不做“說話的巨人，行動的矮子”。說再多的漂亮話，也不如做一件實實在在的漂亮事，行動永遠是邁向成功的第一步，想永遠只會在原地踏步。對于考試而言亦是如此，每天進步一點點，基礎(chǔ)扎實一點點，通過考試就會更容易一點點。以下為“2021年上半年大學(xué)英語四級閱讀理解練習(xí)及精析”，歡迎閱讀參考！更多相關(guān)訊息請關(guān)注！
【篇一】2021年上半年大學(xué)英語四級閱讀理解練習(xí)及精析
Professor Smith recently persuaded 35 people, 23 of them women, to keep a diary of all their absent-mindedactions for a fortnight. When he came to analyse their embarrassing lapses(差錯)in a scientific report, hewas surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groupings, Nordid the lapses appear to be entirely random(隨機的).
One of the women, for instance, on leaving her house for work one morning threw her dog her earrings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear. "the explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer," explains the professor. "People programme themselves to do certain activities regularly. It was the woman’s custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits and then put on her earrings. But somehow the action got reversed in the programme," About one in twenty of the incidents the volunteers reported were these "programme assembly failures,"
Altogether the volunteers logged 433 unintentional actions that they found themselves doing---an average of twelve each, There appear to be peak periods in the day when we are at our zaniest(荒謬可笑的).These aretwo hours some time between eight a.m. and noon, between four and six p.m. with a smaller peak between eight and ten p.m."Among men the peak seems to be when a changeover in brain’ programmes’ occurs, as for instance between going to and from work." Women on average reported slightly more lapses----- 12.5 compared with 10.9 for men m probably because they were more reliable reporters.
A startling finding of the research is that the absent-minded activity is a hazard of doing things in which we are skilled. Normally, you would expect that skill reduces the number of errors we make. But trying to avoid silly slips by concentrating more could make things a lot worse m even dangerous.
練習(xí)題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1. In his study Professor Smith asked the subjects ________
A. to keep track of people who tend too forget things
B. to report their embarrassing lapses at random
C. to analyse their awkward experiences scientifically
D. to keep a record of what they did unintentionally
2. Professor Smith discovered that ________
A. certain patterns can be identified in the recorded incidents
B. many people were too embarrassed to admit their absent-mindedness
C. men tend to be more absent-minded than women
D. absent-mindedness is an excusable human weakness
3. "Programme assembly failures" (Line 6, Para. 2) refers to the phenomenon that people ______
A. often fail to programme their routines beforehand
B. tend to make mistakes when they are in a hurry
C. unconsciously change the sequence of doing things
D. are likely to mess things up if they are too tired
4. We learn from the third paragraph that _______
A. absent-mindedness tends to occur during certain hours of the day
B. women are very careful to perform actions during peak periods
C. women experience more peak periods of absent-mindedness
D. men’s absent-mindedness often results in funny situations
5.It can be concluded from the passage that _____
A. people should avoid doing important things during peak periods of lapses
B. hazards can be avoided when people do things they are good at
C. people should be careful when programming their actions
D. lapses cannot always be attributed to lack of concentration
參考答案
1.[D] 事實細節(jié)題。本文第1句中的to keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions就是指to keep a record of what they did unintentionally,題目中的subjects指實驗對象，被測試者。
2.[A] 事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第2句中nearly all of them fell into a few groupings可以找到本題答案，題目中的discover是該句中find的同義詞,A的patterns與原文中的groupings意義相同。
3.[C] 語義題。根據(jù)第2段最后兩句提到,但是不知怎么的這種行為在程序中顛倒了。這些被測試者報告的事件中二十個中有一個屬于這種“流水線程序錯誤”。C的unconsciously與somehow對應(yīng),change the sequence of doing things與the action got reversed對應(yīng)，故本題選C。
4.[A] 事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第3段的第2、3句“一天之中似乎存在一些人們易犯荒謬可笑錯誤的高峰時段”,之后到舉了幾個高峰時間，可知A與之相符。
5.[D] 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后兩句“一般來說，我們會以為技術(shù)嫻熟可以減少錯誤。但是為了避免出現(xiàn)愚蠢的失誤而更加專注，只會把事情弄得更糟糕，甚至?xí)?dǎo)致危險。”可知D“差錯并不總是注意力不集中導(dǎo)致的” 正確。
【篇二】2021年上半年大學(xué)英語四級閱讀理解練習(xí)及精析
Taste is such a subjective matter that we don't usually conduct preference tests for food. The most you can say about anyone's preference, is that it's one person's opinion. But because the two big cola(可樂) companies Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola are marketed aggressively, we've wondered how big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either C0ca-Cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting.
We invited staff volunteers who had a strong liking for either Coca-Cola Classic (傳統(tǒng)型)or Pepsi, Diet (低糖的)Coke, or Diet Pepsi-These were people who thought they'd have no trouble telling their brand from the other brand. We eventually located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers.
We eventually located 19regular cola drinkers and 27diet cola drinkers. Then we fed them four unidentifiedsamples of cola one at a time, regular colas for the one group, diet versions for the other. We asked themto tell us whether each sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to compare the participants 'choices with what mere gum-work would have accomplished.
Getting all four samples right was a tough test, but not too tough, we thought, for people who believed they could recognize their brand. In the end, only 7out of19regular cola drinkers correctly identified theirbrand of choice in all four trials. The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse -only 7of27identified all four samples correctly.
While both groups did better than chance would predict, nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times. Two people got all four samples wrong. Overall, half the participants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, so fatigue, or taste burn out, was not a factor. Our preference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste and price.
練習(xí)題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1. According to the passage the preference test was conducted in order to _____.
A. find out the role taste preference plays in a person's drinking
B. reveal which cola is more to the liking of the drinkers
C. show that a person's opinion about taste is mere guess-work
D. compare the ability of the participants in choosing their drinks
2. The statistics recorded in the preference tests show _____.
A. Coca-Cola and Pepsi are people's two most favorite drinks
B. there is not much difference in taste between Coca-Cola and Pepsi
C. few people had trouble telling Coca-Cola from Pepsi
D. people's tastes differ from one another
3. It is implied in the first paragraph that _____.
A. the purpose of taste tests b to promote the sale of colas
B. the improvement of quality is the chief concern of the two cola companies
C. the competition between the two colas is very strong
D. blind tasting is necessary for identifying fans
4. The word "burnout"(Line4,Para.5) here refers to the state of _____.
A. being seriously burnt in the skin
B. being unable to burn for lack of fuel
C. being badly damaged by fire
D. being unable to function because of excessive use
5. The author's purpose in writing this passage is to _____.
A. show that taste preference is highly subjective
B. argue that taste testing is an important marketing strategy
C. emphasize that taste and price are closely related to each other
D. recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control of colas
參考答案
1.[A] 第1段第3句提到，由于兩大可樂公司的營銷如此具有攻擊性，我們不由想知道對味道的偏好在品牌忠誠度上起多大的作用，A與之相符。
2.[B] 第4段第2、3句表明可口可樂和百事可樂在味道方面并無多大差異，B與之相符。A、D不是實驗數(shù)據(jù)所表明的事情，故排除;C與原文的意思不相符，也排除。
3.[C] 由第1段第3句中Coca Cola and Pepsi Cola are marketed so aggressively可知兩大公司競爭極為激烈，故選C。
4.[D] 文章最后一段第3句中，fatigue與taste bum out之間用or連接，表明兩者語義比較接近，對比四個選項，D符合，表示味覺疲勞、麻木。
5.[A] 文章第1句Taste is such... food表明味覺偏好是十分主觀的，且下文講到的實驗結(jié)果也更進一步印證了該觀點，故選A?！?BR> 【篇三】2021年上半年大學(xué)英語四級閱讀理解練習(xí)及精析
Violin prodigies (神童), I learned, have come indistinct waves from distinct regions. Most of thegreat performers if the late 19th and early 20thcenturies were born and brought up in Russia andEastern Europe.I asked Isaac Stern, one of theworld’s greatest violinists the reason for thisphenomenon. It is very clear, he told me. Theywere all Jews(*人) and Jews at the time wereseverely oppressed and ill treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into theprofessional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage. As aresult, every Jewish parent’s dream was to have a child in the music school because it was apassport to the West.
Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found, is a society that values excellencein a certain field to nurture (培育) talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to bein the Far East. “In Japan, a most competitive society, with stronger discipline than ours. ”says Isaac Stem, children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, includingmusic. When Western music came to Japan after World WarⅡ, that music not only became partof their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well. The Koreans and Chinese as we know,are just as highly motivated as the Japanese.
That’s a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work,biologicalinheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy. J. S. Bach, for example, wasthe top of several generations of musicians, and four of his sons had significant careers inmusic.
練習(xí)題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.Jewish parents in Eastern Europe longed for their children to attend music school
because ______ .
A. it would allow them access to a better life in the West
B. Jewish children are born with excellent musical talent
C. they wanted their children to enter into the professional field
D. it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country
2.Nurturing societies as mentioned in the passage refer to societies that ______ .
A. enforce strong discipline on students who want to achieve excellence
B. treasure talent and provide opportunities for its full development
C. encourage people to compete with each other
D. promise talented children high positions
3.Japan is described in the passage as a country that attaches importance to ______ .
A. all-round development.
B. the learning of Western music
C. strict training of children
D. variety in academic studies
4.Which of the following contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according
to the passage?
A. A natural gift.
B. Extensive knowledge of music.
C. Very early training.
D. A prejudice-free society.
5.Which of the following titles best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
A. Jewish Contribution to Music.
B. Training of Musicians in the World
C. Music and Society
D. The Making of Prodigies
參考答案
1.[A] 原文首段最后一句提到，所有*人父母的夢想就是讓孩子上音樂學(xué)校，由because引導(dǎo)的從句解釋了原因，即因為這是通往西方世界的通行證。A項為原文的同義改寫，故選A。B、D在文中沒有提及，原文中說進入professional field是不被允許的,故C不符合。
2.[B] nurturing societies出現(xiàn)在文中第2段第2句，很顯然nurturing society指的是前一句說的“重視在某一特定領(lǐng)域中的優(yōu)異表現(xiàn)，能培養(yǎng)才能的社會”,B與原文相符。
3.[C] 日本在文中作為典型的nurturing society的例子，之后提到日本社會竟?fàn)幖ち?，注重?guī)范和紀律，結(jié)合這兩點可知，C正確。
4.[A] 最后一段第2句提到，遺傳在天才的產(chǎn)生上也起很重要的作用，即天賦，故選A。其他三項在文中并未提及。
5.[D] 本文中，prodigies是一個關(guān)鍵詞，四個選項中只有D包含了這一關(guān)鍵詞。其他三個選項都只是文中的局部信息，不是文章主旨，均排除。
【篇一】2021年上半年大學(xué)英語四級閱讀理解練習(xí)及精析
Professor Smith recently persuaded 35 people, 23 of them women, to keep a diary of all their absent-mindedactions for a fortnight. When he came to analyse their embarrassing lapses(差錯)in a scientific report, hewas surprised to find that nearly all of them fell into a few groupings, Nordid the lapses appear to be entirely random(隨機的).
One of the women, for instance, on leaving her house for work one morning threw her dog her earrings and tried to fix a dog biscuit on her ear. "the explanation for this is that the brain is like a computer," explains the professor. "People programme themselves to do certain activities regularly. It was the woman’s custom every morning to throw her dog two biscuits and then put on her earrings. But somehow the action got reversed in the programme," About one in twenty of the incidents the volunteers reported were these "programme assembly failures,"
Altogether the volunteers logged 433 unintentional actions that they found themselves doing---an average of twelve each, There appear to be peak periods in the day when we are at our zaniest(荒謬可笑的).These aretwo hours some time between eight a.m. and noon, between four and six p.m. with a smaller peak between eight and ten p.m."Among men the peak seems to be when a changeover in brain’ programmes’ occurs, as for instance between going to and from work." Women on average reported slightly more lapses----- 12.5 compared with 10.9 for men m probably because they were more reliable reporters.
A startling finding of the research is that the absent-minded activity is a hazard of doing things in which we are skilled. Normally, you would expect that skill reduces the number of errors we make. But trying to avoid silly slips by concentrating more could make things a lot worse m even dangerous.
練習(xí)題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1. In his study Professor Smith asked the subjects ________
A. to keep track of people who tend too forget things
B. to report their embarrassing lapses at random
C. to analyse their awkward experiences scientifically
D. to keep a record of what they did unintentionally
2. Professor Smith discovered that ________
A. certain patterns can be identified in the recorded incidents
B. many people were too embarrassed to admit their absent-mindedness
C. men tend to be more absent-minded than women
D. absent-mindedness is an excusable human weakness
3. "Programme assembly failures" (Line 6, Para. 2) refers to the phenomenon that people ______
A. often fail to programme their routines beforehand
B. tend to make mistakes when they are in a hurry
C. unconsciously change the sequence of doing things
D. are likely to mess things up if they are too tired
4. We learn from the third paragraph that _______
A. absent-mindedness tends to occur during certain hours of the day
B. women are very careful to perform actions during peak periods
C. women experience more peak periods of absent-mindedness
D. men’s absent-mindedness often results in funny situations
5.It can be concluded from the passage that _____
A. people should avoid doing important things during peak periods of lapses
B. hazards can be avoided when people do things they are good at
C. people should be careful when programming their actions
D. lapses cannot always be attributed to lack of concentration
參考答案
1.[D] 事實細節(jié)題。本文第1句中的to keep a diary of all their absent-minded actions就是指to keep a record of what they did unintentionally,題目中的subjects指實驗對象，被測試者。
2.[A] 事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第2句中nearly all of them fell into a few groupings可以找到本題答案，題目中的discover是該句中find的同義詞,A的patterns與原文中的groupings意義相同。
3.[C] 語義題。根據(jù)第2段最后兩句提到,但是不知怎么的這種行為在程序中顛倒了。這些被測試者報告的事件中二十個中有一個屬于這種“流水線程序錯誤”。C的unconsciously與somehow對應(yīng),change the sequence of doing things與the action got reversed對應(yīng)，故本題選C。
4.[A] 事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第3段的第2、3句“一天之中似乎存在一些人們易犯荒謬可笑錯誤的高峰時段”,之后到舉了幾個高峰時間，可知A與之相符。
5.[D] 推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后兩句“一般來說，我們會以為技術(shù)嫻熟可以減少錯誤。但是為了避免出現(xiàn)愚蠢的失誤而更加專注，只會把事情弄得更糟糕，甚至?xí)?dǎo)致危險。”可知D“差錯并不總是注意力不集中導(dǎo)致的” 正確。
【篇二】2021年上半年大學(xué)英語四級閱讀理解練習(xí)及精析
Taste is such a subjective matter that we don't usually conduct preference tests for food. The most you can say about anyone's preference, is that it's one person's opinion. But because the two big cola(可樂) companies Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola are marketed aggressively, we've wondered how big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either C0ca-Cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting.
We invited staff volunteers who had a strong liking for either Coca-Cola Classic (傳統(tǒng)型)or Pepsi, Diet (低糖的)Coke, or Diet Pepsi-These were people who thought they'd have no trouble telling their brand from the other brand. We eventually located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers.
We eventually located 19regular cola drinkers and 27diet cola drinkers. Then we fed them four unidentifiedsamples of cola one at a time, regular colas for the one group, diet versions for the other. We asked themto tell us whether each sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to compare the participants 'choices with what mere gum-work would have accomplished.
Getting all four samples right was a tough test, but not too tough, we thought, for people who believed they could recognize their brand. In the end, only 7out of19regular cola drinkers correctly identified theirbrand of choice in all four trials. The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse -only 7of27identified all four samples correctly.
While both groups did better than chance would predict, nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times. Two people got all four samples wrong. Overall, half the participants did about as well on the last round of tasting as on the first, so fatigue, or taste burn out, was not a factor. Our preference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste and price.
練習(xí)題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1. According to the passage the preference test was conducted in order to _____.
A. find out the role taste preference plays in a person's drinking
B. reveal which cola is more to the liking of the drinkers
C. show that a person's opinion about taste is mere guess-work
D. compare the ability of the participants in choosing their drinks
2. The statistics recorded in the preference tests show _____.
A. Coca-Cola and Pepsi are people's two most favorite drinks
B. there is not much difference in taste between Coca-Cola and Pepsi
C. few people had trouble telling Coca-Cola from Pepsi
D. people's tastes differ from one another
3. It is implied in the first paragraph that _____.
A. the purpose of taste tests b to promote the sale of colas
B. the improvement of quality is the chief concern of the two cola companies
C. the competition between the two colas is very strong
D. blind tasting is necessary for identifying fans
4. The word "burnout"(Line4,Para.5) here refers to the state of _____.
A. being seriously burnt in the skin
B. being unable to burn for lack of fuel
C. being badly damaged by fire
D. being unable to function because of excessive use
5. The author's purpose in writing this passage is to _____.
A. show that taste preference is highly subjective
B. argue that taste testing is an important marketing strategy
C. emphasize that taste and price are closely related to each other
D. recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control of colas
參考答案
1.[A] 第1段第3句提到，由于兩大可樂公司的營銷如此具有攻擊性，我們不由想知道對味道的偏好在品牌忠誠度上起多大的作用，A與之相符。
2.[B] 第4段第2、3句表明可口可樂和百事可樂在味道方面并無多大差異，B與之相符。A、D不是實驗數(shù)據(jù)所表明的事情，故排除;C與原文的意思不相符，也排除。
3.[C] 由第1段第3句中Coca Cola and Pepsi Cola are marketed so aggressively可知兩大公司競爭極為激烈，故選C。
4.[D] 文章最后一段第3句中，fatigue與taste bum out之間用or連接，表明兩者語義比較接近，對比四個選項，D符合，表示味覺疲勞、麻木。
5.[A] 文章第1句Taste is such... food表明味覺偏好是十分主觀的，且下文講到的實驗結(jié)果也更進一步印證了該觀點，故選A?！?BR> 【篇三】2021年上半年大學(xué)英語四級閱讀理解練習(xí)及精析
Violin prodigies (神童), I learned, have come indistinct waves from distinct regions. Most of thegreat performers if the late 19th and early 20thcenturies were born and brought up in Russia andEastern Europe.I asked Isaac Stern, one of theworld’s greatest violinists the reason for thisphenomenon. It is very clear, he told me. Theywere all Jews(*人) and Jews at the time wereseverely oppressed and ill treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into theprofessional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage. As aresult, every Jewish parent’s dream was to have a child in the music school because it was apassport to the West.
Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found, is a society that values excellencein a certain field to nurture (培育) talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to bein the Far East. “In Japan, a most competitive society, with stronger discipline than ours. ”says Isaac Stem, children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, includingmusic. When Western music came to Japan after World WarⅡ, that music not only became partof their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well. The Koreans and Chinese as we know,are just as highly motivated as the Japanese.
That’s a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work,biologicalinheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy. J. S. Bach, for example, wasthe top of several generations of musicians, and four of his sons had significant careers inmusic.
練習(xí)題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.Jewish parents in Eastern Europe longed for their children to attend music school
because ______ .
A. it would allow them access to a better life in the West
B. Jewish children are born with excellent musical talent
C. they wanted their children to enter into the professional field
D. it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country
2.Nurturing societies as mentioned in the passage refer to societies that ______ .
A. enforce strong discipline on students who want to achieve excellence
B. treasure talent and provide opportunities for its full development
C. encourage people to compete with each other
D. promise talented children high positions
3.Japan is described in the passage as a country that attaches importance to ______ .
A. all-round development.
B. the learning of Western music
C. strict training of children
D. variety in academic studies
4.Which of the following contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according
to the passage?
A. A natural gift.
B. Extensive knowledge of music.
C. Very early training.
D. A prejudice-free society.
5.Which of the following titles best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
A. Jewish Contribution to Music.
B. Training of Musicians in the World
C. Music and Society
D. The Making of Prodigies
參考答案
1.[A] 原文首段最后一句提到，所有*人父母的夢想就是讓孩子上音樂學(xué)校，由because引導(dǎo)的從句解釋了原因，即因為這是通往西方世界的通行證。A項為原文的同義改寫，故選A。B、D在文中沒有提及，原文中說進入professional field是不被允許的,故C不符合。
2.[B] nurturing societies出現(xiàn)在文中第2段第2句，很顯然nurturing society指的是前一句說的“重視在某一特定領(lǐng)域中的優(yōu)異表現(xiàn)，能培養(yǎng)才能的社會”,B與原文相符。
3.[C] 日本在文中作為典型的nurturing society的例子，之后提到日本社會竟?fàn)幖ち?，注重?guī)范和紀律，結(jié)合這兩點可知，C正確。
4.[A] 最后一段第2句提到，遺傳在天才的產(chǎn)生上也起很重要的作用，即天賦，故選A。其他三項在文中并未提及。
5.[D] 本文中，prodigies是一個關(guān)鍵詞，四個選項中只有D包含了這一關(guān)鍵詞。其他三個選項都只是文中的局部信息，不是文章主旨，均排除。