新概念英語第一冊Lesson37~42語法及單詞解析

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    新概念英語第一冊Lesson37~38語法及單詞解析
    語法 Grammar in use
    將來時 be going to
    (1)將來時be going to的形式由am/is/are going to +動詞原形構成。
    (2)將來時be going to的用法
    A表示"打算"、"準備"在近做某事。(在非正式語體中,一般多用be going to,而不用will。)
    I am going to put it on the floor.
    我打算把它放在地板上。
    He is going to paint the bookcase tomorrow.
    他準備明天給書架刷漆。
    B表示按計劃、安排要發(fā)生的事:
    The meeting is going to begin at nine.
    會議將在9點開始。
    Where are you going to build the road?
    你們將在什么地方筑路?
    C表示預言一件事即將發(fā)生:
    The meeting is going to begin at nine.
    會議將在9點開始。
    It's going to rain!
    天要下雨了!
    She's going to faint!
    她要暈倒了!
    (3)be going to的疑問式與否定式
    將助動詞be提至句首可將陳述句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧?。如?BR>    George is going to paint it pink.
    喬治打算把它刷成粉紅色。
    Is George going to paint it pink?
    喬治打算把它刷成粉紅色嗎?
    在助動詞后面加上not可以得到否定句。如上句可變?yōu)椋?BR>    George is not going to point it pink.
    喬治不打算把它刷成粉紅色。
    詞匯學習 Word study
    1.paint
    (1)v.上漆,涂:
    What colour is George going to paint it?
    喬治準備把它漆成什么顏色的?
    (2)v.(用顏料)畫:
    Who painted this picture?
    這幅畫是誰畫的?
    (3)v.描寫;描繪:
    His novel paints a peaceful picture of the country life in Europe.
    他的小說描繪了有關歐洲鄉(xiāng)村生活的寧靜畫面。
    (4)n.油漆;涂料;顏料:
    Wet Paint!
    油漆未干!
    I bought a box of paints.
    我買了一盒顏料。
    2.work
    (1)v.工作;勞動:
    He works 45 hours per week.
    他每周工作45個小時。
    (2)v.從事職業(yè):
    He works as a bank clerk.
    他是一名銀行職員。
    (3)v.學習;做作業(yè):
    If you work hard, you'll pass your exams.
    如果你用功的話,你就會考試通過。
    (4)n. 工作;勞動;作業(yè);職業(yè):
    He wants to have a good sleep after a day's work.
    在一天的工作之后,他想好好睡上一覺。
    The students finished all their work in class.
    學生們當堂把全部作業(yè)都完成了。
    He is without work.
    他失業(yè)了。
    新概念英語第一冊Lesson39~40語法及單詞解析
    語法 Grammar in use
    祈使句的否定縮略式
    形式為Don't(或Do not)+動詞原形,如:
    Don't wait!
    別等了!
    Don't speak to me like that!
    別那樣跟我講話!
    使用祈使句時,重音、語調(diào)、手勢和面部表情,尤其是情境和上下文,都說明這種形式用于表示是否友好、不客氣、憤怒、不耐煩、有說服性等。一般而言,祈使句的否定式通常用Don't來表示,完整形式Do not主要用于正式文告中。
    詞匯學習 Word study
    1.drop v.
    (1)(失手)落下;掉下;放下:
    Be careful! Don't drop it.
    小心!別摔了。
    She dropped her knife and fork and hurried to answer the phone.
    她放下刀叉趕緊去接電話。
    (2)(使)滴下;滴水:
    Tears dropped from her face.
    淚珠從她的臉上滑落。
    (3)(使)下降;降低:
    He dropped his voice.
    他把聲音放低了些。
    Yesterday the temperature dropped to 8℃ below zero.
    昨天氣溫下降到了攝氏零下8度。
    2.send v.
    (1)送給;寄:
    She is going to send a letter to her sister.
    她準備給她的姐姐寄封信。
    I'll send him a present.
    我將給他送去一件禮物。
    (2)差遣;命(或請)……去:
    He sent his secretary for a doctor.
    他派他的秘書去請醫(yī)生了。
    Her mother often sends her to the store for some groceries.
    她母親經(jīng)常差遣她去商店買些雜貨。
    新概念英語第一冊Lesson41~42語法及單詞解析
    語法 Grammar in use
    there+be結構
    當there+be后跟單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞時,動詞be的一般現(xiàn)在時形式為is;當后面跟復數(shù)名詞時,動詞用are。如果后跟幾個并列名詞,而第一個名詞是單數(shù),動詞仍用is。there+be后面的名詞是句子的主語。如:
    There is a hammer on the bookcase.
    書箱上有個鎯頭。(單數(shù)名詞)
    There is some tea in the cup.
    杯子里有些茶水。(不可數(shù)名詞)
    There are three bottles of milk on the table.
    桌子上有3瓶牛奶。(不可數(shù)名詞,用復數(shù)量詞修飾)
    There is a pen, two books and a knife on the desk.
    課桌上有一枝鋼筆、兩本書和一把小刀。(第一個并列名詞是單數(shù))
    也請參見第19-20課_Tired and thirsty以及第27-28課_Mrs Smith's living room語法部分。
    詞匯學習 Word study
    1.bar n.
    (1)條;塊:
    He has just had a chocolate bar.
    他剛剛吃了一塊巧克力。
    (2)(門、窗的)閂;桿:
    He is now behind bars.
    他現(xiàn)在被關在監(jiān)獄里。(bar指窗上裝有鐵柵欄,behind bars是一種非正式固定用語,意為in prison,關在監(jiān)獄里。)
    (3)酒吧(間):
    The bar is very crowded.
    酒吧里人很擁擠。
    2.pound n.
    (1)磅;常衡磅(分成16盎司,等于0.4536千克,略作1b.);金衡磅(分成12盎司,等于0.3732千克,略作1b. t.):
    It weighs 15 pounds.
    它的重量為15磅。
    Give me a pound of sugar, please.
    請給我1磅糖。
    (2)英鎊(英國貨幣單位,簡寫為£,全稱為pound sterling):
    The shirt costs me £ 20.
    買這件襯衣花了我20鎊。
    Half a pound of coffee costs one pound.
    半磅咖啡的價格是一英鎊。