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新概念英語第2冊Lesson37重點句型及語法
重要句型或語法
將來完成時
這個時態(tài)是第二冊里新出現(xiàn)的時態(tài)。表示在將來某一時間以前已經(jīng)完成或一直持續(xù)的動作。經(jīng)常與before+將來時間或by+將來時間連用,也可與before或by the time短語引導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)在時的從句連用。如:
Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year.
課文主要語言點
The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years' time. 1)注意the Olympic Games的首字母大寫。注意Olympic的發(fā)音和拼寫。game,比賽。 2)hold,舉行、舉辦。 3)in four years' time,四年之后。注意“in+一段時間+'s/'+time”是將來時的標(biāo)志性時間狀語。
As a great many people will be visiting our country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool. 1)as,用作連詞,表示由于、因為。 2)a great many,許多、大量。后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù),相當(dāng)于many。 3)可提問學(xué)生為什么此處的動詞visit和build都采用了將來進行時(因為這些動作都是按計劃在將來一定會發(fā)生的)。 4)immense,巨大的。 5)stadium,(露天)體育館、體育場。室內(nèi)的體育館就叫做indoor stadium。 6)standard,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
They will also be building new roads and a special railway line. 1)special,特別的、專門的。 2)a railway line,鐵路線。a special railway line,鐵路專線。
The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area will be called 'Olympic City'. 1)capital,首都。也可以表示資金。 2)whole,整個的。 3)area,地區(qū)、面積。 4)可復(fù)習(xí)一下被動語態(tài)的基本用法。
Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year. 1)講解將來完成時的基本用法。 2)complete,完成、結(jié)束。該詞也可以直接用作形容詞,表示完整的、完全的。 3)by the end of,到...時候為止。如果后接過去時間,則謂語動詞要采用過去完成時。
By the end of next year, they will have finished work on the new stadium. finish work on sth.,完成...工作。
The fantastic modern buildings have been designed by Kurt Gunter. 1)fantastic,巨大的、極好的。 2)design,設(shè)計。 3)可以復(fù)習(xí)一下現(xiàn)在完成時中的被動語態(tài)。
Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up. 1)可提問本句中的watch為什么采用將來進行時(因為表達的是將來某個時間正在發(fā)生的動作)。 2)anxiously,焦急地、焦慮地。 3)as,表示當(dāng)...的時候。 4)go up,矗立、拔地而起。
We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country. 1)excited,興奮的、激動的??芍v講使役動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的形容詞化及兩者間的區(qū)別。 2)look forward to,期望、期待。注意to是介詞,后接動詞的話,要加ing。 3)never...before,從未。這是完成時的標(biāo)志性詞語,所以其所在的從句動詞hold用了完成時。
讀寫重點
注意課文中一般將來時、將來進行時和將來完成時的運用,要視表達的內(nèi)容與目的而定。
新概念英語第2冊Lesson38重點句型及語法
重要句型或語法
過去完成時
這個時態(tài)在第一冊第119-120課和第二冊第14課里已經(jīng)學(xué)過,本課側(cè)重的是兩個表“一…就…”的句型的學(xué)習(xí):no sooner…than…和hardly…when…如:
He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there.
He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country.
課文主要語言點
My old friend, Harrison, had lived in the Mediterrean for many years before he returned to England. 1)可提問學(xué)生此處的live為什么使用過去完成時(因為before引導(dǎo)的從句的動作用了一般過去時,主句動作是在此之前發(fā)生的,即“過去的過去”)。 2)注意Mediterranean的構(gòu)詞和發(fā)音。該詞由medi(中間)和terranean兩部分構(gòu)成,而terranean又源自terrain(地帶;地域),所以Mediterrean表示“地中的”。注意該詞的重音在ra-上。 3)return to,回到。
He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country. 1)可提問學(xué)生并解釋此處的dream和plan為什么使用過去完成時。 2)dream of,夢想、向往。 3)retire,退休。一般用作不及物動詞。 4)plan to do,計劃、打算。 5)settle down,安定下來、定居。
He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there. 1)注意no sooner所在主句的謂語動詞采用的是過去完成時,而than所在的從句謂語動詞采用的是一般過去時。 2)注意提醒學(xué)生該句型中的連詞是than,不是then。可通過sooner比較級的形式來識別和記憶。
Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterl cold. 1)almost immediately,緊接著。 2)complain about,抱怨、投訴。about也可以替換為of。 3)注意此處的for是個連詞,連接的是并列句,補充說明主句動作發(fā)生的原因。for表原因時,其引導(dǎo)的從句不能放句首。 4)even though,盡管、即使。 5)continually,斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地。注意與同根副詞continuously(持續(xù)不斷地)的區(qū)別。 6)bitterly cold,冷得刺骨。bitterly,本義表示殘酷地、痛苦地,在此表示刺骨地。
After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock. 1)after so many years of...,經(jīng)過多年的...。 2)sunshine,陽光。是由sun和shine構(gòu)成的合成詞。 3)get a shock,感到震驚。相當(dāng)于be shocked,但動作含義更強,更具強調(diào)效果。
He acted as if he had never lived in England before. 1)act,舉止、行動。 2)as if,好像。它引導(dǎo)的從句謂語動詞一般要用虛擬語氣。 3)never…before,從未。
In the end, it was more than he could bear. 1)in the end,終、后。 2)more than,超過、不僅僅。 3)bear,容忍、忍受。
He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country. 1)注意hardly所在主句的動詞要采用過去完成時,when從句的動作要采用一般過去時。 2)have time to do,有時間做某事。
The dream he had had for so many years ended there. 1)注意句中的he had had for so many years是dream的定語從句,省略了關(guān)系代詞that或which。 2)可提問學(xué)生為什么此處的謂語動詞要采用過去完成時。
Harrison had thought of everthing except the weather. 1)可提問學(xué)生為什么此處的think要采用過去完成時。 2)think of,想到、想起。注意跟think about(思考)的區(qū)別。 3)except,除了…之外,沒有...。注意與besides(除了…之外,還有…)的區(qū)別。
讀寫重點
課文中出現(xiàn)了more than的比較級句型,可做些拓展,引入no less than、no more than等句型,并進行講解操練。
新概念英語第2冊Lesson39重點句型及語法
重要句型或語法
間接引語
在本冊第15課里已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了間接引語的內(nèi)容,但側(cè)重的是直接引語為陳述句的情況,連接詞要用that,而且可以省略。而本課里的間接引語則側(cè)重的是直接引語為一般疑問句和特殊疑問句的情況,連接詞要用whether或if,而且不可以省略。如:
She asked me if/whether I was tired.
Jane asked me why I hadn't written to her.
課文主要語言點
While John Gilbert was in hospital, he asked his doctor to tell him whether his operation had been successful, but his doctor refused to do so. 1)注意in hospital(生病住院)和in the hospital(在醫(yī)院里,不一定是因為生病)的區(qū)別。 2)注意ask sb. to do sth.(要求某人做某事)與ask sb.(詢問)的區(qū)別。 3)可提問學(xué)生為什么be successful要采用過去完成時,由此引出間接引語的用法中,當(dāng)主語動作采用一般過去時的時候,間接引語中的謂語動詞的時態(tài)變化規(guī)則。 4)refuse to do sth.,拒絕做某事。如果refuse后面直接跟名詞或代詞,其用法為refuse sb./sth.。
The following day, the patient asked for a bedside telephone. 1)the following day,第二天。相當(dāng)于the next day。 2)patitent,病人。注意作為形容詞,patient表示“耐心的”,其名詞為patience(耐心)。 3)ask for sth.,要求某物。 4)bedside,床邊、床頭。
When he was alone, he telephoned the hospital exchange and asked for Doctor Millington. 1)注意alone(獨自的,只能作表語或補語,不能作前置定語)和lonely(孤獨的,大部分成分都能作)的區(qū)別。 2)exchange,電話轉(zhuǎn)接臺。 3)注意此處的Doctor用作頭銜或稱呼,所以首字母要大寫。
When the doctor answered the phone, Mr. Gilbert said he was inquiring about a certain patient, a Mr. John Gilbert. 1)answer the phone,回電話。 2)inquire about sb./sth.,詢問。 3)a certain,某個人或物。 4)a Mr. John Gilbert,一個叫John Gilbert先生的人。注意“a+人名”,表示“一個叫什么的人”。
He asked if Mr. Gilbert's operation had been successful and the doctor told him that it had been. 1)可提問學(xué)生“He asked if Mr. Gilbert's operation had been successful”的直接引語原文應(yīng)該是什么(He asked the doctor, 'Was Mr. Gilbert's operation successful?)。 2)可提問學(xué)生the doctor told him that it had been中的been后面省略了什么(省略了successful)。
He then asked when Mr. Gilbert would be allowed to go home and the doctor told him that he would have to stay in hospital for another two weeks. 1)可提問學(xué)生這兩句間接引語的直接引語原文是什么(He asked the doctor, 'When will Mr. Gilbert be allowed to go home?'和The doctor told him, 'He will have to stay in hospital for another two weeks.') 2)allow sb. to do sth.,允許某人做某事。3)would have to,不得不;得...。 4)another可以后接復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,表示“再...,又...”。
Then Dr. Millington asked the caller if he was a relative of the patient. 1)caller,打電話的人。 2)relative,親戚。 3)可提問學(xué)生本句間接引語的直接引語原文是什么(Dr. Millington asked the caller, 'Are you a relative of the patient?')
No,' the patient answered, 'I am Mr. John Gilbert.' 注意am要重讀,因為此處要強調(diào)打電話的人就是病人本人。
讀寫重點
教材第180頁的難點部分出現(xiàn)了引號的用法說明,可以在本課里梳理一下常用的標(biāo)點符號的用法:逗號;句號;問號;感嘆號;引號;破折號;分號;冒號。
語用文化
可介紹一下醫(yī)院對病人隱私權(quán)的保護問題。

