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新概念英語第二冊Lesson28逐句精講
1.Jasper White is one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.
賈斯珀•懷特是為數(shù)不多的信奉古代神話的人之一。
語言點(diǎn)1 “one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”的用法：
1)當(dāng)“one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”在句子中充當(dāng)主語時，實(shí)際主語是one，緊跟其后的謂語動詞一定用單數(shù)形式。
One of my students is a lawyer.我的一個學(xué)生是律師。
2)當(dāng)“one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”后加定語從句時，因?yàn)槎ㄕZ從句的關(guān)系代詞所修飾的先行詞不是one，而是of后面的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，所以從句的謂語動詞一定用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
Our organization is just one of many charities that are providing famine relief in the region.我們的組織僅僅是為這個饑荒地區(qū)提供救濟(jì)的慈善組織之一。
3)要注意，當(dāng)one前有the，thevery，the only等修飾限制時，從句中的謂語動詞一定要用單數(shù)。
She is the only one of the students who has already learnt Spanish.她是這些學(xué)生中一個曾學(xué)過西班牙語的人。
語言點(diǎn)2 believe in sth. / sb.信奉、相信某物/某人：
believe in Christ信奉基督教
believe in God 信仰上帝
believe in ghosts 相信鬼神
believe in Buddhism 信奉佛教
2.He has just bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with cars and their owners.
他剛在城里買了一所新房子，但自從他搬進(jìn)去后，就和汽車及車主們發(fā)生了摩擦。 語言點(diǎn)1 just常用于現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中，請參考Lesson5。
語言點(diǎn)2 in the city = in the downtown在市中心，在城里
相關(guān)表達(dá)：in the suburb在郊區(qū);in the border land在邊疆
I live in the suburb of Beijing and work in the city.我住在北京郎區(qū)，而在城里工作， 語言點(diǎn)3 have troublewith sth. / sb.和某物/某人有摩擦
Mr. Green always has trouble with his neighbours.格林先生總是和他的鄰居們鬧糾紛。
語言點(diǎn)4 move in遷入;move out遷出;move over挪動一下，騰出空位
3.when he returns home at night, he always finds that someone has parked a car outside hisgate.
當(dāng)他夜里回到家時，總會發(fā)現(xiàn)有人把車停在了他家的大門外。
語言點(diǎn) “動詞+ home”中間一般不需加介詞：return home返回家中;go home回家;leave home離開家，但stay at home (待在家中)為一個例外。
比較學(xué)習(xí)：home, house, family, household
home一個居所以及居于其中的家庭或社會單位;
house主要指建筑物和住宅;
family 一般側(cè)重指家庭成員;
household指住在一起的家庭成員及其他非親屬(如仆人)所組成的家庭單位。
4. Because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once.
因此，他甚至也沒能把自己的車開進(jìn)車庫。
語言點(diǎn)1 總結(jié)表達(dá)“原因”：
1) because +從句
I came late, because it was raining outside.因?yàn)橥饷嫦掠炅?，所以我來晚了?BR> 2) because of +名詞性短語
I came late because of traffic jam.因?yàn)槿?，所以我來?了。
3) For +名詞性短語/從句
For some reason, it came into use.因?yàn)槟撤N原因，它開始投入使用了。
4) due to +名詞性短語
My illness was due to terrible food.我生病是因?yàn)槌粤俗冑|(zhì)的食物造成的。
5) thanks to +名詞性短語
It was thanks to John that we won the game.多虧了約翰，我們才贏了這場比賽。
6) owing to +名詞性短語
They could not cross the river owing to the flood.由于洪水，他們不能過河。
深入總結(jié)：
1) because引導(dǎo)的從句可以放在句末或句中，而for引導(dǎo)的句子不能放在句中，
2) 在回答why的提問句時，只能用because回答，而不能用for回答。
3) because可以與 not...but...連用，而for不可以與 not...but...連用。
例：I did it not because I liked it but I had to do it.我做這件事不是因?yàn)橄矚g做，而是不得不做。
(×) I did it not for I liked it but I had to do it.(錯誤)
語言點(diǎn)2 比較學(xué)習(xí)：
drive car into somewhere.把車撞進(jìn)某地，撞車
get car into somewhere.把車開進(jìn)某地
原句替換用詞：
He has not been able to drive his own car into his garage even once.
他甚至也沒有成功地把他的車撞進(jìn)車庫里。(本句與原句意思迥然不同。)
5.Jasper has put up ‘No Parking, signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect.
賈斯珀曾把幾塊“禁止停車”的牌子掛在他的門外，但沒有任何效果。
語言點(diǎn)1 put up意為“掛起，豎起”。
語言點(diǎn)2 have not any effect = have no effect 沒有任何效果
原句還可改為：Jasper has put up ‘No Parking’ signs outside his gate, but these have had no effect (本句的效果沒有用have not had any effect好。)
6. Now he has put an ugly stone head over the gate.
現(xiàn)在他把一個丑陋的石雕頭像放在了大門上邊。
語言點(diǎn)1 put sth. over somewhere把某物放、摘在某處的上面
語言點(diǎn)2 an ugly stone head 一個丑陋的石雕頭像
7.It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen.
這是我見過的丑陋的頭像之一。
語言點(diǎn)1 經(jīng)典句型：形容詞高級/the only+名詞+ that引導(dǎo)定語從句(完成時態(tài))
這個句型結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)有三個：
1) 主句中有形容詞的高級或表示的詞，從句是由that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，that作從句中賓語時可省略。
2) 主句和定語從句的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)：
主句用一般現(xiàn)在時，宛語從句則用現(xiàn)在完成時;
主句用一般過去時,定語從句則用過去憲成時。
3) 定語從句中常有ever(曾經(jīng))放在have/had與過去分詞之間用來加強(qiáng)語氣。
語言點(diǎn)2 ...I have ever seen我曾經(jīng)見過的……
..I have ever done我曾經(jīng)做過的
...I have ever heard我曾經(jīng)聽說過的
例：This is the most difficult problem I have ever worked out.這是我曾經(jīng)做過的難的一道題。
This is the most amusing story 1 have ever heard.這是我曾經(jīng)聽過的好玩的一個故事。
8.I asked him what it was and he told me that it was Medusa, the Gorgon.
我問他那是什么，他告訴我那是蛇發(fā)女怪美杜莎。
語言點(diǎn)1 What it was為ask的賓語從句。
語言點(diǎn)2 the Gorgon是Medusa的同位語。
9.Jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone.
賈斯珀希望她把汽車和車主們都變成石頭。
語言點(diǎn) turn...to/into…意為“把……變成……”。Tum表示變化，指通過某種方法或外力使某人或某物改變特定的性質(zhì)、身份或外形。例：
Autumn turns the green leaves golden.秋天綠葉變成了金黃色。
The sky turned to pink at dawn. The night turned into day.天空在黎明時分變成了 粉紅色。黑夜變成了白天。
10.But none of them has been turned to stone yet!
但到目前為止還沒有一個人變成石頭呢!
語言點(diǎn) 總結(jié)學(xué)習(xí)：
1) “none of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語謂語動詞用單復(fù)數(shù)形式均可：
None of the televisions if/are working.沒有一臺電視機(jī)不是壞的。
2) “either of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語謂語動詞常用單數(shù)：
Is either of the sisters coming?這姐妹倆有哪個要來嗎?
3) “neither of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語謂語動詞用中單復(fù)數(shù)形式均可：
Neither of the twins is here,那對雙胞場都不在這里。
Neither of us enjoy getting up early.我們倆誰也不喜歡早起。
4) “any of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”謂語動詞一般多用單數(shù)，依上下文情況而定：
Have any of you actually seen UFO?你們中是不是有人確實(shí)看到過不明飛行物?
新概念英語第二冊Lesson29逐句精講
1. Captain Ben Fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and has begun a new service.
本•弗西特機(jī)長買了一輛不同尋常的出租汽車，開始了一項(xiàng)新的業(yè)務(wù)。
語言點(diǎn) 表達(dá)“與眾不同的，不尋常的”的詞匯：unusual, remarkable, uncommon, unwonted, differed.
2. The taxi is a small Swiss aeroplane called a ‘Pilatus Porter’.
這輛“出租車”是一架小型瑞士飛機(jī)，叫“皮勒特斯•波特”號。
語言點(diǎn) 本句中called引導(dǎo)的過去分詞短語作aeroplane的后置定語，相當(dāng)于定語從句。所以原句可改為：The ‘taxi’ isa small Swiss aeroplane which is called a ‘Pilatus Porter’
3. This wonderful plane can carry seven passengers.
這架奇妙的飛機(jī)可以載7名乘客。
語言點(diǎn) carry—般為以不接觸地面的方式攜帶，請參考Lesson 5。
4. The most surprising thing about it, however, is that it can land anywhere: on snow, water, or even on a ploughed field.
然而，令人驚奇的是它可以在任何地方降落：雪地上，水面上，甚至是剛耕過的田地里。
語言點(diǎn)1 重要句型：The most...is that...意為“……的是……”
The most surprising thing is that the little baby can stand..令人驚奇的是小嬰兒可以自己站起來。
The most amusing thing is that puppy runs in the race.有趣的是小狗參加賽跑。
The happiest thing is that we can speak English well.快樂的事情是我們都可以說一口漂亮的英文。
語言點(diǎn)2 句中that it can land anywhere是表語從句。
表語從句：從句放在系動詞后作表語。經(jīng)常引導(dǎo)表語從句的連詞有：that, whether, what, who, which, where, when, how, why.
例：My question is what you want to do.我的問題是你想做什么。
That is where we are interested in.那就是我們的興趣所在。
5. Captain Fawcett’s first passenger was a doctor who flew from Bormingham to a lonely village in the Welsh mountains.
弗西特機(jī)長的第一名乘客是位醫(yī)生，他從伯明翰飛往威爾士山區(qū)—個偏僻的村莊。
語言點(diǎn)1 此句中關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾doctor。
語言點(diǎn)2 lonely雖然以-ly結(jié)尾，從構(gòu)詞規(guī)律來看像副詞，但實(shí)際為形容詞。類述有friendly友好的, jolly偷快的, chilly寒冷的,goodly優(yōu)秀的
語言點(diǎn)3 mountain意為“山”;mountains意為“山脈，群山”。注意，表達(dá)“在群山之中"用介詞in。
6. Since then, Captain Fawcett has flown passengers to many unusual places.
從此，弗西特機(jī)長已經(jīng)送乘客到許多不尋常的地方。
語言點(diǎn)1 fly sb. to somewhere= send sb. by air/plane用飛機(jī)把乘客送到某個地方
所以原句還可以改為：Since then, Captain Fawcett has sent passengers to many usual places by air.
語言點(diǎn)2 since常用于現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。
7. Once he landed on the roof of a block of flats and on another occasion, he landed in a deserted car park.
，他把飛機(jī)降落在了一棟公寓樓的樓頂上;還有，他降落在了一個廢棄的停車場上。
語言點(diǎn)1 本句中of a block of flats是一個介詞短語,作roof的后置定語。
語言點(diǎn)2 on another occasion意為“還有”。注意occasion必須和介詞on連用。
對比學(xué)習(xí)：on occasion (= from time to time, now and then)不時地，有時
例：I only met her twice, once on the street and on another occasion at my friend’s house.
我只見過她兩次，在街上，還有在朋友家里。
語言點(diǎn)3 deserted意為“荒廢的”,近義詞為abandoned(被拋棄的)。
8. Captain Fawcett has just refused a strange request from a businessman.
弗西特機(jī)長剛剛拒絕了一位商人的奇怪要求。
語言點(diǎn) refuse sth. from sb.拒絕某人提出的某要求
9. The man wanted to fly to Rockall, a lonely island in the Atlantic Ocean, but Captain Fawcett did nottake him because the trip was too dangerous.
那個人想要飛往大西洋中的一個孤島——羅卡爾島，但是弗西特機(jī)長拒絕送他去，因?yàn)槟嵌物w行太危險了。
語言點(diǎn)1 a lonely island in the Atlantic Ocean 為Rockall的同位語。
語窗點(diǎn)2 too dangerous過于危險(貶義);very dangerous非常危險(中性，指危險程度較大)
新概念英語第二冊Lesson30逐句精講
1. The Wayle Is a small river that cuts across the park near my home.
烕爾河是條橫穿我家附近公園的一條小河。
語言點(diǎn)1 本句中that引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾river。
語言點(diǎn)2 small”小的”，常用于以下短語：feel small感到慚愧 speak small低聲說話 small potato 小人物 small years 小時候small talk 閑聊small nature 小心眼
比較學(xué)習(xí)：small, little, diminutive, minute, tiny
1) small指面積、體積等小的，如：
This suit is too small for my father.這件西裝我父親穿著太小了。，
2) little指具體人或物小時，常有贊賞、愛憐等感情色彩，如：
Mary is a smart little girl.瑪麗是一個聰明的小姑娘。
3) diminutive指較通常來說為小的，有時指很小的，如：
My grandmother’s feet are diminutive.我奶奶的腳長得很小.
4) minute指微小的，如：
a minute observer 一位細(xì)心的觀察者
5) tiny指極小的，如：
In towns that are near the sea, the tiny lanterns…are placed into the water when the festival is over.在濱海城鎮(zhèn)中，這些小燈籠在節(jié)后就放在了水里。
語言點(diǎn)3 cut across = cut through 橫穿
2. I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons.
我喜歡在天氣明朗的下午到河邊坐坐。
like “喜歡，愛好”，常見的用法如下：
1) like sth./to do/doing 喜歡(做)
I like lobster but it does not like me.我喜歡吃龍蝦，但它不宜于我的健康。
He likes swimming.他喜歡游泳。
I don’t like to bother you.我不想打擾你。
2) should / would like 想，希望
1 should like to stay in bed.我想躺在床上。
語言點(diǎn)2 by和beside作“在……旁邊”講時有細(xì)微的區(qū)別：beside多用于靠近某人，而by多用于靠近某物。
Please sit beside your brother.請坐在你弟弟旁邊。
I am standing by the desk.我站在桌子旁。
語言點(diǎn)3 fine afternoons晴朗的下午
表達(dá)“晴朗的”的詞匯：fine, fair, serene, sunny, sunshiny
3. It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual.
上星期日很暖和，我和往常一樣又去河邊坐著：
語言點(diǎn)1 這是一個由so連接的并列句，請參考Lesson 25。
語言點(diǎn)2 as usual = as per usual和往常一樣
4. Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river.
河岸上有些孩子正在玩耍，河面上有些人正在劃船。
語言點(diǎn)1 本句為and連接的并列句，兩個分句前后呼應(yīng)。例：
A couple of students are reading books in the classroom and there are several workers digging road on the street.
三兩個學(xué)生正在教室里讀書，外面有幾個工人在街上枕路。
語言點(diǎn)2 some常用于肯定句中，any常用于否定句和疑問句中。有兩種特例情況some可用在疑問句中代替any：
1) 表達(dá)希望知道時：
Could you give me some water ? 你能給我點(diǎn)水喝嗎?
2) 表達(dá)熱情邀請時：
Would you like some apples ? 你想不想吃點(diǎn)蘋果?
5. Suddenly, one of the children kicked a bail very hard and it went towards a passing boat.
突然，一個小孩猛踢了一腳球，球便向著一只劃過來的小船飛去。
語言點(diǎn)1 suddenly = abruptly突然地，唐突地(多用于書面語中)
語言點(diǎn)2 one of the children作主語，這是“ one of+范圍”表示“其中之一”的結(jié)構(gòu)。
語言點(diǎn)3 passing在此為現(xiàn)在分詞，相當(dāng)于形容詞作前置定語。
6. Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but he did not hear them.
河岸上的一些人對著小船上的人高喊，但他沒有聽到。
語言點(diǎn)1 on the bank修飾people, in the boat修飾man,類似的介詞短語作后置定語均起限定修飾 作用。
語言點(diǎn)2 call out to朝……大聲叫喊
7. The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.
球重重地砸在他的身上，使他差點(diǎn)兒落入水中。
語言點(diǎn)1 fell v.跌落，倒下(過去式fell,過去分詞fallen)
fell n.秋天(美式英語);autumn n.秋天(英式英語)
falls = waterfall n.瀑布 Niagara Falls尼亞加拉大瀑布
相關(guān)短語：fall ill 病倒 fall in love 陷入愛河
諺語學(xué)習(xí)：A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.吃一塹，長一智。
語言點(diǎn)2 ...that he nearly fell into the water.這是一個結(jié)果狀語從句。
8. I turned to look at the children, but there weren‘t any in sight: they had all run away!
我轉(zhuǎn)過頭去看那些孩子，但一個也不見，他們?nèi)寂芰?
語言點(diǎn)1 sb. be in sight.某人在視線里→可以看到某人sb. be not in sight.某人不在視線里→看不到某人
語言點(diǎn)2 turned to look at轉(zhuǎn)過身去看，turned為謂語動詞。
語言點(diǎn)3 冒號后的內(nèi)容一般為解釋說明前面的內(nèi)容。
9. The man laughed when he realized what had happened.
當(dāng)那個人明白了發(fā)生的事情時，笑了起來。
語言點(diǎn) 本句中when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，其中又包含一個賓語從句：what had happened 為 realized 的賓語。