2020年6月大學(xué)英語四級5類語法知識

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    不做“說話的巨人,行動(dòng)的矮子”。說再多的漂亮話,也不如做一件實(shí)實(shí)在在的漂亮事,行動(dòng)永遠(yuǎn)是邁向成功的第一步,想永遠(yuǎn)只會(huì)在原地踏步。對于考試而言亦是如此,每天進(jìn)步一點(diǎn)點(diǎn),基礎(chǔ)扎實(shí)一點(diǎn)點(diǎn),通過考試就會(huì)更容易一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。以下為“2020年6月大學(xué)英語四級5類語法知識”,歡迎閱讀參考!更多相關(guān)訊息請關(guān)注!
    
    【篇一】2020年6月大學(xué)英語四級5類語法知識
    指示代詞概說
    表示"這個(gè)"、"那個(gè)"、"這些"、"那些"等指示概念的代詞叫做指示代詞。
    指示代詞有:this這個(gè),that那個(gè),these這些,those那些,it那個(gè),這個(gè),Such如此的,如此的事物,same同樣的,同樣的事物。
    指示代詞this,these,that,those在句中的功用
    指示代詞this,these,that,those在句中的用法相當(dāng)于名詞和形容詞,可用作主語、表語、賓語和定語。如:
    This is a plane,這是一架飛機(jī)。(作主語)
    Oh,it’s not that.噢,問題不在那兒。(作表語)
    How do you like these你喜歡這些嗎(作賓語)
    This book is about Chinese traditional medicine.這是一本關(guān)于中醫(yī)的書。(作定語)
    指示代詞ins,these,that, those的其它用法
    1)This (these)常用來指在時(shí)間或空間上較近的事物,that(those)則常用來指時(shí)間或空間上較遠(yuǎn)的事物。如:
    This is a sickle and that is an axe.這是一把鐮刀,那是一把斧子。
    These days are cold.這些天很冷。
    In those days the poor people had a hard time.在那些日子里,窮人生活很苦。
    2)有時(shí)that和those指前面講到過的事物,this和these則指下面將要講到的事物。如:
    I had a bad cold. That’s why I didn’t come.我傷風(fēng)很厲害,所以我沒有來。
    Those two statements are not true.那兩種說法是不真實(shí)的。
    What I want to say is this:Pronunciation is very important in learning English.我所要說的是:語音在英語學(xué)習(xí)中非常重要。
    chairman Mao honoured Lin Hulan with these words:"A great life A glorious death"毛主席用下面的話表彰劉胡蘭:"生的偉大,死的光榮。"
    3)有時(shí)為了避免重復(fù)提到過的名詞,??捎胻hat或those代替。如:
    The climate of shenyang is just as good as that of Beijing. 沈陽的氣候跟北京的一樣好。(that代替climate)
    The county’s grain output of 1981 was double that of 1970.這個(gè)縣1987年的糧食產(chǎn)量比1980年增加一倍。(that代替grain output)
    Television sets made in Nanjing are just as good as those made in Shanghai.南京出產(chǎn)的電視機(jī)和上海的一樣好。(those代替television sets)
    4)This和that有時(shí)作狀語用,表示"程度",意謂"這么"和"那么"。如:
    The book is about this thick.那本書大約有這么厚。
    I don’t want that much.我不要那么多。
    It指人時(shí)亦用作指示代詞。指示代詞it在漢語中不必譯出。
    如:
    Who is it――it’s me.是誰--是我。
    Oh, it’s you,Lao Wang.哦,是你呀,老王。
    【篇二】2020年6月大學(xué)英語四級5類語法知識
    英語詞類通常分為十大類:
    1)名詞(noun,縮寫為n.)是人和事物的名稱,如pen(鋼筆),English(英語),life(生活)。
    2)代詞(pronoun,縮寫為pron.)是用來代替名詞的詞,如we(我們),his(他的),all(全部)。
    3)形容詞(adjective,縮寫為adj.)用來修飾名詞,如great(偉大的),honest(誠實(shí)的),difficult(困難的)。
    4)數(shù)詞(numeral,縮寫為num.)是表示"多少"和"第幾"的詞,如four(四),eighteen(十八),first(第一),eighth(十八),hundred(一百)。
    5)動(dòng)詞(verb,縮寫為v)表示動(dòng)作和狀態(tài),如write(寫),walk(行走),think(想)。
    6)副詞(adverb,縮寫為。adv.)是修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞的詞,如quickly(快),often(經(jīng)常),very(很)。
    7)冠詞(article,縮寫為art.)說明名詞所指的人或物的詞,如a,an(一個(gè)),the(這,那)。
    8)介詞(preposition,縮寫為prep.)表示名詞(或代詞)與句子里其它詞的關(guān)系,如from(從),in(在…內(nèi)),between(在…之間)。
    9)連詞(conjunction,縮寫為conj.)是連接詞、短語、從句和句子的詞,如and(和),because(因?yàn)?,if(假如)。
    10)感嘆詞(interjection,縮寫為int.)表示感情,如。oh(噢),aha(啊哈),hush(噓)。
    [注一]屬于前六類(名、代、形、數(shù)、動(dòng)、副等詞)的詞都有實(shí)義,叫做實(shí)詞(notional word)。屬于后四類(冠、介、連、感等詞)的詞沒有實(shí)義,叫做虛詞(form word)。
    [注二]不少詞可以屬于幾個(gè)詞類,如work(工作;動(dòng)詞和名詞),fast(快;形容詞和副詞),since(自從;連詞和介詞)等。
    
    【篇三】2020年6月大學(xué)英語四級5類語法知識
    英語四級重點(diǎn)語法知識:倒裝
    在有些情況下,句子中的謂語處于主語之前,這種情況被稱作主謂倒裝。倒裝分為全部倒裝和部分倒裝兩種。在全部倒裝的句子里,整個(gè)謂語都放在主語之前,如:incomeabeautifulgirl。部分倒裝句則只是謂語中的一部分放在主語前面,其他的則仍放在主語之后。下面幾點(diǎn)講的是不需要倒裝的情況:
    l、感嘆句中的主謂不需要倒裝,僅將what或者h(yuǎn)ow在句子中構(gòu)成的賓語、表語或者狀語部分提到前面。如:Whatacutedog!
    2、當(dāng)引導(dǎo)從句的疑問詞和關(guān)聯(lián)詞位于從句的開頭時(shí),句子中的主謂不需要倒裝。如:ThisisthebookwhichIspokeof.
    在倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中,當(dāng)一些具有否定意義的詞放在句首時(shí)句子為部分倒裝,這些詞有notuntil,little,hardly,never,rarely,scarcely,only,seldom等,短語有innoway。atnotime,innocase,atnopoint,hardly/rarely/scarcely…,when…nosooner…than…等,如:Littledidshehavethatexperiencebefore,在句子中部分倒裝,僅將助動(dòng)詞did提前就可以了。
    某些以here,there,now,then等詞開頭的句子,謂語動(dòng)詞為be,stand,lie,come,go,fall等的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)時(shí),句子為全部倒裝,如:Herecomesthebus.再如:
    Thebusinessofeachday,_______,wentquitesmoothly.
    A.itwassellinggoodsorshippingthem
    B.wasitsellinggoodsorshippingthem
    C.itbesellinggoodsorshippingthem
    D.beitsellinggoodsorshippingthem
    整個(gè)句子的意思是,日常工作,不管是銷售貨物還是運(yùn)輸貨物,都進(jìn)行得很順利。觀察句子,即使去掉空格部分,仍然可以構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的句子。空格部分應(yīng)該填入從句而不是一個(gè)句子,A、B選項(xiàng)為完整的句子,顯然不符合語法。C、D兩項(xiàng)可以看成是be引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句,這樣的從句需要倒裝。所以正確答案為D。
    除了be引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句需要倒裝之外,as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句必須倒裝。though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句則可以倒裝也可以是正常語序。although和eventhough引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句則不能倒裝。
    【篇四】2020年6月大學(xué)英語四級5類語法知識
    英語四級重點(diǎn)語法知識:比較狀語從句
    than,as…as…,not so as…,(not) the same as,the+比較級;
    eg:Light travels fast than sound.
    the+比較級:
    eg:The sooner,the better.
    (1)當(dāng)……的時(shí)候:while,when,as ;
    when:強(qiáng)調(diào)一件事情正在發(fā)生的時(shí)候,另外一件事情突然發(fā)生;
    eg:When I was watching TV, my mother came back.
    while:強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行,一邊……一邊……;
    eg:My father is cooking while my mother is reading newspaper.
    as:"隨時(shí)間推移"
    eg:As time went by, the days became longer and longer.
    (2)一……就……:as soon as,主將從現(xiàn);用directly,immediately, instantly連接兩個(gè)句子;一些名詞如the minute,the moment,the instant也可表示;no sooner… than,hardly… when后面的句子需要倒裝;
    eg:I will write to you the moment/minute I arrived in Paris.
    (3)特殊單詞:by the time that,every/each time(使用時(shí)后面不要再加when)
    (4)till&until:
    ① 肯定形式表示的意思是"做某事直至某時(shí)",動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的;
    否定形式表達(dá)的意思是"直至某時(shí)才做某事",一般用until,動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性或非延續(xù)性都可以;
    eg: I slept until midnight.
    Wait till I call you.
    She didn't arrive until 6 o'clock.
    ② Until可用于句首,而till通常不用于句首,通常用于句中;
    eg: Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.
    eg:As you sleep you pass through a sequence of sleep states—light sleep, deep sleep and REM (rapid eye movement) sleep—that repeats approximately every 90 minutes.
    
    【篇五】2020年6月大學(xué)英語四級5類語法知識
    英語四級重點(diǎn)語法知識:獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)
    一 、獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成:
    只有當(dāng)分詞短語的邏輯主語和句子主語不一致時(shí),我們才能用獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)只用做狀語,多用于書面語言。常見的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)有以下幾種:
    (一) 名詞/代詞+分詞(包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞):
    1 The boy ran quickly, his father following. (表示伴隨情況)
    2 He lay on his back, his hands acrossed under his head. (表示伴隨情況)
    (二)名詞/代詞+形容詞:
    1、They started home, their minds full of plans for increasing production. (表示伴隨情況)
    2、 He was silent for a moment, his lips tight. (表示伴隨情況)
    (三)名詞/代詞+副詞:
    1、 He put on his socks, wrong side out. (表示補(bǔ)充說明)
    2 、The war over, all the Chinese people’s volunteers came back to China. (表示補(bǔ)充說明)
    (四)名詞/代詞+介詞(短語)
    1 、She came in, a baby in her arms. (表示伴隨情況)
    2 、He went off, gun in hand. (表示伴隨情況)
    二、獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)在句子中的作用:
    獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)在句子中只能做狀語,這種結(jié)構(gòu)可以用來:
    (一)表示時(shí)間:
    His homework done, Jim decided to go and see the play.
    (=After his homework was done, he decided to go and see the play.)
    (二)表示原因:
    The last bus having gone, we had to walk home.
    (=Because the last bus having gone, we had to walk home. )
    (三)表示條件:
    Weather permitting, we’ll go for an outing tomorrow.
    (=If weather permitting, we’ll go for an outing tomorrow.)
    (四)表示伴隨情況或伴隨狀況:
    They walked through the forest, an old hunter leading the way.
    (五)表示補(bǔ)充說明:
    He lived in a wooden house with two rooms, one being a bedroom and the other being an office.
    (=He lived in a wooden house with two rooms, one was a bedroom, the other was an office.)
    三、獨(dú)立變格的變化
    在帶有邏輯主語的分詞及其短語前加”with”
    1、——Why are they taking all the equipment away?
    ——The job_____, they are packing up to leave.
    A. it to done B. did C. was did D. done
    2、Other things being equal, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than the man whose command of language is poor.