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新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)Lesson61課文詳注
1.at a cost of,造價(jià)為……，耗資，以……的價(jià)格/費(fèi)用。
He has just built a new house for his family at a cost of ￡10,000.
他剛為他的家庭蓋了一座新房子，耗資1萬(wàn)英鎊。
2.Right from the start there was trouble with the Hubble. 從開始哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡就有問(wèn)題。
(1)start為名詞，表示“開始”、“開端”，from the start表示“從開始時(shí)”，副詞right起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用：
He didn't want to work at the firm(right) from the start.
他從開始就不想在這家公司上班。
(2)trouble在這里指“(機(jī)器等的)故障”、“問(wèn)題”：
There is (engine) trouble with my car.
我的汽車(發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī))有問(wèn)題。
(3)the Hubble代指 the Hubble telescope。由于上下文中沒(méi)有其他以 Hubble命名的東西，前面又提到過(guò)Hubble telescope,所以用 the Hubble既簡(jiǎn)潔又不會(huì)引起誤解。
3.NASA is now going to put the telescope right…國(guó)家航天局準(zhǔn)備糾正這一錯(cuò)誤……
put right表示“修好(故障等)”、“校正”、“糾正”等：
Have you put the watch/clock right?
你把表/鐘對(duì)好了嗎?
Remember to put the lights right tomorrow.
明天記得把燈修好。
4.…the Hubble is above the earth's atmosphere, so it will soon be sending us the clearest pictures of the stars and distant galaxies that we have ever seen.……哈勃位于地球的大氣層之外，因此，它很快就會(huì)給我們傳送我們所見到過(guò)的、有關(guān)恒星和遠(yuǎn)距離星系的清晰的照片。
(1)關(guān)系從句that we have ever seen修飾pictures。
(2)由于哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡位于大氣層之外，它照相便不受大氣的阻擋，因此照片清晰。
(3)形容詞高級(jí)后面的關(guān)系從句常用…ever heard, met, read,seen等完成式：
This is the longest book (that) I have ever read.
這是我所看過(guò)的書中長(zhǎng)的一部。
Ian is the most interesting man (that/whom) I have ever met.
伊恩是我所遇見的有趣的人。
5.…the Hubble's eagle eye will have sent us thousands and thousands of wonderful pictures.……敏銳的哈勃望遠(yuǎn)鏡將已經(jīng)為我們送來(lái)了成千上萬(wàn)張精彩的照片。
(1)eagle eye的含義是“鷹眼”、“銳利目光”：
His father's eagle eye is always on him.
他父親的銳利目光總是盯著他。
(2)在表示“幾千”、“數(shù)千”、“許許多多”、“成千上萬(wàn)”這些數(shù)字概念時(shí)可用thousands(of…):
There are hundreds of thousands/thousands and thousands of cars in this city.
這座城市里有成千上萬(wàn)輛汽車。
新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)Lesson62課文詳注
1.under control,受到控制。
get it under control表示“使它得到控制”，get有“使……處于某種狀態(tài)”的含義：
You'd better get your dog under control.
你好管住你的狗。
The Government can no longer keep prices under control.政府已控制不住物價(jià)。
2.for miles around,方圓數(shù)英里。
around表示“在周圍”、“向四周”：
This is the only modern building for miles around.
方圓數(shù)英里之內(nèi)這是惟一的一座現(xiàn)代化建筑。
3.Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction…冬季即將來(lái)臨，這些山丘對(duì)周圍的村莊具有毀滅性的威脅……
(1)come on的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)形式表示的是過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，它在這里表示季節(jié)的“到來(lái)”、“來(lái)臨”：
When spring comes on, there will be flowers everywhere.
春天到來(lái)時(shí)到處都是鮮花。
I was still in the forest when night came on.
夜晚來(lái)臨時(shí)我仍在森林里。
(2)threaten…with表示“以……威脅/恐嚇”：
The thief threatened him with a knife.
小偷用刀子威脅他。
Then whole village is threatened with destruction.
整個(gè)村子面臨著毀滅的威脅。
4.…for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well.……因?yàn)榇笥瓴粌H會(huì)沖走土壤，而且還會(huì)引起嚴(yán)重的水災(zāi)。
(1)for引導(dǎo)的句子與前面的兩個(gè)分句為并列句，用于陳述原因。heavy rain這個(gè)主語(yǔ)之后是由not only… but… as well連接的兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)。與并列連詞 not only…but(also)的含義一樣，not only…but…as well也表示“不僅……而且……”用于連接并列句，只是as well通常位于句尾。試比較：
He not only washed the car, but (also) polished it.
他不僅沖洗汽車，而且擦拭了它。
He not only washed the car, but polished it as well.
(譯文同上)
(2)wash away表示“沖掉”、“沖走”或“洗掉”等：
A wooden bridge was washed away by the flood.
一座木橋被洪水沖走了。
I can't wash the spot away.
我無(wú)法把這污點(diǎn)洗去。
5.in huge quantities,大量地。
quantity單數(shù)時(shí)僅表示“數(shù)量”，既可以用于表示多也可以用于表示少：
They drank a large/great/small quantity of beer last night.
昨天晚上他們喝了大量/許多/少量的啤酒。
quantity復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)表示“大量”：
He bought books in (large) quantities.
他大量地購(gòu)書。
He has quantities of books/stamps.
他有大量的書/郵票。
6.… in many places the grass had already taken root.……很多地方的草已經(jīng)生了根。
take root表示“生根”，是固定短語(yǔ)：
This type of grass takes root easily.
這種草很容易生根。
這個(gè)短語(yǔ)也可以表示某種思想/想法等“扎根”：
The idea has taken root in his mind.
這個(gè)想法已在他腦子里扎了根。
7.In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries, patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil.一片片的綠草開始出現(xiàn)在這片燒焦的土地上，代替了多少世紀(jì)以來(lái)一直生長(zhǎng)在那里的參天大樹。
(1)in place of表示“代替”、“取代”：
Jane answered the phone in place of Mary.
簡(jiǎn)代替瑪麗接了電話。
(2)介詞短語(yǔ) in place of的賓語(yǔ)是trees。trees有一個(gè)which引導(dǎo)的關(guān)系從句，which在從句中作主語(yǔ)，不可省略;從句中的時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。(cf.本課語(yǔ)法)
(3)patch的含義之一是“顏色和周圍不同的部分”：
There are patches of cloud in the sky.
天空中有片片白云。
What is that yellow patch on the wall?
墻上那塊黃斑是什么?
(4)blackened為過(guò)去分詞，作形容詞用，表示“變黑了的”、“燒焦的”：
The smoke has blackened the walls.
煙把墻熏黑了。
新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)Lesson63課文詳注
1. Jeremy Hampden has a large circle of friends and is very popular at parties.杰里米·漢普登交際甚廣，是各種聚會(huì)上深受大家歡迎的人。
(1)circle的含義之一是“(具有共同利益或興趣等的人形成的)圈子”、“……界”：
Such things are never talked about in businese circles.
商業(yè)界的人士從來(lái)不談?wù)撨@種事。
Jeremy used to have a large circle of friends, but now he likes being alone.
杰里米以前交游甚廣，但現(xiàn)在他喜歡獨(dú)處。
(2)popular在這里表示“受歡迎的”、“得人心的”：
She is now a popular actress.
她現(xiàn)在是個(gè)走紅的演員。
Mary is always popular with/among children.
瑪麗總是很受孩子們的歡迎。
2.his great sense of humour,他那絕妙的幽默感。
humour可以指“幽默”、“幽默感”，sense of humour指“幽默感”：
He has a good/great sense of humour.
他很有幽默感。
George has no sense of humour.
喬治沒(méi)有幽默感。
He is a man without humour.
他是個(gè)沒(méi)有幽默感的人。
3.…everybody, that is, except his six-year-old daughter, Jenny.
……人人，就是說(shuō)，除他6歲的女兒珍妮之外的每一個(gè)人。
(1)that is為插入語(yǔ)，表示“那就是說(shuō)”、“亦即”，用于補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明everybody。
He is coming home next Monday, that is, April 5th.
他將于下星期一也就是4月5號(hào)到家。
He is coming home next Monday, that is, if he does not change his plan.
他將于下星期一到家，就是說(shuō)，如果他不改變計(jì)劃的話。
(2)Jenny為his…daughter的同位語(yǔ)。
(3)數(shù)詞加名詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合形容詞可以用于表示年齡、時(shí)間、度量等，名詞通常用單數(shù)：
a twenty-year-old man 一位20歲的男子
a four-hour meeting 歷時(shí)4小時(shí)的會(huì)議
a six-foot hole 一個(gè)6英尺深的洞(也可以說(shuō)a hole six feet deep,這時(shí)foot用復(fù)數(shù))
a three-hour journey 3小時(shí)的旅程
4.This is the sort of thing that Jeremy loves.這正是杰里米喜歡做的事情。
sort表示“種類”、“類型”，常與of連用：
There are all sorts of flowers in his garden.
他家花園里有各種各樣的花。
You mustn't mix with that sort of people.
你不得與那種人交往。
5.…h(huán)e did as his daughter asked.……他還是按照女兒的要求做了。
as引導(dǎo)的是方式狀語(yǔ)從句，其含義為“如同……那樣”、“以……的方式”：
This fish isn't cooked as I like it.
這條魚不是按我喜歡的那樣做的。
6.to his surprise,令他吃驚的是。
to sb's surprise是固定短語(yǔ)：
To my surprise, they can't sell their flat.
使我驚訝的是，他們的那套房子居然賣不出去。
7.Jeremy asked her why this was so…杰里米問(wèn)她為何不喜歡……
this was so代指前面提到的情況，即she hadn't enjoyed the speech, this指“上述之事”，so表示“如此的”。