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新概念英語第2冊Lesson61重要句型及語言點
重要句型或語法
將來完成進行時
本課主要學習將來完成進行時的用法，同時對比將來完成時和將來進行時的用法。如：
I will be writing letters all day tomorrow.
Soon the astronauts will have repaired the telescope.
By Friday midday, they will have been working on it for seven days.
課文主要語言點
The Hubble telescope was launched into space by NASA on April 20, 1990 at a cost of over a billion dollars. 1)The Hubble telescope，哈勃望遠鏡。課文里提到的發(fā)射日期有誤，應該是1990年4月24日。 2)launch into space，發(fā)射到太空。 3)注意具體日期的介詞要用on。 4)at a cost of，花費多少錢或代價。 5)課文中提到的哈勃望遠鏡的花費不準確，其實際造價和因為發(fā)射日期延誤導致的額外維護成本共高達15億美元。
Right from the start there was trouble with the Hubble. 1)right from the start，從一開始。 2)There is trouble with sth.，什么東西有問題。
The pictures it sent us were very disappointing because its main mirror was faulty! 1)注意it sent us用作pictures的定語從句，it前面省略了關系代詞that或which。 2)注意使役動詞disappoint的現在分詞和過去分詞形容詞化后的區(qū)別，即disappointing表示令人失望的，而disappointed表示感到失望的。 3)main mirror，主鏡片。 4)faulty，有錯誤的。源自名詞fault(錯誤、缺陷)。
NASA is going to put the telescope right, so it will soon be sending up four astronauts to repair it. 1)put...right，矯正、校正。 2)注意句中的send up表示發(fā)射升空。該短語采用了將來進行時，意指NASA派送宇航員去修理哈勃望遠鏡的鏡片是按計劃一定會發(fā)生的。此外，NASA當時派送的宇航員機組成員其實共有7人，不是4人。
The shuttle Endeavour will be taking the astronauts to the Hubble. 1)shuttle，航天飛機。 2)Endeavour，奮進號航天飛機。該詞的本義是指努力做某事。 3)take sb to，把某人帶到某處。
A robot-arm from the Endeavour will grab the telescope and hold it while the astronauts make the necessary repairs. 1)robot-arm，機械臂。 2)grab，抓住。 3)hold，緊緊握住、穩(wěn)住。 4)make repairs，修理。
Of course, the Hubble is above the earth's atmosphere, so it will soon be sending us the clearest pictures of the stars and distant galaxies that we have ever seen. 1)atmosphere，大氣層。該詞由atmo-(空氣)和sphere(球體)組成。 2)distant，遙遠的。相當于faraway。 3)galaxy，銀河系。
The Hubble will tell us a great deal about the age and size of the universe. 1)a great deal，許多、大量。 2)universe，宇宙。
By the time you read this, the Hubble's eagle eye will have sent us thousands and thousands of wonderful pictures. 1)by the time+表將來的從句，其主句謂語動詞要采用將來完成時。 2)eagle eye，鷹眼。 3)thousands and thousands of，千千萬萬。
新概念英語第2冊Lesson62重要句型及語言點
重要句型或語法
過去完成進行時
本課主要學習過去完成進行時，并對比了過去完成時的區(qū)別。如：
He had already finished work before I arrived.
He had been working in a factory for years before he got this job.
課文主要語言點
Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control. 1)fireman，消防員。相當于firefighter。 2)fight the fire，撲火。 3)可提問學生為什么fight要采用過去完成進行時(因為could get it under control已經是過去的動作，而fight the fire是在此之前發(fā)生的，而且過去三周一直在持續(xù)撲火)。 4)get...under control，控制住。
A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around. 1)a short time before，不久之前。注意before不能換做ago，否則后面的動詞cover就要采用一般過去時了。 2)for miles around，方圓幾英里。
Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills. 1)rise up from...從...升起。 2)the warm ground，發(fā)熱的地面。之所以發(fā)熱，是因為剛剛經歷過大火。 3)over the desolate hills，注意該短語所指的不是ground，而是指smoke，即煙霧在荒涼的山丘上彌漫。desolate，荒涼的。 4)注意hill(山丘)與mountain(山脈)的區(qū)別。
Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding village with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well. 1)be coming on，即將來臨。 2)threaten...with...，以...相威脅。注意threaten源自名詞threat。 3)surrounding，周圍的、周邊的。 4)注意for引導的是表原因的并列句，起著補充說明的作用。 5)heavy rain，大雨。 6)注意“not only... but...as well”引導的并列句。其中，but前面一般要加逗號;as well可以替換為also，但also要緊跟but。 7)wash away，沖走。 8)soil，土壤。 9)cause，導致。 10)serious flood，嚴重的洪水。
When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly. 1)put out，撲滅。 2)at last，后、終于。該短語用在此處起到一定的強調作用，強調好不容易終于把火撲滅了。 3)authority，*。一般都用復數。 4)order，訂購。可以用作名詞。 5)a special type of，一種特殊的...
The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by aeroplanes. 1)注意seed用作不可數名詞，表示種子。 2)spray，噴撒。 3)in large quantities，大量地、大批地。quantity，數量。注意與quality(質量)的區(qū)別。
By then, however, in many places the grass had already taken root. 1)提問學生句中的then指什么時候(指的是前一句中的for nearly a month when it began to rain)。 2)take root，生根、扎根。
In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries, patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil. 1)in place of，代替、取代。 2)for centuries，幾個世紀以來。 3)patches of green，一片片的綠地。patch，小片。 4)appear，出現。其反義詞為disappear(消失)。 5)blackened，燒焦的源自動詞blacken(使變黑，使發(fā)暗)。
新概念英語第2冊Lesson63重要句型及語言點
重要句型或語法
間接引語
本課側重的是：
1)當直接引語是祈使句時;
2)當主句的動詞是insist或suggest等表建議、命令、要求和愿望等時。
如：
She told them not to make so much noise.
He insisted that I should stay to lunch.
課文主要語言點
Jeremy Hampden has a large circle of friends and is very popular at parties. 1)has a circle of，有...的圈子。 2)be popular at parties，在聚會上受歡迎。注意對比be popular with sb.(受某人歡迎)。
Everybody admires him for his sense of humour - everybody, that is, except his six-year-old daughter, Jenny. 1)admire sb. for sth.，因為...敬仰某人。 2)a sense of humour，幽默感。 3)注意對比except與except for的區(qū)別：except只能放句末，而except for可以放句首。 4)that is，也就是說。在此用作插入語，表示補充說明。 5)注意復合形容詞six-year-old中，year只能用單數形式。
Recently, one of Jeremy's closest friends asked him to make a speech at a wedding reception. 1)close，親密的。 2)make a speech，做演講。 3)at a reception，在招待會上。reception源自動詞receive。
This is the sort of thing that Jeremy loves. 1)the sort of thing...之類的事情。 2)注意當thing作先行詞時，關系代詞多用that。
He prepared the speech carefully and went to the wedding with Jenny. prepare，準備。經常與for搭配，表示“為...做準備”。注意其名詞為preparation。
He had included a large number of funny stories in the speech and, of course, it was a great success. 1)include，包含、包括。 2)a large number of，大量的。 3)注意it值得是speech。 4)a great success，很成功。
As soon as he had finished, Jenny told him she wanted to go home. 1)可提問學生為什么finish用過去完成時(因為發(fā)生在told之前，即過去的過去)。 2)注意本句話中的told后面的間接引語的直接引語原本是陳述句。
Jeremy was a little disappointed by this but he did as his daughter asked. 1)disappointed，失望的。 2)注意原句中的this后面好加上逗號。 3)as引導的是方式狀語從句，表示“按照”。
On the way home, he asked Jenny if she had enjoyed the speech. 1)on the way home，在回家的路上。 2)注意本句話中的間接引語的原文是一般疑問句，所以用了if來引導。
To his surprise, she said she hadn't. 1)to one's surprise，令某人驚訝的是。 2)注意she hadn't后面省略了enjoyed his speech。
Jeremy asked her why this was so and she told him that she did not like to see so many people laughing at him! 1)注意句中asked引導的間接引語的直接引語原文應該是由why引導的特殊疑問句。 2)注意so指代的是前文中提到的Jenny不喜歡Jeremy做的演講。 3)see sb. doing sth.看見某人一直在做某事。