新概念英語(yǔ)第2冊(cè)重要句型Lesson10~12

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    新概念英語(yǔ)第2冊(cè)重要句型Lesson10
    一、重要句型或語(yǔ)法
    1、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
    本課側(cè)重的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法,即:was/were done by,如:The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.
    2、雙重所有格
    即a+名詞+of+名詞+'s或是名詞復(fù)數(shù)+of+名詞+'s,如:a friend of my father's或some friends of my father's。
    二、課文主要語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)
    We have an old musical instrument. instrument,儀器、工具,常和musical搭配,表示樂(lè)器。
    It is called a clavichord. 1)sth. is called ...,...被稱(chēng)作...。 2)clavichord,古鋼琴,鋼琴的前身,與鋼琴不同的是,它是通過(guò)羽毛管制作的撥子撥動(dòng)一根金屬絲弦發(fā)音的。
    It was made in Germany in 1861. 1)be made in,在...地方制造。注意區(qū)分be made in/of/from/by,參考教材中的額難點(diǎn)說(shuō)明。 2)注意德國(guó)的國(guó)名和國(guó)人的表達(dá)。 3)注意年份的讀法。
    Our clavichord is kept in the living room. be kept in,表示保存在...地方。
    It has belonged to our family for a long time. belong to,屬于,不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
    The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago. 可提醒學(xué)生注意ago的用法,動(dòng)詞一般要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)形式。
    Suddenly, someone shouted, "It's two minutes past twelve!
    The clock has stopped!"
    此處可復(fù)習(xí)幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分(分鐘+past+小時(shí))和幾點(diǎn)差幾分(分鐘+to+小時(shí))的用法。
    I looked at my watch. It was true. 1)此處的It was true,簡(jiǎn)短有力,與前面的長(zhǎng)句形成對(duì)比,起到一定的強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。 2)注意提醒學(xué)生true的拼寫(xiě),學(xué)生經(jīng)常拼錯(cuò)為ture。
    The big clock refused to welcome the New Year. 1)本句話用了擬人的修辭手法,因?yàn)閞efuse和welcome只用于有生命的人或物。refuse后接名詞或to do。 2)可補(bǔ)充N(xiāo)ew Year's Eve(除夕)的表達(dá)。
    Recently it was damaged by a visitor. 注意區(qū)分damage/break/destroy/ruin/spoil。前面四個(gè)單詞的破壞程度從左到右依次增大,spoil側(cè)重的是抽象意義上的破壞或者寵溺,如:Postcards always spoil my holiday. / The boy was spoiled by his mother.
    She tried to play jazz on it! 注意區(qū)分try to do(努力做)和try doing(試著做。
    She struck the keys too hard and
    two of the strings were broken.
    1)此處用strike來(lái)表示彈奏,說(shuō)明彈奏者非常用力。 2)注意區(qū)分string(弦線)/rope(粗繩)/thread(針線)。
    My father was shocked. 本句極為簡(jiǎn)短,與前面的句子相比,形成鮮明的對(duì)照,起到很好的強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。shocked,表示震驚。
    Now we are not allowed to touch it. allow sb. to do sth.,允許某人做某事。
    It is being repaired by a friend of my father's. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的進(jìn)行時(shí)對(duì)于學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)比較難理解和掌握,需要仔細(xì)講解。
    三、讀寫(xiě)重點(diǎn)
    1、可繼續(xù)強(qiáng)化介紹長(zhǎng)句和短句,突出短句的強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。
    2、可對(duì)比主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的表達(dá)效果。如:Our clavichord is kept in the living room. vs. We keep the clavichord in the living room.可讓學(xué)生體會(huì)兩者的差別,以及作者為什么采用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)來(lái)表達(dá)。
    新概念英語(yǔ)第2冊(cè)重要句型Lesson11
    一、重要句型或語(yǔ)法
    1、復(fù)習(xí)第1-10課的關(guān)鍵句型
    第1-10課的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容有:簡(jiǎn)單句及其語(yǔ)序、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、冠詞、不定代詞、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、比較關(guān)系、表時(shí)間的介詞、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
    2、動(dòng)詞不定式
    本課側(cè)重的是動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的用法,如:He wants me to ask you a question. / Frank helped Tom to dig this hole.
    二、課文主要語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)
    I was having dinner at a restaurant
    when Tony Steel came in.
    1)復(fù)習(xí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法,側(cè)重when的用法,即主句動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、when引導(dǎo)的從句動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí),注意與while的區(qū)別(while引導(dǎo)的并列句的動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),另一個(gè)并列句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí))。如原句可以改為:While I was having dinner at a restaurant, Tony Steel came in. 2)注意restaurant的拼寫(xiě)和讀音。
    Tony worked in a lawyer\s office years ago,
    but he is now working at a bank.
    1)可從but前后兩句話中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)years ago和now來(lái)提問(wèn)學(xué)生動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的使用。 2)注意work in a lawyer's office和work at a bank中不同地點(diǎn)采用的不同的介詞。 3)lawyer只需識(shí)記基本意思,注意bank也可以表示河岸。
    He gets a good salary, but he always borrows money
    from his friends and never pays it back.
    1)get a good salary,收入不錯(cuò)。注意salary(月薪、年薪)與wage(周薪)和pay(時(shí)薪)的區(qū)別。 2)borrow sth. from sb.,從某人處借某物。注意與下文中的lend sth. to sb.(把某物借給某人)的區(qū)別。 3)pay sth. back,償還或報(bào)復(fù),文中意為償還。
    Tony saw me and came and sat at the same table. 1)可分析此處連用三個(gè)動(dòng)詞,用and連接,其實(shí)是一種排比句式,起到很好的強(qiáng)調(diào)作用,把Tony見(jiàn)到任何人都會(huì)想到要借錢(qián)的特點(diǎn)描述得很形象。可看情況對(duì)比凱撒的名言:I came, I saw, I conquered. 2)sit at the table,坐下吃飯。
    He has never borrowed money from me. 可提問(wèn)學(xué)生為什么此處使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)never)。
    While he was eating, I asked him
    to lend me twenty pounds.
    可讓學(xué)生改為由when引導(dǎo)的句子,即:When I asked him to lend me twenty pounds, he was eating。但要注意,兩句話在表意上側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同,原句側(cè)重的是我主動(dòng)向Tony借錢(qián),而改完之后側(cè)重點(diǎn)在Tony在吃飯。
    To my surprise, he lent me the money immediately. 1)to one's surprise,令人驚訝的是。 2)immediately可以放在lent前面,但不如放在句末好,因?yàn)檫@樣可以突出Tony借錢(qián)給我的不假思索,作者以此來(lái)為下文埋下伏筆。
    I have never borrowed any money from you,'
    Tony said, 'so now you can pay for my dinner!'
    1)pay for sth.,付錢(qián)買(mǎi)什么。 2)注意本句話暗含的意思是:作者因?yàn)橄騎ony借了20鎊,因此欠了Tony一個(gè)人情,所以后落得不但要還20鎊,還得通過(guò)給Tony的晚餐買(mǎi)單來(lái)還人情,可謂“偷雞不成蝕把米”。
    三、讀寫(xiě)重點(diǎn)
    1、排比句式的講解和運(yùn)用。
    2、尾重原理的運(yùn)用,如:To my surprise, he gave me the money immediately.
    新概念英語(yǔ)第2冊(cè)重要句型Lesson12
    一、重要句型或語(yǔ)法
    1、一般將來(lái)時(shí)
    表示將來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生的事情,形式為will do,如:We'll meet him early in the morning.
    2、be+小品詞
    小品詞主要是指介詞或副詞。本課側(cè)重的是be+副詞的用法,常見(jiàn)的表達(dá)有:be away/back(離開(kāi)/回來(lái));be out/in(出門(mén)/在家);be (all) over(結(jié)束); be on(上演); be up to(達(dá)到); be after(尋找); be up(起床)等。
    二、課文主要語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)
    Our neighbour, Captain Charles Alison,
    will sail from Portsmouth tomorrow.
    1)Captain Charles Alison用作neighbour的同位語(yǔ),起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用。 2)captain表示船長(zhǎng),此處用作頭銜,首字母要大寫(xiě)。 3)sail from,從某地起航。 4)可簡(jiǎn)單介紹一下英國(guó)港口城市樸茨茅斯(Portsmouth)。
    We'll meet him at the harbour
    early in the morning.
    1)meet sb.,接/送某人。 2)harbour一般表示天然港口,注意與port(人工港口)的區(qū)別。 3)early in the morning,清早、一大早。
    He will be in his small boat Topsail.
    Topsail is a famous little boat.
    1)注意兩句話說(shuō)到同一艘小船(boat)時(shí),卻前后分別使用了small和little。small往往指物理意義上的小,而little則融入了說(shuō)話者對(duì)這艘船的喜愛(ài)之情,覺(jué)得這艘船很小巧、惹人愛(ài)。 2)可解讀一下這艘船的名稱(chēng)Topsail,說(shuō)明這艘船的名字起得很好。 3)famous,的,名詞原形是fame(名聲,名望)。
    It has sailed across the Atlantic many times. 1)因?yàn)楸揪浜衜any times,所以動(dòng)詞采用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)形式。 2)可介紹世界四大洋:the Pacific/Atlantic/Indian/Arctic Ocean。
    Captain Alison will set out at eight o'clock,
    so we'll have plenty of time.
    1)set out,表示出發(fā),相當(dāng)于set off。 2)plenty of,許多,一般后接不可數(shù)名詞。
    We'll see his boat and then
    we'll say goodbye to him.
    say goodbye to sb.,向某人道別。say sth. to sb.,向某人說(shuō),比如:say hello to sb.,向某人問(wèn)好;say good morning to sb.,向某人問(wèn)早上好。
    He will be away for two months. be away,表示離開(kāi)。此處之所以不用瞬間動(dòng)詞leave來(lái)表達(dá)離開(kāi),是因?yàn)楹竺嬗昧吮頃r(shí)間段的for two months。
    We are very proud of him. be proud of,以...為豪。
    He will take part in an important race
    across the Atlantic.
    1)take part in,參加。 2)important,重要的。 3)race,競(jìng)速類(lèi)比賽??蓪?duì)比match(多指球賽)與competiton(多指學(xué)科等智力知識(shí)類(lèi)比賽)的用法。
    三、讀寫(xiě)重點(diǎn)
    同位語(yǔ)的概念和用法(寫(xiě)作中起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用,閱讀時(shí)可考慮跳過(guò))。