成功=時(shí)間+方法，自制力是這個(gè)等式的保障。世上無天才，高手都是來自刻苦的練習(xí)。而大家往往只看到“牛人”閃耀的成績，忽視其成績背后無比寂寞的勤奮。以下為“2020年6月大學(xué)英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法知識4篇”，歡迎閱讀參考！更多相關(guān)訊息請關(guān)注！
【篇一】2020年6月大學(xué)英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法知識
英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法知識：一致關(guān)系
英語的一致有三種:主謂一致，代詞一致，肯定與否定一致
一、主語與謂語的一致
英語語法要求，主語如果是單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)形式;主語若是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞也要用復(fù)數(shù)形式 例如:
We all like good food.我們都喜歡好飯菜。
Everybody was happy with the decision. 人人都對這個(gè)決定感到高興。
二、概念一致
1. And連接的兩個(gè)或多個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式 His opinion and mine are different他的觀點(diǎn)和我的是不同的。
Bob and Peter are deadly rivals. Bob和peter是死對頭。
但是如果and連接的是指一個(gè)單一概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
Bread and milk has been my breakfast for years. 牛奶面包多年來一直是我的早餐。
由and連接的單數(shù)主語分別有many a，ever y，each，no修飾時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 如：During the holidays, every train and every plane was crowded.假期期間每列火車及每架飛機(jī)都非常擁擠。
2.如果主語是一個(gè)抽象概念(如不定式、動(dòng)名詞、主語從句等)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如果主語是用and連接的兩個(gè)或多個(gè)抽象概念，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 如：Swimming jogging and cycling are all goad farms of sports exercises.游泳、慢跑和騎自行車都是很好的運(yùn)動(dòng)形式。
以what，who，why，haw, whether等wh一詞引起的從句做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù);由and連接的兩個(gè)主句如果指兩件事，動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 例如:What he is doing is not clear yet他在干什么還不清楚
以what從句為主語的“主一系一表SVC"句型中，如果主句的表語是復(fù)數(shù)，主句謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;what從句本身是復(fù)數(shù)意義，主句謂語動(dòng)詞也可用復(fù)數(shù)。 如：What I need buy now are four tea cups and a pair of sports shoes. 我需要買的是四只茶杯和一雙運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋。
3.集體名詞family，class，crew(全體船員或機(jī)組人員)，crowd, group, committee, audience, government, public, team, staff, population等做主語時(shí)，若作為一個(gè)整體看待，后面謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù); 如就其中每一個(gè)成員來考慮時(shí)，則用復(fù)數(shù)。 例如: My family is a big one.我家人多。
People, police, cattle,(牛)，militia(民兵)，poultry(家禽)，vermin(害出)等作主語時(shí)，后面的動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。
4.不定代詞either，neither，ever y，each，one，the other, another以及所有的復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞只用單數(shù)，包括“every/each/no……and every/each/no……”作主語時(shí)。
如：Every/Each plane and every/each pilot is ready to take off. 每架飛機(jī)和每個(gè)飛行員都已準(zhǔn)備好起飛。
5. what，who，which，any，mare，some，half，mast，all，none.等代詞可以是單數(shù)，也可以是復(fù)數(shù)，主要靠意思決定。但指不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)作單數(shù)看待。
6.表示時(shí)間、重量、長度、價(jià)值等的單位名詞，盡管是復(fù)數(shù)形式，如果作整體看待，動(dòng)詞都用單數(shù)形式。如果看作組成該數(shù)量的一個(gè)一個(gè)的個(gè)體，則動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 如：Twenty miles is a long way to walk. 走二十英里可是很長的一段路。
7. “the+形容詞”表示一類人時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。表示抽象概念或指個(gè)別事物時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
如：The old are well taken care of. 老人得到很好的照顧。
8. 如果主語由"a kind/sort/type of this kind/sort/type of +名詞”組成，不管名詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。
如：This kind of man annoys me. =This kind of men annoys me. 這種人讓我煩。 類似的還有:a portion of(一部分)，a series of(一系列)，a pile of(一堆)，a panel of (一個(gè)小組委員會(huì))，
如：A series of accidents has happened here. 這里發(fā)生過一系列事故。
9. Means作“方法、手段”講時(shí)，單復(fù)數(shù)同形，其前面有each, every, neither, either,等單數(shù)a念的定語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);若有all, both，these等復(fù)數(shù)概念的定語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
“None of the means”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。
如：There is/are no means of learning what is happening. 沒法知道正在發(fā)生什么事。
三、就近一致
1.當(dāng)主語由either...... or. neither...... nor , not only ...... but(also) 或or連接時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常和最臨近的那個(gè)主語一致。
例如：Either you or he is to do the work. 不是你就是他來做這件事。
2.當(dāng)there be結(jié)構(gòu)后面有并列主語時(shí)，謂語也和最臨近的那個(gè)一致。 如：There is a dictionary and many books on the table. 桌子上有一本詞典和許多本書。
這種就近一致的情況在非正式文體中越來越普遍。但在下列情況不提倡模訪。 如：Where is your mother and sisters 你 媽媽和你姐妹到哪兒去了
3.做主語的名詞或代詞后接with，together with，along with，as well as等短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般和前面名詞或代詞一致。這些短語前后可用可不用逗號。 如：A woman with a baby is coming to the hospital 一個(gè)婦女抱著個(gè)嬰兒正向醫(yī)院走來。
四、代詞一致
代詞一致是指句子中代詞應(yīng)在數(shù)、性、人稱等方面彼此保持一致， 如：One must do one\' s best to increase production. Everybody talked at the tap of his/their voice.
If anyone calls, tell him I\' 11 be back in a moment. (him也可用him or her代替) 在寫作中，如果表示不定的人，可以用you, we, one等，需要注意的是：同一篇文章中，只用同一個(gè)不定代詞，而且所有格要與其一致。
【篇二】2020年6月大學(xué)英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法知識
英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法知識：虛擬語氣
1. 表示現(xiàn)在/過去/將來情況的虛擬條件句
虛擬條件句主要有三種結(jié)構(gòu)：
1) 表示與現(xiàn)在情況相反：主句謂語用“would / could / might +動(dòng)詞原形”，從句謂語用“動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)”(動(dòng)詞be的過去式一律用were)。
If I were you, I would not accept his offer.
If I had time, I would certainly go to the cinema with you.
2) 表示與過去情況相反：主句謂語用“would / could / might + have +過去分詞”，從句謂語用過去完成時(shí)。
If I had got up a little earlier, I wouldn’t have missed the train.
If I had been more careful, I might have passed that exam.
3) 表示與將來情況相反：主句謂語用“would / could / might +動(dòng)詞原形”，從句謂語用“were +動(dòng)詞不定式”或“should +動(dòng)詞原形”。
If I were to do the job, I would not be able to have enough time to study.
If it should rain tomorrow, I would not go out with you.
2. 虛擬條件句連接詞if的省略
如果虛擬條件句的從句中含有were, had, should, could等詞時(shí)，可以省略連接詞if，但這時(shí)必須把were, had, should, could等詞移到主語前面，形成倒裝。這種句型主要用于書面形式。
Were I to do the job, I would finish doing it within two weeks.
Had it not been for his help, we couldn’t have arrived there on time.
Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.
3. wish后賓語從句中的謂語構(gòu)成
動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語從句表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，其賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣，有以下三種構(gòu)成形式。
1) 表示現(xiàn)在不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)。(be的過去式為were)。
I wish I had enough money to buy a car.
I wish I were as young and energetic as you.
2) 表示過去未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)(had +過去分詞)或“would / could + have +過去分詞 ”。
I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake.
I wish I could have done it better.
3) 表示將來不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用“would / should (could, might) +動(dòng)詞原形”。
I wish I would not get old.
I wish I could travel around the world one day.
4. 某些動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣
在一些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣。這時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞原形或should +動(dòng)詞原形。這類動(dòng)詞一般表示命令，要求，決定，建議，主張等概念，主要有：advise, ask, command, decide, demand, desire, direct, insist, move, order, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest,等。
The workers demanded that their wages (should) be raised by 10 per cent.
The teacher decided that you do the experiment first.
5. 某些名詞后的表語從句和同位語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣
在一些名詞后面的表語從句和同位語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣。這時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞原形或should +動(dòng)詞原形。這類名詞一般表示命令，要求，決定，建議，主張等概念，主要有：advice, idea, instruction, motion, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion,等。
My suggestion is that we (should) send for a doctor immediately.
He gave the order that they (should) do the experiment again.
6. 錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句
條件從句表示的動(dòng)作和主句表示的動(dòng)作，有時(shí)發(fā)生的時(shí)間是不一致的.如從句是對過去情況的假設(shè)，而主句可能是對現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行情況的假設(shè)。 這種句子稱為錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句.
If the weather had been more favourable, the crops would be growing still better.
【篇三】2020年6月大學(xué)英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法知識
英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法知識：動(dòng)名詞
動(dòng)名詞可以起名詞的作用，在句子中作主語，賓語，表語，定語。動(dòng)名詞仍保留動(dòng)詞的一般特征，可以有自己的賓語和狀語，構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞短語。 動(dòng)名詞的否定形式是在前面加上not, never等否定詞。
(一) 做主語和表語。動(dòng)名詞短語用and連起來做主語時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
例如：
Fishing in this lake is forbidden. 這個(gè)湖里禁止釣魚。
在It’s no use; It’s (no) good; It’s useless It’s (not) wise; It’s (not) worthwhile; It’s of great (no, little) importance 等習(xí)慣表達(dá)中，It為形式主語，而將做主語的動(dòng)名詞短語放在后面。例如：
It’s no use /good ringing her up now. 現(xiàn)在給她打電話沒用了。
It’s wise trying again. 再試一次是明智的。
It is no good smoking; you’d better give it up. 吸煙沒好處，你戒掉。
(二) 動(dòng)名詞短語作賓語。
常用的能接動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞有：admit承認(rèn)，appreciate 感激，avoid 避免，advise 建議，can’t help 不禁，celebrate 慶祝，consider 考慮，complete 完成， contemplate沉思、打算，defer推遲，delay 延期，deny 否認(rèn)，detest 痛恨，discontinue 停止， dislike不喜歡，dispute不同意，endure 忍耐，enjoy 喜歡， escape逃脫，excuse 原諒， fancy想象，feel like 想要， finish結(jié)束， 嚴(yán)禁，forgive 原諒，hinder 阻礙，imagine想象，keep 保持，mention 提到，mind 在意，miss 錯(cuò)過，pardon 饒恕、原諒，permit允許，postpone 推遲，practise 實(shí)踐、練習(xí)，prevent 阻止， recall 回憶， report報(bào)告，resent 怨恨， resist抵制、阻止，risk冒險(xiǎn)，stop 停止，suggest 建議，understand 明白、理解，等等。 例如：
He avoided giving me a definite answer. 他避免給我一個(gè)正確答案。
(我們把這句話改為虛擬語氣：David suggested that you (should) sell your dog and car to pay the debt. )
下列動(dòng)詞既可用動(dòng)詞不定式又可用動(dòng)名詞做賓語：
abhor憎惡，attempt 試圖，begin 開始，cannot bear 無法忍受，cannot stand無法忍受，cease停止，continue，繼續(xù),，decline 拒絕，deserve值得，disdain蔑視，dread害怕，endure忍耐，forget忘記，hate 痛恨，intend打算，learn學(xué)，like 喜歡，loathe厭惡，love喜歡，mean意思是、意味著，need需要，neglect疏忽，omit省略，忽略，plan計(jì)劃，prefer更喜歡，propose建議，regret后悔，remember記得，require需要，scorn蔑視、瞧不起，start開始，try嘗試，努力，entail必須，involve涉及，necessitate使成為必要，等。以上多數(shù)動(dòng)詞用不定式或用動(dòng)名詞作賓語意思一樣，個(gè)別不同。
(三) 動(dòng)名詞短語作介詞賓語的時(shí)候最多。
尤其是在短語動(dòng)詞后面。如：
The children are fond of listening to pop music. 孩子們喜歡流行音樂。
Thomas insisted on doing it in his own way. 托馬斯堅(jiān)持按他自己的方法做這件事。
我們把這句話改為虛擬語氣：
Since returning from Xi’an, he has been busy. 從西安回來后，他一直很忙。 He warned me againstmming in this lake. 他警告我不要在這個(gè)湖里游泳。
(四)動(dòng)名詞也可以有自己的邏輯主語，就是在動(dòng)名詞短語前面加上物主代詞或名詞的所有格。
帶邏輯主語的動(dòng)名詞短語可做主語，賓語，表語等。在非正式文體當(dāng)中，經(jīng)常把物主代詞簡化為賓格人稱代詞，把名詞所有格簡化為名詞。例如：
I insisted on his (him) going to the cinema with me. 我堅(jiān)持要他和我一起去看電影。
Linda’s coming will do you good.(主語) 林達(dá)的到來對你有好處。
What made him angry was their (them) laughing.(表語)使他生氣的是他們笑。
(五)動(dòng)名詞的完成式和被動(dòng)語態(tài)：
(1)完成式表示動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前。例如：
I apologize for having broken my promise. 我沒有遵守諾言，我道歉。
(2)當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語是動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)作的對象或承受者時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如：
She was proud of having been trained in the U.K. 在英國受過訓(xùn)，她感到自豪。 他不喜歡嘲笑別人。 →He doesn’t like laughing at others. 他不喜歡被人嘲笑?！鶫e doesn’t like being laughed at.
(六)某些動(dòng)詞可接不定式也可接動(dòng)名詞做賓語，但意義有差別。
(1)like, love, hate, prefer等表示喜愛，厭惡的動(dòng)詞后面，可用動(dòng)名詞也可用不定式作賓語，意義差別不大。但當(dāng)這些詞前面有should或would時(shí)，一定要用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語。表示想要，愿意，打算。例如：
(2) forget to do sth.忘記去做某事(未做) forget doing sth.忘記做過某事(已做) 例如：
The light in the office is still on. She forgot to turn it off. 辦公室的燈還在亮著。她忘記關(guān)了。(關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作沒做)
The light in the office is off. She turned it off, but she forgot turning it off. 辦公室的燈沒亮著。是她關(guān)的，但她忘記關(guān)過燈。(已關(guān)過燈，她忘了)
(3)remember to do sth.記著去做某事 remember doing sth. 記得做過某事 例如：
Do you remember meeting me at a party last year 你記得去年一次宴會(huì)上見過我嗎(已見過面)
You must remember to leave tomorrow。 你一定要記著明天離開。(還沒離開)
(4)stop to do sth. 停下來去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 例如：
She stopped to have a rest on a big rock by the side of the path. 她停下來，在路邊的一塊大石頭上休息。
As long as you live, your heart never stops beating, 只要你活著，你的心臟就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)停止跳動(dòng)。
(5) regret to do sth. 對尚未做的或正在做的事情表示遺憾; regret doing sth. 對已做的事情表示后悔 例如：
I regret saying that. 我后悔說了那話。 I regret to tell you the following truth. 我非常遺憾地告訴你下面這個(gè)事實(shí)。
(6)try to do sth努力去做某事 try doing sth.做某事試一試 例如：
You must try to do it again. 你必須想方設(shè)法再做一次。
Let’s try doing the work in some other way. 咱們用另一種方法做這工作試試。
(7) mean to do sth. 打算、意欲做某事 mean doing sth.意味著做某事
【篇四】2020年6月大學(xué)英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法知識
英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法知識：常見句式
1. 常考的幾種倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)
1) 當(dāng)表示否定或基本否定的詞或詞組位于句首作狀語時(shí)用倒裝。這類詞或詞組常用的有：never, nowhere, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, barely, not until, not only, by no means, in no time, under no circumstances, under no condition, in no way, in no case, at no time, on no account等。
Never have I heard it before.
Nowhere can I find my lost watch.
Under no circumstance should a student cheat in the exam.
Not only was Churchill a statesman, but also a poet.
Note: 當(dāng) “no sooner … than”和“hardly/scarcely … when/before”位于句首時(shí)用倒裝。該結(jié)構(gòu)表示“一…就…”，在時(shí)態(tài)上主句一般用過去完成時(shí)，when或than引導(dǎo)的從句用一般過去時(shí)。
Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when/before the bell rang.
No sooner had the performance begun than the lights went out.
2) 當(dāng)here, there, then, thus, only, hence, little等副詞位于句首，句中主、謂用倒裝。
Here is the book for you.
There goes the bell.
Then came the order to take off.
Thus arose the division between the developed and developing countries.
3) 當(dāng) “so/such … that”結(jié)構(gòu)中的so或such 位于句首時(shí)用倒裝。
So cold was it at night that I could hardly fall asleep.
Such was the force of explosion that all the windows were broken.
4) 分句以so, neither, nor, no more等副詞位于句首，表明前面句子中所說明的情況也使用于后面的句子時(shí)用倒裝。
Copper is a good conductor. So are many other metals.
He didn’t see the film last night, neither did she.
2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型
這里講的強(qiáng)調(diào)句主要是以it為引導(dǎo)詞的分 裂句。其構(gòu)成形式為：It is (was) +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that(who, which) + 句子的其他部分。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分通常為主語、賓語和狀語。
It is only when one is ill that one realizes the value of health.
It is what you will do that is essential.
Note:
在被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分的后面，一般用that引出句子的其他部分。但是如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是表示人的名詞，那么也可用who;如果是指物的名詞也可用which。
It was Jane that/who lent me the money.
It was this novel that/which they talked about last night.
如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是原因狀語從句，只能用because引導(dǎo)，不能由since, as或why引導(dǎo)。
It was because(不用since或as) he had never had the opportunity that John hadn’t learned to drive.
有三類句子成分不可以進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，即表語、謂語動(dòng)詞和由though, although, whereas等引導(dǎo)的從句。
It is although he is young that he can speak four languages. (誤)
Although he is young, he can speak four languages. (正)
It is whereas he prefers pop song that I like classical music. (誤)
I like classical music whereas he prefers pop songs. (正)
3. 使役動(dòng)詞后的賓語補(bǔ)足語
使役動(dòng)詞除了要有賓語之外還要加上賓語補(bǔ)足語才能使句子的意義完整。常用的使役動(dòng)詞有：have, want, make, get, leave, set, let等?？梢該?dān)當(dāng)使役動(dòng)詞賓語補(bǔ)足語的有名詞，形容詞，介詞短語，動(dòng)詞不定式和分詞等。
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
A good night’s rest will set you right.
Note:
動(dòng)詞不定式可以擔(dān)當(dāng)使役動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語，但在make, let, have等使役動(dòng)詞后，動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)不用to。
He made her give up the opportunity.
What would you have me do?
Her pride would not let her do this.
分詞也可以擔(dān)當(dāng)使役動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)意義，而過去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成的被動(dòng)意義。
Her remark left me wondering what he was driving at.
The joke set them all laughing.
He managed to get the job done on time.
I’ve just had some new photos taken.
【篇一】2020年6月大學(xué)英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法知識
英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法知識：一致關(guān)系
英語的一致有三種:主謂一致，代詞一致，肯定與否定一致
一、主語與謂語的一致
英語語法要求，主語如果是單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)形式;主語若是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞也要用復(fù)數(shù)形式 例如:
We all like good food.我們都喜歡好飯菜。
Everybody was happy with the decision. 人人都對這個(gè)決定感到高興。
二、概念一致
1. And連接的兩個(gè)或多個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式 His opinion and mine are different他的觀點(diǎn)和我的是不同的。
Bob and Peter are deadly rivals. Bob和peter是死對頭。
但是如果and連接的是指一個(gè)單一概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
Bread and milk has been my breakfast for years. 牛奶面包多年來一直是我的早餐。
由and連接的單數(shù)主語分別有many a，ever y，each，no修飾時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 如：During the holidays, every train and every plane was crowded.假期期間每列火車及每架飛機(jī)都非常擁擠。
2.如果主語是一個(gè)抽象概念(如不定式、動(dòng)名詞、主語從句等)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如果主語是用and連接的兩個(gè)或多個(gè)抽象概念，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 如：Swimming jogging and cycling are all goad farms of sports exercises.游泳、慢跑和騎自行車都是很好的運(yùn)動(dòng)形式。
以what，who，why，haw, whether等wh一詞引起的從句做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù);由and連接的兩個(gè)主句如果指兩件事，動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 例如:What he is doing is not clear yet他在干什么還不清楚
以what從句為主語的“主一系一表SVC"句型中，如果主句的表語是復(fù)數(shù)，主句謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;what從句本身是復(fù)數(shù)意義，主句謂語動(dòng)詞也可用復(fù)數(shù)。 如：What I need buy now are four tea cups and a pair of sports shoes. 我需要買的是四只茶杯和一雙運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋。
3.集體名詞family，class，crew(全體船員或機(jī)組人員)，crowd, group, committee, audience, government, public, team, staff, population等做主語時(shí)，若作為一個(gè)整體看待，后面謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù); 如就其中每一個(gè)成員來考慮時(shí)，則用復(fù)數(shù)。 例如: My family is a big one.我家人多。
People, police, cattle,(牛)，militia(民兵)，poultry(家禽)，vermin(害出)等作主語時(shí)，后面的動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)。
4.不定代詞either，neither，ever y，each，one，the other, another以及所有的復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞只用單數(shù)，包括“every/each/no……and every/each/no……”作主語時(shí)。
如：Every/Each plane and every/each pilot is ready to take off. 每架飛機(jī)和每個(gè)飛行員都已準(zhǔn)備好起飛。
5. what，who，which，any，mare，some，half，mast，all，none.等代詞可以是單數(shù)，也可以是復(fù)數(shù)，主要靠意思決定。但指不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)作單數(shù)看待。
6.表示時(shí)間、重量、長度、價(jià)值等的單位名詞，盡管是復(fù)數(shù)形式，如果作整體看待，動(dòng)詞都用單數(shù)形式。如果看作組成該數(shù)量的一個(gè)一個(gè)的個(gè)體，則動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 如：Twenty miles is a long way to walk. 走二十英里可是很長的一段路。
7. “the+形容詞”表示一類人時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。表示抽象概念或指個(gè)別事物時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
如：The old are well taken care of. 老人得到很好的照顧。
8. 如果主語由"a kind/sort/type of this kind/sort/type of +名詞”組成，不管名詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。
如：This kind of man annoys me. =This kind of men annoys me. 這種人讓我煩。 類似的還有:a portion of(一部分)，a series of(一系列)，a pile of(一堆)，a panel of (一個(gè)小組委員會(huì))，
如：A series of accidents has happened here. 這里發(fā)生過一系列事故。
9. Means作“方法、手段”講時(shí)，單復(fù)數(shù)同形，其前面有each, every, neither, either,等單數(shù)a念的定語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);若有all, both，these等復(fù)數(shù)概念的定語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。
“None of the means”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。
如：There is/are no means of learning what is happening. 沒法知道正在發(fā)生什么事。
三、就近一致
1.當(dāng)主語由either...... or. neither...... nor , not only ...... but(also) 或or連接時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常和最臨近的那個(gè)主語一致。
例如：Either you or he is to do the work. 不是你就是他來做這件事。
2.當(dāng)there be結(jié)構(gòu)后面有并列主語時(shí)，謂語也和最臨近的那個(gè)一致。 如：There is a dictionary and many books on the table. 桌子上有一本詞典和許多本書。
這種就近一致的情況在非正式文體中越來越普遍。但在下列情況不提倡模訪。 如：Where is your mother and sisters 你 媽媽和你姐妹到哪兒去了
3.做主語的名詞或代詞后接with，together with，along with，as well as等短語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般和前面名詞或代詞一致。這些短語前后可用可不用逗號。 如：A woman with a baby is coming to the hospital 一個(gè)婦女抱著個(gè)嬰兒正向醫(yī)院走來。
四、代詞一致
代詞一致是指句子中代詞應(yīng)在數(shù)、性、人稱等方面彼此保持一致， 如：One must do one\' s best to increase production. Everybody talked at the tap of his/their voice.
If anyone calls, tell him I\' 11 be back in a moment. (him也可用him or her代替) 在寫作中，如果表示不定的人，可以用you, we, one等，需要注意的是：同一篇文章中，只用同一個(gè)不定代詞，而且所有格要與其一致。
【篇二】2020年6月大學(xué)英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法知識
英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法知識：虛擬語氣
1. 表示現(xiàn)在/過去/將來情況的虛擬條件句
虛擬條件句主要有三種結(jié)構(gòu)：
1) 表示與現(xiàn)在情況相反：主句謂語用“would / could / might +動(dòng)詞原形”，從句謂語用“動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)”(動(dòng)詞be的過去式一律用were)。
If I were you, I would not accept his offer.
If I had time, I would certainly go to the cinema with you.
2) 表示與過去情況相反：主句謂語用“would / could / might + have +過去分詞”，從句謂語用過去完成時(shí)。
If I had got up a little earlier, I wouldn’t have missed the train.
If I had been more careful, I might have passed that exam.
3) 表示與將來情況相反：主句謂語用“would / could / might +動(dòng)詞原形”，從句謂語用“were +動(dòng)詞不定式”或“should +動(dòng)詞原形”。
If I were to do the job, I would not be able to have enough time to study.
If it should rain tomorrow, I would not go out with you.
2. 虛擬條件句連接詞if的省略
如果虛擬條件句的從句中含有were, had, should, could等詞時(shí)，可以省略連接詞if，但這時(shí)必須把were, had, should, could等詞移到主語前面，形成倒裝。這種句型主要用于書面形式。
Were I to do the job, I would finish doing it within two weeks.
Had it not been for his help, we couldn’t have arrived there on time.
Should it rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.
3. wish后賓語從句中的謂語構(gòu)成
動(dòng)詞wish后的賓語從句表示未實(shí)現(xiàn)的或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，其賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣，有以下三種構(gòu)成形式。
1) 表示現(xiàn)在不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)。(be的過去式為were)。
I wish I had enough money to buy a car.
I wish I were as young and energetic as you.
2) 表示過去未能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)(had +過去分詞)或“would / could + have +過去分詞 ”。
I wish I hadn’t made such a mistake.
I wish I could have done it better.
3) 表示將來不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用“would / should (could, might) +動(dòng)詞原形”。
I wish I would not get old.
I wish I could travel around the world one day.
4. 某些動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣
在一些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣。這時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞原形或should +動(dòng)詞原形。這類動(dòng)詞一般表示命令，要求，決定，建議，主張等概念，主要有：advise, ask, command, decide, demand, desire, direct, insist, move, order, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest,等。
The workers demanded that their wages (should) be raised by 10 per cent.
The teacher decided that you do the experiment first.
5. 某些名詞后的表語從句和同位語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣
在一些名詞后面的表語從句和同位語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣。這時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞原形或should +動(dòng)詞原形。這類名詞一般表示命令，要求，決定，建議，主張等概念，主要有：advice, idea, instruction, motion, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion,等。
My suggestion is that we (should) send for a doctor immediately.
He gave the order that they (should) do the experiment again.
6. 錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句
條件從句表示的動(dòng)作和主句表示的動(dòng)作，有時(shí)發(fā)生的時(shí)間是不一致的.如從句是對過去情況的假設(shè)，而主句可能是對現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行情況的假設(shè)。 這種句子稱為錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句.
If the weather had been more favourable, the crops would be growing still better.
【篇三】2020年6月大學(xué)英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法知識
英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法知識：動(dòng)名詞
動(dòng)名詞可以起名詞的作用，在句子中作主語，賓語，表語，定語。動(dòng)名詞仍保留動(dòng)詞的一般特征，可以有自己的賓語和狀語，構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞短語。 動(dòng)名詞的否定形式是在前面加上not, never等否定詞。
(一) 做主語和表語。動(dòng)名詞短語用and連起來做主語時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
例如：
Fishing in this lake is forbidden. 這個(gè)湖里禁止釣魚。
在It’s no use; It’s (no) good; It’s useless It’s (not) wise; It’s (not) worthwhile; It’s of great (no, little) importance 等習(xí)慣表達(dá)中，It為形式主語，而將做主語的動(dòng)名詞短語放在后面。例如：
It’s no use /good ringing her up now. 現(xiàn)在給她打電話沒用了。
It’s wise trying again. 再試一次是明智的。
It is no good smoking; you’d better give it up. 吸煙沒好處，你戒掉。
(二) 動(dòng)名詞短語作賓語。
常用的能接動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞有：admit承認(rèn)，appreciate 感激，avoid 避免，advise 建議，can’t help 不禁，celebrate 慶祝，consider 考慮，complete 完成， contemplate沉思、打算，defer推遲，delay 延期，deny 否認(rèn)，detest 痛恨，discontinue 停止， dislike不喜歡，dispute不同意，endure 忍耐，enjoy 喜歡， escape逃脫，excuse 原諒， fancy想象，feel like 想要， finish結(jié)束， 嚴(yán)禁，forgive 原諒，hinder 阻礙，imagine想象，keep 保持，mention 提到，mind 在意，miss 錯(cuò)過，pardon 饒恕、原諒，permit允許，postpone 推遲，practise 實(shí)踐、練習(xí)，prevent 阻止， recall 回憶， report報(bào)告，resent 怨恨， resist抵制、阻止，risk冒險(xiǎn)，stop 停止，suggest 建議，understand 明白、理解，等等。 例如：
He avoided giving me a definite answer. 他避免給我一個(gè)正確答案。
(我們把這句話改為虛擬語氣：David suggested that you (should) sell your dog and car to pay the debt. )
下列動(dòng)詞既可用動(dòng)詞不定式又可用動(dòng)名詞做賓語：
abhor憎惡，attempt 試圖，begin 開始，cannot bear 無法忍受，cannot stand無法忍受，cease停止，continue，繼續(xù),，decline 拒絕，deserve值得，disdain蔑視，dread害怕，endure忍耐，forget忘記，hate 痛恨，intend打算，learn學(xué)，like 喜歡，loathe厭惡，love喜歡，mean意思是、意味著，need需要，neglect疏忽，omit省略，忽略，plan計(jì)劃，prefer更喜歡，propose建議，regret后悔，remember記得，require需要，scorn蔑視、瞧不起，start開始，try嘗試，努力，entail必須，involve涉及，necessitate使成為必要，等。以上多數(shù)動(dòng)詞用不定式或用動(dòng)名詞作賓語意思一樣，個(gè)別不同。
(三) 動(dòng)名詞短語作介詞賓語的時(shí)候最多。
尤其是在短語動(dòng)詞后面。如：
The children are fond of listening to pop music. 孩子們喜歡流行音樂。
Thomas insisted on doing it in his own way. 托馬斯堅(jiān)持按他自己的方法做這件事。
我們把這句話改為虛擬語氣：
Since returning from Xi’an, he has been busy. 從西安回來后，他一直很忙。 He warned me againstmming in this lake. 他警告我不要在這個(gè)湖里游泳。
(四)動(dòng)名詞也可以有自己的邏輯主語，就是在動(dòng)名詞短語前面加上物主代詞或名詞的所有格。
帶邏輯主語的動(dòng)名詞短語可做主語，賓語，表語等。在非正式文體當(dāng)中，經(jīng)常把物主代詞簡化為賓格人稱代詞，把名詞所有格簡化為名詞。例如：
I insisted on his (him) going to the cinema with me. 我堅(jiān)持要他和我一起去看電影。
Linda’s coming will do you good.(主語) 林達(dá)的到來對你有好處。
What made him angry was their (them) laughing.(表語)使他生氣的是他們笑。
(五)動(dòng)名詞的完成式和被動(dòng)語態(tài)：
(1)完成式表示動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)作之前。例如：
I apologize for having broken my promise. 我沒有遵守諾言，我道歉。
(2)當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語是動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)作的對象或承受者時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如：
She was proud of having been trained in the U.K. 在英國受過訓(xùn)，她感到自豪。 他不喜歡嘲笑別人。 →He doesn’t like laughing at others. 他不喜歡被人嘲笑?！鶫e doesn’t like being laughed at.
(六)某些動(dòng)詞可接不定式也可接動(dòng)名詞做賓語，但意義有差別。
(1)like, love, hate, prefer等表示喜愛，厭惡的動(dòng)詞后面，可用動(dòng)名詞也可用不定式作賓語，意義差別不大。但當(dāng)這些詞前面有should或would時(shí)，一定要用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語。表示想要，愿意，打算。例如：
(2) forget to do sth.忘記去做某事(未做) forget doing sth.忘記做過某事(已做) 例如：
The light in the office is still on. She forgot to turn it off. 辦公室的燈還在亮著。她忘記關(guān)了。(關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作沒做)
The light in the office is off. She turned it off, but she forgot turning it off. 辦公室的燈沒亮著。是她關(guān)的，但她忘記關(guān)過燈。(已關(guān)過燈，她忘了)
(3)remember to do sth.記著去做某事 remember doing sth. 記得做過某事 例如：
Do you remember meeting me at a party last year 你記得去年一次宴會(huì)上見過我嗎(已見過面)
You must remember to leave tomorrow。 你一定要記著明天離開。(還沒離開)
(4)stop to do sth. 停下來去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 例如：
She stopped to have a rest on a big rock by the side of the path. 她停下來，在路邊的一塊大石頭上休息。
As long as you live, your heart never stops beating, 只要你活著，你的心臟就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)停止跳動(dòng)。
(5) regret to do sth. 對尚未做的或正在做的事情表示遺憾; regret doing sth. 對已做的事情表示后悔 例如：
I regret saying that. 我后悔說了那話。 I regret to tell you the following truth. 我非常遺憾地告訴你下面這個(gè)事實(shí)。
(6)try to do sth努力去做某事 try doing sth.做某事試一試 例如：
You must try to do it again. 你必須想方設(shè)法再做一次。
Let’s try doing the work in some other way. 咱們用另一種方法做這工作試試。
(7) mean to do sth. 打算、意欲做某事 mean doing sth.意味著做某事
【篇四】2020年6月大學(xué)英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法知識
英語六級基礎(chǔ)語法知識：常見句式
1. 常考的幾種倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)
1) 當(dāng)表示否定或基本否定的詞或詞組位于句首作狀語時(shí)用倒裝。這類詞或詞組常用的有：never, nowhere, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, barely, not until, not only, by no means, in no time, under no circumstances, under no condition, in no way, in no case, at no time, on no account等。
Never have I heard it before.
Nowhere can I find my lost watch.
Under no circumstance should a student cheat in the exam.
Not only was Churchill a statesman, but also a poet.
Note: 當(dāng) “no sooner … than”和“hardly/scarcely … when/before”位于句首時(shí)用倒裝。該結(jié)構(gòu)表示“一…就…”，在時(shí)態(tài)上主句一般用過去完成時(shí)，when或than引導(dǎo)的從句用一般過去時(shí)。
Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when/before the bell rang.
No sooner had the performance begun than the lights went out.
2) 當(dāng)here, there, then, thus, only, hence, little等副詞位于句首，句中主、謂用倒裝。
Here is the book for you.
There goes the bell.
Then came the order to take off.
Thus arose the division between the developed and developing countries.
3) 當(dāng) “so/such … that”結(jié)構(gòu)中的so或such 位于句首時(shí)用倒裝。
So cold was it at night that I could hardly fall asleep.
Such was the force of explosion that all the windows were broken.
4) 分句以so, neither, nor, no more等副詞位于句首，表明前面句子中所說明的情況也使用于后面的句子時(shí)用倒裝。
Copper is a good conductor. So are many other metals.
He didn’t see the film last night, neither did she.
2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型
這里講的強(qiáng)調(diào)句主要是以it為引導(dǎo)詞的分 裂句。其構(gòu)成形式為：It is (was) +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that(who, which) + 句子的其他部分。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分通常為主語、賓語和狀語。
It is only when one is ill that one realizes the value of health.
It is what you will do that is essential.
Note:
在被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分的后面，一般用that引出句子的其他部分。但是如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是表示人的名詞，那么也可用who;如果是指物的名詞也可用which。
It was Jane that/who lent me the money.
It was this novel that/which they talked about last night.
如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是原因狀語從句，只能用because引導(dǎo)，不能由since, as或why引導(dǎo)。
It was because(不用since或as) he had never had the opportunity that John hadn’t learned to drive.
有三類句子成分不可以進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，即表語、謂語動(dòng)詞和由though, although, whereas等引導(dǎo)的從句。
It is although he is young that he can speak four languages. (誤)
Although he is young, he can speak four languages. (正)
It is whereas he prefers pop song that I like classical music. (誤)
I like classical music whereas he prefers pop songs. (正)
3. 使役動(dòng)詞后的賓語補(bǔ)足語
使役動(dòng)詞除了要有賓語之外還要加上賓語補(bǔ)足語才能使句子的意義完整。常用的使役動(dòng)詞有：have, want, make, get, leave, set, let等?？梢該?dān)當(dāng)使役動(dòng)詞賓語補(bǔ)足語的有名詞，形容詞，介詞短語，動(dòng)詞不定式和分詞等。
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
A good night’s rest will set you right.
Note:
動(dòng)詞不定式可以擔(dān)當(dāng)使役動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語，但在make, let, have等使役動(dòng)詞后，動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)不用to。
He made her give up the opportunity.
What would you have me do?
Her pride would not let her do this.
分詞也可以擔(dān)當(dāng)使役動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語?，F(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)意義，而過去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成的被動(dòng)意義。
Her remark left me wondering what he was driving at.
The joke set them all laughing.
He managed to get the job done on time.
I’ve just had some new photos taken.