新概念英語第二冊:第38課課文詳解及語法解析

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    課文詳注 Further notes on the text
    1.He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country.過去他?;孟胪诵莺蟮接?,并計劃在鄉(xiāng)間安頓下來。
    (1)dream of 在這里不表示具體的做夢,而是“幻想”、“向往”的意思:
    Frank used to dream of having a car of his own.
    弗蘭克過去常幻想擁有一輛自己的車。
    (2)settle down 是個固定短語,可以表示“定居”、“安身”、“安頓”等含義:
    They settled down in Australia in 1988.
    他們1988年在澳大利亞定居了。
    After two years of travelling, I want to settle down now.
    旅行了兩年之后,我現(xiàn)在想過安定的日子了。
    2.Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even
    though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold. 但緊接著他就開始抱怨那里的天氣了。 因為即使那時仍為夏季,但雨總是下個不停,而且常常冷得厲害。
    (1)for 在這里為連詞,
    為所陳述的事說出原因。它與 because不同,不能用于句首。并且在for后面必須重復(fù)主語:
    I don't have a car, for I can't afford it.
    我沒有車,因為我買不起。
    (2)連詞even though引導的是讓步狀語從句,
    表示“即使”、“雖然”:
    Even though we were very tired, we went on with the work.
    雖然我們已非常累了,我們?nèi)匀焕^續(xù)干活。
    3.He acted as if be had never lived in England before.他的舉動就好像他從未在英國生活過一樣。
    連詞 as if/ though 引導方式狀語從句,通常跟在描述行為舉止的動詞之后,如act, appear, feel, look, smell, sound等后面:
    She acted as if she were mad.
    她的舉動像瘋了一樣。
    It feels as if/ though it's going to rain.
    這天氣給人的感覺好像是要下雨。
    4.In the end, it was more than he could bear. 后,他再也忍受不住。
    more than在這里表示“超過……的范圍”:
    This piece of news is more than I can believe.
    我無法相信這條消息。
    這種用法與它通常表示“比……更多”的用法稍有不同:
    There were more than ten people in the room.
    房間里不止10個人。
    語法 Grammar in use
    過去完成時
    在第14課的語法中,我們學習了過去完成時的構(gòu)成和基本用法。它經(jīng)常與一般過去時連用,表示在過去某個動作發(fā)生前完成的動作:
    When I arrived, Jane had left.
    我到時,簡已經(jīng)走了。(走發(fā)生在我到達之前)
    與過去完成時連用的表示時間的詞或詞組有when, after, as soon as, (not) until, by that time, (never) before, already, for, since, just等,另外它還常與連詞no sooner…than和
    hardly…when連用。(cf.詞匯學習)過去完成時不能與副詞ago 連用(ago只能與一般過去時連用):
    He hadn't finished it by yesterday evening.
    到昨天晚上他還沒做完。