新概念英語(yǔ)作為家喻戶曉的經(jīng)典之作，它有著全新的教學(xué)理念，有趣的課文內(nèi)容及其全面的技能訓(xùn)練，為廣大的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者提供幫助！如果你也想學(xué)好英語(yǔ)，又怎能錯(cuò)過(guò)新概念英語(yǔ)？下面為您提供了相關(guān)內(nèi)容，希望對(duì)您有所幫助！
課文詳注 Further notes on the text
1.Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until someone opened the gate.每當(dāng)它想到花園里來(lái)時(shí)，便汪汪叫個(gè)不停，直到有人把門(mén)打開(kāi)。
every time在這里為連詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“每次”、“每當(dāng)”，主句中的would表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子中它們經(jīng)常連用：
Every time we met, we would talk for a while.
我們每次見(jiàn)面都要聊一會(huì)兒。
Every time he came to the restaurant, he would first ask for a cup of tea.
他每次到這個(gè)飯館來(lái)，都是先要一杯茶。
2.…my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let
himself in.……我丈夫花了幾個(gè)星期的時(shí)間訓(xùn)練它用腳爪按住門(mén)閂把自己放進(jìn)來(lái)。
(1)spend表示“在……上花時(shí)間”時(shí)，后面如果跟名詞則用介詞on;如果跟動(dòng)名詞則用介詞in(在口語(yǔ)中in往往省略)：
Why don't you spend more time on studies?
你為什么不在學(xué)習(xí)上再多花點(diǎn)時(shí)間呢?
I spent two weeks(in) reading this book.
我花了兩星期的時(shí)間讀這本書(shū)。
(2)train的賓語(yǔ)是him, to press…是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，to let…為目的狀語(yǔ)。
3.Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate.雷克斯很快成了開(kāi)門(mén)的專家。
expert表示“做/干……的專家/高手”時(shí)后面通常用 at doing sth.;表示在某一領(lǐng)域是“專家”、“權(quán)威”時(shí)可用介詞in或on:
John is an expert at driving a car.
約翰是開(kāi)車(chē)高手。
She is an expert in flowers.
她是花卉方面的專家。
Sam is an expert on that problem.
薩姆是研究那個(gè)問(wèn)題的權(quán)威。
4.This time he was barking so that someone would let him
out!這次它叫著讓人把它放出去!
連詞so that引導(dǎo)的是目的狀語(yǔ)從句。(cf.本課語(yǔ)法)
語(yǔ)法 Grammar in use
1.復(fù)習(xí)第50～58課語(yǔ)法
He's having lunch , isn't he?
他正在吃午飯，是不是?(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作)
Yes，he always has lunch at this time of the day.
是的，他每天總是在這個(gè)時(shí)間吃午飯。(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作)
She's reading a book,isn't she?
她正在讀一本書(shū)，是不是?
Yes,she's been reading the book all morning.
是的。她整個(gè)上午一直在讀這本書(shū)。(現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性)
I was told that ships were built here.
我聽(tīng)說(shuō)這里造過(guò)船。(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was told表示說(shuō)話謹(jǐn)慎;從句中的一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示不知現(xiàn)在是否仍造船)
They used to be built here,but they aren't any more.
過(guò)去這里是造過(guò)船，但現(xiàn)在不造了。(used to表示過(guò)去有過(guò)但現(xiàn)在已終止的狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去與現(xiàn)在的對(duì)照，因此不可用would代替)
You've taken your time! What on earth have you been doing?
你可真夠慢約!你到底一直在干什么?(on earth用于表示強(qiáng)調(diào))
I'm sorry.We got caught in astorm.
對(duì)不起。我們遇上一暴風(fēng)雨了。(在口語(yǔ)中g(shù)et+過(guò)去分詞相當(dāng)于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
2.表示目的的幾種方式：to, in order to, so as to, so that, in order that
(1)帶to的不定式及其變體in order to和so as to 可以用來(lái)表示目的：
I went to live in France to/in order to/so as to learn French.
我去法國(guó)居住，以便學(xué)習(xí)法語(yǔ)。
not to可以用于表示取舍：
I went to France not to study French, but to study chemics.
我去法國(guó)不是為了學(xué)法語(yǔ)，而是為了學(xué)化學(xué)。
so as not to/in order not to可以用于表示“以防”：
I shut the door quietly, so as not to/in order not to wake the baby.
為了不驚醒嬰兒，我輕輕地關(guān)上門(mén)。
在bring, buy, need, take, use, want等動(dòng)詞后經(jīng)常用賓語(yǔ)+不定式(而不用賓語(yǔ)+in order to/so as to)，不定式表示用賓語(yǔ)的目的：
I want something to drink.
我想要一點(diǎn)喝的東西。
I need a spoon to eat this ice cream with.
我需要一把湯匙來(lái)吃這冰淇淋。
Bring me a chair to sit on.
給我拿一把椅子來(lái)坐。
(2)連詞 so that, in order that可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候，so that和 in
order that后面可以跟may, can或will。so that比in order that更為普遍：
I've arrived early so that/in order that I may/can/will get the tickets.
我到得早，以便能買(mǎi)到票。
當(dāng)主句中的動(dòng)詞為一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)的時(shí)候， so that和in order that后面跟should, could,
might或would:
I arrived early so that/in order that I should/could/might/would get the
tickets.
(譯文同上)
so that和in order that后面的否定形式如下：
I arrived early so that/in order that I might not miss anything.
我到得很早，以免錯(cuò)過(guò)什么。(否定句中不可用could,可用should, would等)
(3)相比之下，帶to, so as to和 in order to的結(jié)構(gòu)比帶that的結(jié)構(gòu)要簡(jiǎn)單、自然，所以多為人使用：
I arrived early so as not to/in order not to miss anything.(譯文同上)
當(dāng)前后主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí)，不定式前面加for+名詞/代詞比that結(jié)構(gòu)更簡(jiǎn)潔:
I bought a new car in order that/so that my wife might learn to drive.
我買(mǎi)了一輛新車(chē)，以便我妻子學(xué)習(xí)駕駛。
I bought a new car for my wife to learn to drive.
(譯文同上)
課文詳注 Further notes on the text
1.Every time he wanted to come into the garden he would bark until someone opened the gate.每當(dāng)它想到花園里來(lái)時(shí)，便汪汪叫個(gè)不停，直到有人把門(mén)打開(kāi)。
every time在這里為連詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“每次”、“每當(dāng)”，主句中的would表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子中它們經(jīng)常連用：
Every time we met, we would talk for a while.
我們每次見(jiàn)面都要聊一會(huì)兒。
Every time he came to the restaurant, he would first ask for a cup of tea.
他每次到這個(gè)飯館來(lái)，都是先要一杯茶。
2.…my husband spent weeks training him to press his paw on the latch to let
himself in.……我丈夫花了幾個(gè)星期的時(shí)間訓(xùn)練它用腳爪按住門(mén)閂把自己放進(jìn)來(lái)。
(1)spend表示“在……上花時(shí)間”時(shí)，后面如果跟名詞則用介詞on;如果跟動(dòng)名詞則用介詞in(在口語(yǔ)中in往往省略)：
Why don't you spend more time on studies?
你為什么不在學(xué)習(xí)上再多花點(diǎn)時(shí)間呢?
I spent two weeks(in) reading this book.
我花了兩星期的時(shí)間讀這本書(shū)。
(2)train的賓語(yǔ)是him, to press…是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，to let…為目的狀語(yǔ)。
3.Rex soon became an expert at opening the gate.雷克斯很快成了開(kāi)門(mén)的專家。
expert表示“做/干……的專家/高手”時(shí)后面通常用 at doing sth.;表示在某一領(lǐng)域是“專家”、“權(quán)威”時(shí)可用介詞in或on:
John is an expert at driving a car.
約翰是開(kāi)車(chē)高手。
She is an expert in flowers.
她是花卉方面的專家。
Sam is an expert on that problem.
薩姆是研究那個(gè)問(wèn)題的權(quán)威。
4.This time he was barking so that someone would let him
out!這次它叫著讓人把它放出去!
連詞so that引導(dǎo)的是目的狀語(yǔ)從句。(cf.本課語(yǔ)法)
語(yǔ)法 Grammar in use
1.復(fù)習(xí)第50～58課語(yǔ)法
He's having lunch , isn't he?
他正在吃午飯，是不是?(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作)
Yes，he always has lunch at this time of the day.
是的，他每天總是在這個(gè)時(shí)間吃午飯。(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作)
She's reading a book,isn't she?
她正在讀一本書(shū)，是不是?
Yes,she's been reading the book all morning.
是的。她整個(gè)上午一直在讀這本書(shū)。(現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性)
I was told that ships were built here.
我聽(tīng)說(shuō)這里造過(guò)船。(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)was told表示說(shuō)話謹(jǐn)慎;從句中的一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示不知現(xiàn)在是否仍造船)
They used to be built here,but they aren't any more.
過(guò)去這里是造過(guò)船，但現(xiàn)在不造了。(used to表示過(guò)去有過(guò)但現(xiàn)在已終止的狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去與現(xiàn)在的對(duì)照，因此不可用would代替)
You've taken your time! What on earth have you been doing?
你可真夠慢約!你到底一直在干什么?(on earth用于表示強(qiáng)調(diào))
I'm sorry.We got caught in astorm.
對(duì)不起。我們遇上一暴風(fēng)雨了。(在口語(yǔ)中g(shù)et+過(guò)去分詞相當(dāng)于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))
2.表示目的的幾種方式：to, in order to, so as to, so that, in order that
(1)帶to的不定式及其變體in order to和so as to 可以用來(lái)表示目的：
I went to live in France to/in order to/so as to learn French.
我去法國(guó)居住，以便學(xué)習(xí)法語(yǔ)。
not to可以用于表示取舍：
I went to France not to study French, but to study chemics.
我去法國(guó)不是為了學(xué)法語(yǔ)，而是為了學(xué)化學(xué)。
so as not to/in order not to可以用于表示“以防”：
I shut the door quietly, so as not to/in order not to wake the baby.
為了不驚醒嬰兒，我輕輕地關(guān)上門(mén)。
在bring, buy, need, take, use, want等動(dòng)詞后經(jīng)常用賓語(yǔ)+不定式(而不用賓語(yǔ)+in order to/so as to)，不定式表示用賓語(yǔ)的目的：
I want something to drink.
我想要一點(diǎn)喝的東西。
I need a spoon to eat this ice cream with.
我需要一把湯匙來(lái)吃這冰淇淋。
Bring me a chair to sit on.
給我拿一把椅子來(lái)坐。
(2)連詞 so that, in order that可以引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。當(dāng)主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候，so that和 in
order that后面可以跟may, can或will。so that比in order that更為普遍：
I've arrived early so that/in order that I may/can/will get the tickets.
我到得早，以便能買(mǎi)到票。
當(dāng)主句中的動(dòng)詞為一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)或過(guò)去完成時(shí)的時(shí)候， so that和in order that后面跟should, could,
might或would:
I arrived early so that/in order that I should/could/might/would get the
tickets.
(譯文同上)
so that和in order that后面的否定形式如下：
I arrived early so that/in order that I might not miss anything.
我到得很早，以免錯(cuò)過(guò)什么。(否定句中不可用could,可用should, would等)
(3)相比之下，帶to, so as to和 in order to的結(jié)構(gòu)比帶that的結(jié)構(gòu)要簡(jiǎn)單、自然，所以多為人使用：
I arrived early so as not to/in order not to miss anything.(譯文同上)
當(dāng)前后主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí)，不定式前面加for+名詞/代詞比that結(jié)構(gòu)更簡(jiǎn)潔:
I bought a new car in order that/so that my wife might learn to drive.
我買(mǎi)了一輛新車(chē)，以便我妻子學(xué)習(xí)駕駛。
I bought a new car for my wife to learn to drive.
(譯文同上)