新概念英語(yǔ)作為家喻戶曉的經(jīng)典之作,它有著全新的教學(xué)理念,有趣的課文內(nèi)容及其全面的技能訓(xùn)練,為廣大的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者提供幫助!如果你也想學(xué)好英語(yǔ),又怎能錯(cuò)過(guò)新概念英語(yǔ)?下面為您提供了相關(guān)內(nèi)容,希望對(duì)您有所幫助!
新概念英語(yǔ)第2冊(cè)Lesson61語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)
將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(The future perfect progressive tense)與其他形式的將來(lái)時(shí)
將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成: will have been+現(xiàn)在分詞
(1)在第13課的語(yǔ)法中,我們學(xué)習(xí)了將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)。它表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)候正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或表示計(jì)劃好的事。它不像一般將來(lái)時(shí)中的will,不表達(dá)“蓄意為之”的含義,只陳述將來(lái)的事實(shí):
They will be arriving here tomorrow.
他們明天就要到達(dá)此地。
在第37課的語(yǔ)法中,我們學(xué)習(xí)了將來(lái)完成時(shí)。它用于表示到將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作,必須和某個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用:
Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year.
工人們將在今年年底前把新路鋪好。
(2)將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示某種狀況一直持續(xù)到說(shuō)話人所提及的時(shí)間:
By this time next week, I will have been working for this firm for twenty years.
到下星期此刻,我就已經(jīng)為這家公司工作了20年了。
在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中,要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)代替將來(lái)完成時(shí)(cf.第60課語(yǔ)法):
Have you been writing books for long?
你寫(xiě)書(shū)已經(jīng)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了嗎?(現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),表示現(xiàn)在仍在寫(xiě))
By the time I've completed this one,I'll have been writing for six years.
到我寫(xiě)完這本書(shū)時(shí),我將已經(jīng)寫(xiě)了6年書(shū)了。(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),主句用將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí))
新概念英語(yǔ)第2冊(cè)Lesson62語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)
1.過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí) (The past perfect progressive tense)
構(gòu)成: had been+現(xiàn)在分詞
(1)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)用于強(qiáng)調(diào)某動(dòng)作在過(guò)去更早的某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)一直在進(jìn)行,并對(duì)過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻產(chǎn)生結(jié)果。與它經(jīng)常連用的表示時(shí)間的詞有before, for, since, all day等:
She was very tired. She had been typing letters all day.
她很累了。她整天都在打信件。
(2)過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)可用來(lái)表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常重復(fù)的動(dòng)作:
Jill was angry. Jim had been phoning her every night for a whole week.
吉爾生氣了。整整一星期,吉姆天天晚上都給她打電話。
(3)它還可以表示根據(jù)直接或間接的證據(jù)而得出結(jié)論:
Her eyes were red. It was obvious she had been crying.
她的眼睛紅了。顯然她剛哭過(guò)。
(4)在包含間接引語(yǔ)的句子中,如果引述詞是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),則現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)要改為過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(cf.第15課語(yǔ)法):
What was Tom's excuse for being late last night?
湯姆說(shuō)他昨晚遲到的理由是什么?
He said he'd been making phone calls.
他說(shuō)他一直在打電話。
2.過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)的比較
過(guò)去完成時(shí)在第14課與第38課的語(yǔ)法中已經(jīng)學(xué)過(guò)。它與過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)可以替換使用:
Dan had worked/had been working for the firm for fifteen years when I first met him.
我第遇見(jiàn)丹時(shí),他已在該公司干了15年了。
需要表示某個(gè)工作已經(jīng)完成時(shí),只能用過(guò)去完成時(shí):
When I got home, I found that Jill had been painting her room.
我回到家時(shí),看見(jiàn)吉爾在粉刷她的房間。(工作尚未完成)
When I got home, I found that Jill had painted her room.
我回到家時(shí),發(fā)現(xiàn)吉爾已經(jīng)粉刷過(guò)她的房間了。(已完成)
When I arrived, they'd already put the fire out.
我到達(dá)時(shí),他們已經(jīng)把火撲滅了。(不可用過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí))
新概念英語(yǔ)第2冊(cè)Lesson63語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)
間接引語(yǔ):祈使句的轉(zhuǎn)述
(1)在第15課與第39課的語(yǔ)法中,我們分別學(xué)習(xí)了陳述句和疑問(wèn)句變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)的情況,它們基本上都是引述詞(say, tell 等)+(間接賓語(yǔ))+從句:
He told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries.
他告訴我,公司支付不起這么龐大的工資開(kāi)支。(間接陳述句)
He asked if Mr. Gilbert's operation had been successful.
他問(wèn)吉爾伯特先生的手術(shù)是否成功。(間接疑問(wèn)句)
(2)祈使句的情況有所不同。表示命令、請(qǐng)求、建議的祈使句通常可用適當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞后跟不定式來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)述。常用的這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞有
advise, ask, tell, order, command, warn, invite等,這些動(dòng)詞后往往有間接賓語(yǔ):
"Remeber to turn off all the lights"she said.
她說(shuō):“記著把所有的燈關(guān)掉?!?BR> She reminded / told me to turn off all the light.
她提醒/告訴我把所有的燈關(guān)掉。
轉(zhuǎn)述這類(lèi)祈使句的否定形式時(shí),必須將not放在帶to的不定式之前:
I advise you not to buy her anything.
我建議你別給她買(mǎi)任何東西。
(3)動(dòng)詞suggest和insist用于轉(zhuǎn)述建議、要求時(shí),其結(jié)構(gòu)為suggest/insist+that從句(用should):
Why don't they sell the flat?
他們?yōu)槭裁床话涯翘追孔淤u(mài)掉?
He suggests that they should sell the flat.I hope they won't sell the flat.
他建議他們把那套房子賣(mài)掉。我希望他們不把那套房子賣(mài)掉。(suggest后面的that可省略;不論suggest是現(xiàn)在時(shí)還是過(guò)去時(shí),后面都用should)

