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新概念英語第二冊重點語法Lesson93
重要句型或語法
1、被動語態(tài)
本課主要對比復(fù)習(xí)第21課、第45課和第69課出現(xiàn)的被動語態(tài)的用法，主要包括不同時態(tài)中的被動語態(tài)、與情態(tài)動詞的連用、不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的被動語態(tài)、被動語態(tài)所在的從句改為短語結(jié)構(gòu)等。如：
A letter was delivered this morning.
Your bag must have been stolen in the shopping mall.
I was asked to finish the work before Friday.
After having been instructed to drive out of town, he began to acquire confidence.
2、重音
本課難點部分出現(xiàn)的是有關(guān)重音的內(nèi)容，主要講的是同一個詞語，經(jīng)常會因為詞性不同，而發(fā)音不一樣，主要的體現(xiàn)就是重音位置不一樣。如：present作為名詞的發(fā)音為['preznt]，但作為動詞的發(fā)音為[prɪ'zent]。
課文主要語言點
One of the most famous monuments in the world, the Statue of Liberty, was presented to the United States of America in the nineteenth century by the people of France.
1)monument，紀念碑。
2)the Statue of Liberty，自由女神像。
3)present，用作動詞，表示贈送。
4)注意美國的全稱為the United Stats of America，所以其簡稱為USA。
The great statue, which was designed by the sculptor Auguste Bartholdi, took ten years to complete.
1)注意因為這個statue是的，所以其定語從句采用了which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句。
2)sculptor，雕刻家。
3)注意take的用法：sth. take sb. some time to do sth.句中省略了sb.因為定語從句中已經(jīng)說明了雕刻者是誰，所以take后面就無需再次說明是誰了。
The actual figure was made of copper supported by a metal framework which had been especially constructed by Eiffel.
1)actual，實際的。
2)figure，人物、塑像。
3)be made of，由...制成。注意與be made from(原材料不可見，即成品看不出原材料是什么)的區(qū)別。
4)supported by...是定語，用來修飾先行詞copper，其完整原形為：which/that was supported by a metal framework。
5)a metal framework，金屬框架。
6)which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞framework。
7)construct，建造。其名詞為construction。
Before it could be transported to the United States, a site had to be found for it and a pedestal had to be built.
1)transport，運輸。其名詞形式為transportation。
2)site，地點、位置。
3)pedestal，基架、底座。
The site chosen was an island at the entrance of New York Harbour.
1)chosen用作后置定語，修飾site。其完整原形為：which/that was chosen。
2)island，島嶼。
3)at the entrance of，在...的入口處。
4)harbour，港口(注意美式英語的拼法為harbor)，多指天然港口。人工港口多用port。
By 1884, a statue which was 151 feet tall had been erected in Paris. The following year, it was taken to pieces and sent to America.
1)erect，矗立、豎立。其名詞為erection。
2)the following year，第二年。相當(dāng)于the next year。
3)take...to pieces 把...拆卸開。
By the end of October 1886, the statue had been put together again and it was officially presented to the American people by Bartholdi.
1)by the end of，到...時候為止。其所在句子的謂語動詞一般都要用完成時。如果是過去時間，則采用過去完成時;如果是將來時間，則采用將來完成時。
2)put...together，把...組裝起來。
3)officially，正式地。
Ever since then, the great monument has been a symbol of liberty for the millions of people who have passed through New York Harbour to make their homes in America.
1)ever since then，自從那之后。其所在句子的謂語動詞一般都要用完成時。
2)a symbol of ...的象征。
3)millions of，成百上千萬。
4)pass through，通過、經(jīng)過。
5)make one's home in，在某地安家、定居。
新概念英語第二冊重點語法Lesson94
重要句型或語法
介詞
本課主要對比復(fù)習(xí)第22課、第46課和第70課出現(xiàn)的介詞的用法，主要包括：與動詞搭配的of、from、in、on、to、at、for、with和與形容詞搭配的for、with、of、to、at、from、in、on、about等。
課文主要語言點
Experiments have proved that children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age.
1)Experiments have proved that... 實驗證明... 可作為套話來用。
2)instruct，指導(dǎo)、傳授。其表動作的名詞為instruction，表人的名詞為instructor。
3)at a very early age，很小的時候。
At a special swimming pool in Los Angeles, children become expert at holding their breath under water even before they can walk.
1)at a swimming pool，在泳池。注意介詞at的用法。
2)become expert at，擅長。
3)hold one's breath，屏住呼吸。
Babies of two months old do not appear to be reluctant to enter the water. It is not long before they are so accustomed to swimming that they can pick up weights from th floor of the pool.
1)babies of two months old，兩個月大的嬰兒。注意of后接年齡，表示多大的孩子。
2)appear用作系動詞，表示看上去、像是。相當(dāng)于seem。注意appear也可用作實義動詞表示“出現(xiàn)”，其反義詞為disappear(消失)。
3)be reluctant to，勉強、不情愿。
4)not long before... 不久之后。
5)be accustomed to，習(xí)慣于。注意to為介詞。
6)pick up weights，拿起重物。
A game that is very popular with these young swimmers is the underwater tricycle race.
1)be popular with sb.，受某人歡迎。
2)tricycle，三輪車。該詞由前綴tri-(三個)和詞根cycle(圓圈;輪子)組成。注意對比bicycle(自行車，由前綴bi-和詞根cycle組成，bi-表示“兩個”)。
Tricycles are lined up on th floor of the pool seven feet under water. The children compete against each other to reach the other end of the pool.
1)be lined up，排隊、列隊。
2)compete against each other，相互競爭。注意compete的動作名詞為competition，表人的名詞為competitor(競爭者)，形容詞為competitive。
3)the other end of.... ...的另一頭或另一邊。
Many pedal their bicycles, but most of them prefer to push or drag them. Some children can cover the whole length of the pool without coming up for breath even once.
1)pedal，用腳踩踏。
2)drag，拖拉。相當(dāng)于pull。
3)cover the whole legnth，走過整段距離。
4)come up for breath，浮出水面呼吸。
Whether they will ever become future Olympic champions, only time will tell.
1)注意whether引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，只是被提前到句首了，它其實tell的賓語。
2)champion，冠軍。
Meanwhile, they should encourage those among us who cannot swim five yards before they are gasping for air.
1)meanwhile，與此同時。
2)encourage，鼓勵、鼓舞。該詞由動詞前綴en-(使...)和詞根courage(勇氣)組成。
3)gasp for air，喘氣、喘息。相當(dāng)于gasp for breath。
新概念英語第二冊重點語法Lesson95
重要句型或語法
動詞的形式變化
本課主要對比復(fù)習(xí)第60課、第69課出現(xiàn)的動詞的用法，
其中，第60課主要是關(guān)于動詞在時間和條件狀語從句中的“主將從現(xiàn)”的用法，而第69課主要是關(guān)于動詞在被動語態(tài)中如果在從句里要改為分詞短語的用法。如：
The moment she arrives , I will let you know.
If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.
After being arrested, the man confessed that he had stolen the money.
課文主要語言點
When the Ambassador of Escalopia returned home for lunch, his wife got a shock. He looked pale and his clothes were in a frightful state.
1)ambassador，大使。
2)Escolopia，這是作者虛構(gòu)的國名。估計是借用了Ethiopia(埃塞俄比亞)的國名。
3)get a shock，感到震驚。相當(dāng)于be greatly surprised。
4)pale，蒼白的。
5)be in a frightful state，樣子可怕或不成樣子。frightful，可怕的。源自名詞fright，其動詞為frighten。
What has happened?' she asked. 'How did your clothes get into such a mess?' 'A fire extinguisher, my dear,' answered the Ambassador drily. 'University students set the Embassy on fire this morning.'
1)get into a mess，亂七八糟。mess，混亂。其形容詞為messy。
2)fire extinguisher，滅火器。注意extinguisher源自動詞extinguish，表示熄滅、撲滅。
3)drily，冷淡地、枯燥無味地。源自形容詞dry(枯燥的)。
4)set...on fire，放火燒...
5)embassy，大使館。
Good heavens!' exclaimed his wife. 'And where were you at the time?' 'I was in my office as usual,' answered the Ambassador. 'The fire broke out in the basement. I went down immediately, of course, and that fool, Horst, aimed a fire extinguisher at me. He thought I was on fire. I must definitely get that fellow posted.'
1)Good heavens!，天啊!相當(dāng)于My god!或My goodness!。
2)exclaim，歡呼、喝彩。其名詞為exclamation，形容詞為exclamatory。
3)as usual，和往常一樣。
4)break out，爆發(fā)。
5)basement，地下室
6)aim sth. at sb.把某物對準某人。
7)be on fire，著火。
8)definitely，肯定地。
9)get sb. posted，調(diào)走某人。post在句中表示“派遣”。
The Ambassador's wife went on asking questions, when she suddenly noticed a big hole in her husband's hat.
1)go on doing，繼續(xù)做(同一件)事。注意與go on to do(接著做另一件事)的區(qū)別。
2)when在句中表示“然后”，意思相當(dāng)于then。
And how can you explain that?' she asked. 'Oh, that,' said the Ambassador. 'Someone fired a shot through my office window. Accurate, don't you think? Fortunately, I wasn't wearing it at the time. If I had been, I would not have been able to get home for lunch.'
1)注意第一句話中的that用了斜體，朗讀時要重讀，以起到強調(diào)作用。這里的that是指the big hole in the hat。
2)fire a shot，開槍。
3)accurate，準確的。其名詞為accuracy(準確性)。
4)注意后一句用了虛擬語氣，是針對過去發(fā)生的事情的虛擬。