也才上一篇文章而已。對(duì)于基礎(chǔ)沒(méi)有那么好的同學(xué)，建議一周研究透徹1000-1500詞的文本即可，當(dāng)然，這個(gè)文本的生詞不宜過(guò)多。
4.托?？谡Z(yǔ)題目分析
Women could and did play a part in this process of settlement. Iceland, for instance, was uninhabited, and a permanent population could only be established if women also made the journey there. (后一句的具體事例為前一句提供說(shuō)明與解釋。)
People borrowed more and more money so that they could buy these shares. Because of this, the American people started to believe that share prices could only go up further. (“because of”明顯的因果關(guān)系)
Astronomy is a science that deals with all the celestial bodies in the universe. Astronomy includes the study of plan and their satellites, com and meteors, stars and interstellar matter, star systems and clusters. (后一句是對(duì)前一句celestial bodies 的進(jìn)一步解釋)
Previously it was believed that due to the Archaeopteryx’s (始祖鳥(niǎo)) underdeveloped anatomy, it would not have been able to fly. However, research by the London Natural History Museum into its brain developed and that it had good vision and a good sense of balance —all the requirements for a creature to be able to fly. (“However”轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比)
閱讀時(shí)，我們可以根據(jù)段落中出現(xiàn)的一些信號(hào)詞(Signal Words)來(lái)判斷句子與句子之間的關(guān)系，掌握段落發(fā)展線索，來(lái)調(diào)整閱讀速度，提高閱讀質(zhì)量。
5.托?？谡Z(yǔ)的信號(hào)詞
1.顯示相同信息的信號(hào)詞
There has been an upsurge of interest in chamber music. Likewise opera is receiving a boost from increased record sales.'
“l(fā)ikewise”這一信號(hào)詞顯示了前面所提到的idea后面還要再出現(xiàn)。因此，閱讀時(shí)見(jiàn)到這樣的信號(hào)詞無(wú)須放慢閱讀速度。這樣的信號(hào)詞還包括：
and, furthermore, more, than, that, also, likewise, moreover, in addition, what is more, for instance, for example
2.顯示思路轉(zhuǎn)折的信號(hào)詞
I’d like to go but I’m too busy.
“but”前后是完全不同的信息描述，它向讀者顯示了作者的思路在這里有了轉(zhuǎn)折。閱讀時(shí)，碰到這樣的信號(hào)詞我們需放慢閱讀速度，以準(zhǔn)確獲取作者真正想要說(shuō)明的意思。這類信號(hào)詞還有：
although, however, on the contrary, but, in spite of, otherwise, despite, nevertheless, yet
3.顯示因果關(guān)系的信號(hào)詞
As a result of the pilots’ strike, all flights have had to be cancelled.
All flights have had to be cancelled as a result of the pilots’ strike.
所有航班被取消的原因是因?yàn)轱w行員們的罷工;飛行員們的罷工導(dǎo)致了所有的航班不得不被取消。顯示因果關(guān)系的信號(hào)詞還有：
for, thus, because, for this reason, so, therefore, as, since, consequently
4.顯示順序的信號(hào)詞
Internet speeds communication between companies, among co-workers through video-conferences, and among other individuals. First, media companies use the Internet for online news, or to broadcast audio and video, including live radio and television pr**rams, while individuals use the Internet for communication, entertainment, finding information, buying and selling goods and services. Second, the notion of distance disappears thanks to the Internet. People also enjoy instant messaging to exchange text messages or pictures in real time, with real-time video and sound. Finally, scientists and scholars use the Internet to perform research, distribute lecture notes or course materials to students, they communicate with colleagues, and can also publish papers and articles.
托?？谡Z(yǔ)題目抓住了這樣的信號(hào)詞就把握住了作者敘述的順序，也就分清了相對(duì)獨(dú)立的論據(jù)。這樣的信號(hào)詞包括：
first, second, third, and so on, then, after, before, next, last, afterward, finally