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新概念英語(yǔ)第三冊(cè)Lesson12重點(diǎn)句型解析
1、What was exceptional about the two men's stay on the desert island?
Most of us have formed an unrealistic picture of life on a desert island.
form an unrealistic picture of sth 對(duì)…抱有不切實(shí)際的幻想
-- A large number of people have formed an unrealistic picture of the job. Form(v.形成, 構(gòu)成)= develop(vt.逐漸形成)
-- develop a habit = form a habit 養(yǎng)成一種習(xí)慣
2、We sometimes imagine a desert island to be a sort of paradise where the sun always shines.
imagine sth to be = imagine sth as
-- Some people imagine flying to be more dangerous than traveling by train.
-- A large number people imagine the USA as their paradise.
謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 wish 之后的賓語(yǔ)從句中要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣
1>如果表達(dá)與現(xiàn)在情況相反, that 從句中的動(dòng)詞要用過去時(shí)(be 動(dòng)詞要用 were)。
-- I wish you could drive a car. = I am sorry you can’t drive a car.
所表達(dá)的意思是：你要是能開車就好了。(表達(dá)一種遺憾的心情)
2>如果表達(dá)與過去情況相反, that 從句中的動(dòng)詞要用過去完成時(shí)。
-- I wish I hadn't spent so much money. = I am sorry I spend so much money.
-- I wish that you had written to him. = I am sorry you didn’t write to him.
3、如果表達(dá)與將來事實(shí)相反的情況或?qū)聿豢赡軐?shí)現(xiàn)的心愿, that 從句中要使用 would, could 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)形式。
-- I wish that I could go abroad tomorrow.
-- I wish that you could come here tomorrow. 4>if only 要比 wish 更富有戲劇性和感情色彩
-- If only the weather would change. = I wish the weather would change. 要是天氣轉(zhuǎn)晴該有多好啊!
-- We wish that we knew where to look for him. = If only we knew where to look for him. 要是我們知道到哪去找他該有多好啊!
-- If only we could have gone to the party. 要是我們昨天能參加那個(gè)聚會(huì)該有多好啊!
-- If only you hadn't said that. 你要是不說那句話多好啊!
-- If only you would come here tomorrow. 你明天要是能來該有多好啊!
4、They were taking a badly damaged boat from the Virgin Islands to Miami to have it repaired During the journey, their boat began to sink.
have it repaired (have sth done)
They quickly loaded a small rubber dinghy with food, matches, and cans of beer and rowed for a few miles across the Caribbean until they arrived at a tiny coral island.
load…with sth 把某物裝載到…上
-- The workers are loading the truck with goods. Unload(vi.卸貨, 退子彈 vt.傾銷, 卸)
5、There were hardly any trees on the island and there was no water, but this did not prove to be a problem.
hardly any = very little/few (hardly adv.剛剛, 幾乎不)
-- Hardly anybody likes him because he is so rude. 幾乎沒人喜歡他, 因?yàn)樗浅４拄敗?BR> -- You hardly eat anything, what's wrong? 你幾乎什么都沒吃, 怎么了? prove to be = turn out to be
6、The men collected rainwater in the rubber dinghy.
As they had brought a spear gun with them, they had plenty to eat.
7、They caught lobster and fish every day, and, as one of them put it ate like kings.
Put = express
8、When a passing tanker rescued them five days later, both men were genuinely sorry that they had to leave.
Both men were genuinely sorry that they had to leave.
= If only we could have stayed on the desert island a little bit longer.
新概念英語(yǔ)第三冊(cè)Lesson13重點(diǎn)句型解析
1、What did the man expect to find under the stairs?
After her husband had gone to work, Mrs. Richards sent her children to school and went upstairs to her bedroom.
2、She was too excited to do any housework that morning, for in the evening she would be going to a fancy-dress part with her husband.
fancy-dress party = costume party
1> too ... to… 太...而不能… (不定式 to 在大部分情況下表示否定概念)
2> not/never too ... to… 并不太...所以能夠…
-- One is never too old to learn 活到老, 學(xué)到老。
-- The question is not too difficult for me to answer. 這個(gè)問題并不太難, 所以我能夠答得出。
3>如果在副詞 too 前發(fā)現(xiàn)修飾語(yǔ) all, but, only, 不定式 to 的概念也是肯定的。
-- They are all too satisfied to work with you.
-- I am only too glad to have someone to speak to. 我太高興了, 想找個(gè)人說話。
-- He was but too eager to get home.
3、She intended to dress up as a ghost and as she had made her costume the night before, she was impatient to try it on.
intended to 打算做什么 = mean to do 意圖做什么
dress up as… 化妝成為…
the night before 前一個(gè)晚上(以過去的某一個(gè)時(shí)間為基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn))
last night 昨天晚上(以現(xiàn)在為基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn))
-- She went to New York on business three days ago, the night before she got everything ready.
be impatient to do sth 急于要做某事, 迫不及待做某事
impatient 可以換為 eager, anxious, hungry, thirsty, desperate, can't wait(口語(yǔ))
desperate(adj.不顧一切的, 拚死的)
-- she was impatient to try it on.(try on 試穿)
4、Though the costume consisted only of a sheet, it was very effective.
After putting it on, Mrs. Richards went downstairs.
After putting it on 穿上以后
5、She wanted to find out whether it would be comfortable to wear.
= It would be comfortable (for her) to wear
動(dòng)詞不定式 to wear, 用來修飾說明 comfortable, 作它的狀語(yǔ)。
-- It is easy for me to read.
-- The book is difficult to read.
-- The dress is easy to wash.
-- Your handwriting is easy to recognize.
主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)概念：
1> The music is sweet to hear.
2> The machine needs repairing. (用 need, want 和動(dòng)名詞形式直接搭配)
3> The dictionary is worth buying.
-- The book is worth reading.
4>The house is under construction.(介詞 under 表達(dá)被動(dòng)的意味)
-- The puma is under control.
-- The problem is under discussion.(n.討論)
-- The thief is under arrest.(n.逮捕, 拘留)
5> The airport came into use again.(came into 不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ))
-- Our time has already gone to waste.(go to waste 浪費(fèi)掉, 付諸東流)
6> able 形容詞后綴, 跟在動(dòng)詞后表達(dá)"能夠被...的"
-- She is a respectable person.(respectable adj.可敬的, 值得被尊敬的)
-- This is a returnable bottle. 這是一個(gè)能被退回的瓶子。(returnable adj.可被退回的)
7> consist of, comprise 本身表達(dá)被動(dòng)概念, 結(jié)構(gòu)形式為主動(dòng)
6、Just as Mrs. Richards was entering the dinning room, there was a knock on the front door.
She knew that it must be the baker.
She had told him to come straight in if ever she failed to open the door and to leave the bread on the kitchen table.
straight adv.直接地, 徑直地
if even(ever 用于條件句。表示任何時(shí)候, 任何場(chǎng)合)= when ever
-- If ever you see George give him my best regards.(n.問候)
-- When ever he is in trouble I'll be on the spot.
Not wanting to frighten the poor man, Mrs. Richards quickly hid in the small storeroom under the stairs.
Not wanting (分詞的否定結(jié)構(gòu)形式, 做原因狀語(yǔ)。)
多用于句首, 也可插入句中, 主謂之間。
Not wanting to make her nervous, the doctor didn't fully explain the seriousness of condition.
= The doctor, not wanting to make her nervous, didn't fully explain the seriousness of her condition.
She heard the front door open and heavy footsteps in the hall. Suddenly the door of the storeroom was opened and a man entered.
Mrs. Richards realized that it must be the man from the Electricity Board who had come to read the metre.
read the metre 查電表
She tried to explain the situation, saying 'It's only me', but it was too late.
saying(現(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語(yǔ))
The man let out cry and jumped back several paces.
let out a cry 大叫了一聲(= utter a cry /give a cry)
utter vt.發(fā)出, 做聲, 發(fā)表, 發(fā)射
jump back several paces 后退了好幾步
When Mrs. Richards walked towards him, he fled, slamming the door behind him.
Slamming(現(xiàn)在分詞作方式狀語(yǔ)或伴隨狀語(yǔ), 說明 fled 的情況)
新概念英語(yǔ)第三冊(cè)Lesson14重點(diǎn)句型解析
1、How did Haywood make in times of peace?
There was a tine when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago that to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for 'protection.'
pay large sums of money to sb 向某人付大筆大筆的費(fèi)用
in return for… 目的是為了換取…, 作為對(duì)…的回報(bào)
-- He gave me some books in return for my help.
when 引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句修飾 time
-- There was a time when mini skirt was in fashion.(Mini n.迷你型, 袖珍型)
2、If the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop.
Promptly = immediately
put a man out of business 使某人失業(yè)
put sb/sth out of... 使某人失去…
-- You are putting me out of patience. 你使我失去耐心了。
-- You have already put everything out of order.
-- Put it out of your mind. 忘記這件事情吧。
by destroying his shop 通過…手段
-- You are putting me out of patience by disturbing me.
3、Obtaining 'protection money' is not a modern crime.
Obtaining = getting
4、As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.
as long ago as 追溯回到(= dating back to = date from)
-- I knew Jane as long ago as the year 1980.
make the remarkable discovery 做出不同尋常的發(fā)現(xiàn)
would rather do... than do... 寧愿…而不…
-- He would rather die than surrender.(vi.投降, 自首)
-- I would rather play tennis than swim.
would prefer to do ... than do...
would prefer doing ... to doing...
-- He would prefer to die than surrender.
-- He would prefer dying to surrendering.
would rather(sooner) + that 賓語(yǔ)從句(過去式)-- 虛擬語(yǔ)氣
-- I would rather that you were not here. 我寧愿你不在這。(暗含：實(shí)際你在這)
-- I would rather that I didn't see you.
-- He would rather that he didn't hear the news.
life work 畢生的事業(yè) / have sth done
5、Six hundred years ago, Sir Johan Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near Florence.
settled near Florence 定居在 Florence 附近
He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto.
made a name for himself = become famous
-- They soon made quite a name for themselves as pop singers.
come to = get to 漸漸的
come to be known 漸漸被人所熟知
-- I come to be known to my students.
-- I got to know him.
6、Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded.
Whenever 無(wú)論什么時(shí)候
at war 交戰(zhàn) / at war with… 于…交戰(zhàn)
hire 表示出租
who 指代 prince
he demanded = Hawkwood demanded
7、In times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after burning down a few farms, would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them.
in time of peace 在和平期間
march into 大踏步行軍
burn down 燒毀 / burn up 燒光 / burn out 燒空
-- The house was burned out only walls left. 房子被了只剩下墻壁。
would offer to go away = would promise to go away
Hawkwood made large sums of money in this way. In spite of this, the Italians regarded
him as a sort of hero.
in spite of this 盡管如此
People in different countries have different opinions.
The Italians regarded him as a sort of hero.
8、When he died at the age of eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a pictured which was dedicated to the memory of 'the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue.'
give sb a state funeral 給某人舉行國(guó)葬
have sth done
Signor n.先生(意大利語(yǔ))
which 指代 picture
be dedicated to the memory of sb
the most valiant 比較級(jí)的級(jí)形式