新概念英語(yǔ)一共144課。整本書無(wú)論是語(yǔ)法還是詞匯，題材還是語(yǔ)句，都有其出彩之處。正是因?yàn)槿绱?，新概念英語(yǔ)更是經(jīng)久不衰，深受廣大英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者的喜愛。為您整理了“新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)Lesson69~71”，希望可以幫助到您！
新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)Lesson69
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
(1)在第10課、第21課、第34課、第45課與第58課的語(yǔ)法中，我們學(xué)習(xí)了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本形式、它與情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞的連用、它在動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中的使用以及它在過(guò)去完成時(shí)中的使用：
Recently it was damaged by a visitor.
近它被一個(gè)客人弄壞了。(一般過(guò)去時(shí))
Passing planes can be heard night and day.
過(guò)往飛機(jī)日夜不絕于耳。(與情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞連用)
Over a hundred people must have been driven away from their homes by the noise.
有一百多人肯定是被噪音逼得已經(jīng)棄家遠(yuǎn)去。(must與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的完成式連用)
The bicycle was being sent to his home by train.
人們正用火車給他把自行車送回家。(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí))
He never expected the thief to be arrested.
他從未指望那小偷能被逮著。(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用于復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中)
The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost.
整個(gè)村子很快知道，有一大筆錢丟失了。(用于過(guò)去完成時(shí))
(2)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)還可以用于介詞+動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)中。介詞(after, before, on)+動(dòng)名詞這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)通常相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中有一個(gè)在另一個(gè)開始之前已經(jīng)完成，則可以用 after+動(dòng)名詞的完成式表示第1個(gè)動(dòng)作;如果只表示先后順序，則可用after(或 before)+動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu); on+動(dòng)名詞通常表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生：
After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence.
在接到把車開出城的指令后，我開始有了信心。
The man called the police after being robbed.
那人遭搶劫后給警方打了電話。
He killed a child before being arrested.
他在被捕前殺死了一個(gè)孩子。
On/After being told that her mother was seriously ill, she hurried back to England.
她得知母親病重后連忙回到英國(guó)。
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用于介詞+動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)在英語(yǔ)中是很正式的用法，一般不用于口語(yǔ)中。
(3)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用于 want后面的不定式中時(shí)，to be可以省略：
I want the luggage fetched from the hotel this afternoon.
我希望有人今天下午去把行李從旅館取回來(lái)。
want后跟被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)往往表示希望別人完成所說(shuō)的動(dòng)作。
(4)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)還可用于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，以強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性：
I 'd like to ask a few questions about your latest film.
我想就您近拍的電影問(wèn)幾個(gè)問(wèn)題。
Not again! I was being asked about the film all day yesterday!
又來(lái)了!昨天一整天都有人問(wèn)我這電影的事!
新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)Lesson70
與 for, with, of, to, at, from, in, on和 about連用的形容詞
在第22課與第46課的語(yǔ)法中，我們學(xué)習(xí)了與of, from, in, on, to, at, for和with連用的動(dòng)詞，知道許多動(dòng)詞都有固定搭配的方式(如believe in, borrow from, occur to, account for 等)。另外，許多動(dòng)詞可以與不同的介詞搭配(如 dream of/about, look at/for/after等)。與動(dòng)詞的情況相似，形容詞大部分也有與自己固定搭配的介詞，并且有些形容詞也可以與不同的介詞搭配。
(1)與 for連用的形容詞(包括eager, enough, ready, sorry, famous等)：
My aunt is famous for her beauty.
我姑姑因貌美而馳名。
Even the bull seemed to feel sorry for him.
甚至連牛好像也在為他感到遺憾。
I'm ready for the journey.
我已做好旅行的準(zhǔn)備。
We have enough apples for the children.
我們有足夠給孩子們吃的蘋果。
They were eager for the performance to begin.
他們熱切地等待演出開始。
(2)與with連用的形容詞(包括angry, busy, content, popular 等)：
The bull was busy with the matador at the time.
當(dāng)時(shí)那公牛正忙于對(duì)付斗牛士。
Why was Mary angry with you?
瑪麗為何生你的氣?
She wasn't content with her life.
她對(duì)自己的生活不滿。
Uncle Sam is always popular with children.
薩姆叔叔總是很受孩子們的歡迎。
(3)與of連用的形容詞(包括afraid, aware, unaware, careful, certain, kind, north, south, east, west, short, shy, sure等)：
The drunk was unaware of the danger.
醉漢沒(méi)有意識(shí)到危險(xiǎn)。
Wallis Island is a long way west of Samoa.
瓦立斯島位于薩摩亞群島以西很遠(yuǎn)的地方。
I used to be afraid of ghosts.
我以前很怕鬼。
The drunk seemed quite sure of himself.
醉漢像是很有把握似的。
It's very kind of you to come to the wedding.
非常感謝您來(lái)參加婚禮。
She is careful of her dress.
她注意衣著。
Are you certain of his coming?
你確信他會(huì)來(lái)嗎?
I was short of money at that time.
那時(shí)我正缺錢。
(4)與to連用的形容詞(包括close, cruel, dear, new, obvious, polite, sensitive, rude, useful, similar等)：
Most people are sensitive to criticism.
大部分人對(duì)別人的批評(píng)很敏感。
He was never rude to his parents.
他對(duì)父母總是以禮相待。
I can't understand why he was so cruel to his brother/good to that dog/polite to you.
我無(wú)法理解他為何對(duì)他兄弟如此殘忍/對(duì)那條狗那么好/對(duì)你如此客氣。
Though the bicycle is old, it is very dear to me.
雖然這輛自行車破舊，但我很珍視它。
All these words are new to me.
所有這些單詞我都是第遇到。
Our house is close to a river.
我們家緊挨著一條河。
It's obvious to everyone that he's lying.
大家都清楚他在撒謊。
These books are useful to/for foreign students.
這些書對(duì)外國(guó)學(xué)生有用。
My car is similar to yours.
我的車與你的車相似。
(5)與at連用的形容詞(包括good, bad, clever, expert, quick, slow等)：
Jane is good/bad at swimming.
簡(jiǎn)擅長(zhǎng)/不擅長(zhǎng)游泳。
George is expert at/in flying a plane.
喬治駕駛飛機(jī)的技術(shù)高超。
Sally is not/very clever at mathematics, but she's clever at making dresses.
薩莉不是很擅長(zhǎng)數(shù)學(xué)，但她擅長(zhǎng)做衣服。
Tom is quick/slow at learning new things.
湯姆學(xué)新東西學(xué)得快/慢。
(6)與 from連用的形容詞(包括away, different, far, safe等)：
It was very different from modern car races but no less exciting.
它雖然與現(xiàn)代汽車大賽不大相同，但激動(dòng)人心的程度并不亞于現(xiàn)代汽車大賽。
While you're away from home, I'll look after the children.
你不在家時(shí)，我會(huì)照顧孩子的。
The lake is far from London.
這湖離倫敦很遠(yuǎn)。
The man was far from comfortable while being confined to the wooden box.
那人被悶在木箱里時(shí)一點(diǎn)兒也不舒服。
The village is safe from floods.
這個(gè)村子沒(méi)有遭洪水襲擊的危險(xiǎn)。
(7)與in連用的形容詞(包括 fortunate, honest, weak等)：
You're fortunate in having a house of your own.
你很幸運(yùn)，有自己的房子。
Frank is honest in business.
弗蘭克做生意老實(shí)。
I'm weak in/at chemics.
我化學(xué)較差。
(8)與on連用的形容詞(包括dependent, intent, keen等)：
She was keen on tennis.
她熱衷于打網(wǎng)球。
You shouldn't be so intent on making money.
你不應(yīng)當(dāng)如此一心只想賺錢。
Are you still dependent on your father?
你還靠你父親生活嗎?
(9)與about連用的形容詞(包括 curious, doubtful, right, uneasy 等)：
She is uneasy about her future.
她為自己的前途擔(dān)心。
He was curious about the strange noise.
她對(duì)那奇怪的響聲好奇。
I'm doubtful about/of his words.
我對(duì)他的話懷疑。
新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)Lesson71
復(fù)習(xí)第60～69課部分語(yǔ)法
通過(guò)這幾課的語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)，我們知道在表示將來(lái)時(shí)的句子中，要在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中使用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，同時(shí)也要在第1類條件句中用現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)表示;學(xué)習(xí)了將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式和用法;學(xué)習(xí)了第3類條件句、情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞 must, have to, should和ought to;學(xué)習(xí)了用于使役式的動(dòng)詞 have，以及用于介詞+動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)中的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：
The Thompsons will move to a new flat when their baby is born.
孩子出生以后，湯普森一家將搬到一套新的公寓去住。
By this time next week, I will have been working for this firm for twenty years.
到下星期此刻，我就已經(jīng)為這家公司工作了20年了。(將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)通常要和某個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，這個(gè)狀語(yǔ)往往表示“到/截止……時(shí)候”)
Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control.
消防隊(duì)員們同那場(chǎng)森林大火搏斗了將近三個(gè)星期才后把火勢(shì)控制住。(過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)一樣，也要有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ);它們都強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性)
If I had worked harder at school, I'd have got a better job.
要是我上學(xué)時(shí)勤奮一些，我就會(huì)有較好的工作了。(第3 類條件句表示與事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣)
We should/ought to arrest him, but we shall let him off this time.
我們應(yīng)該逮捕它，但這次我們饒了它。
He should have known that the police would never allow this sort of thing.
他本該知道警察絕不會(huì)允許這類事情發(fā)生。(should+ have+過(guò)去分詞表示過(guò)去應(yīng)該做或完成而沒(méi)有做的事)
The French authorities had the plane packaged and moved in parts back to France.
法國(guó)政府讓人把飛機(jī)包裝起來(lái)，一部分一部分地搬回法國(guó)。(have+名詞/賓格代詞+過(guò)去分詞表示讓別人為自己做某事)
After being robbed, the man called the police.
那人遭搶劫后給警方打了電話。(after+動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，但主語(yǔ)必須一致)