新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)第7課課文詳解及語(yǔ)法解析

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    新概念英語(yǔ)作為家喻戶曉的經(jīng)典之作,它有著全新的教學(xué)理念,有趣的課文內(nèi)容及其全面的技能訓(xùn)練,為廣大的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者提供幫助!如果你也想學(xué)好英語(yǔ),又怎能錯(cuò)過(guò)新概念英語(yǔ)?下面為您提供了相關(guān)內(nèi)容,希望對(duì)您有所幫助!
    課文詳注 Further notes on the text
    1.…detectives were waiting at the airport all morning. ……偵探們?cè)跈C(jī)場(chǎng)等了整整一上午。
    all 一般直接加表示時(shí)間的單數(shù)名詞構(gòu)成副詞短語(yǔ),如:all day (整整一天),all night(整夜),all week(整星期),all winter(整個(gè)冬天),all year(整年)等。但不說(shuō)all hour。
    whole在表達(dá)同樣的意思時(shí)一般要加冠詞或數(shù)詞,如:a whole day/ year(一整天/年),two whole weeks(整整兩星期)。
    2.…someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds. ……有人向警方報(bào)告,說(shuō)有人企圖偷走這些鉆石。
    that后面的部分為動(dòng)詞tell的賓語(yǔ)從句。從句中的時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(would)。
    3.When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield. 當(dāng)飛機(jī)到達(dá)時(shí),一些偵探等候在主樓內(nèi),另一些偵探則守候在停機(jī)坪上。
    (1)這個(gè)長(zhǎng)句子由3個(gè)部分組成:when引導(dǎo)的是整個(gè)句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句;some of…building為主句;while 引導(dǎo)的是動(dòng)作與主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。while作為連詞表示“和……同時(shí)”、“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”時(shí)常常引導(dǎo)一個(gè)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)從句。(cf. 本課語(yǔ)法)
    (2)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) on the airfield 與第一句中的 at the airport 意義相近。注意介詞on和at的不同搭配。
    (3)代詞others常常和some連用,表示“有些(人)……,也有些(人)……”或者“有的……,其余的……”:
    Some students are very hard-working, others are not.
    有些學(xué)生非常用功,有些則不然。
    Some of the novels are interesting, (the) others are not.
    在這些小說(shuō)中,有些很有趣,其他的則不然。
    4.keep guard 守望,警戒
    與 stand guard(站崗,放哨)意思相近:
    Two thieves kept guard around the house while the others entered it.
    兩個(gè)小偷在屋子外面守著,其他的則進(jìn)了屋。
    They kept a close guard over the thieves.
    他們對(duì)小偷們嚴(yán)加看管。
    5.to their surprise 令他們吃驚的是
    這個(gè)短語(yǔ)中的所有格形容詞their也可以換成其他所有格形容詞:(much) to my/ his surprise, to our surprise 等。一般不說(shuō) to your surprise。
    語(yǔ)法 Grammar in use
    1.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)(The past progressive tense)
    構(gòu)成:be的過(guò)去式+現(xiàn)在分詞(注意現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成)
    (1)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)經(jīng)常同在一個(gè)句子里使用。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或情況,一般過(guò)去時(shí)則表示比較短暫的動(dòng)作或事件。正在進(jìn)行中的動(dòng)作或情況往往由連詞 when, while, as, just as等引導(dǎo):
    While/ When/ As I was sweeping the floor, I found your pen.
    我掃地的時(shí)候,發(fā)現(xiàn)了你的鋼筆。
    while通常只引導(dǎo)持續(xù)時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)作,并且主句和從句可以同時(shí)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),而when和as一般不這么用:
    John was watching TV while his wife was talking with a neighbour over the phone.
    當(dāng)他的妻子和一位鄰居在電話中聊天時(shí),約翰一直在看電視。
    Some students were dancing and singing while others were eating and drinking.
    有些學(xué)生在唱歌跳舞,而另一些則在吃喝。
    Just as I was opening the front door, the telephone rang.
    我正開(kāi)前門(mén)的時(shí)候,電話鈴響了。
    Just as I was leaving the house, you came in.
    你進(jìn)來(lái)的時(shí)候我正要出門(mén)。
    when也可以引導(dǎo)比較短暫的動(dòng)作,while和as則一般不行:
    We were having supper when the lights went out.
    我們正在吃晚飯時(shí)燈滅了。
    2)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)往往與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用,如all morning, all night, all day, all evening, the whole week等,表示這段時(shí)間一直在干什么:
    They were preparing for the party for two whole days.
    整整兩天他們一直在為晚會(huì)進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)備。
    2.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的小品詞(The particles)
    在上一課的語(yǔ)法中已經(jīng)提到,許多動(dòng)詞加上介詞或副詞后就會(huì)改變?cè)~義。這些介詞和副詞通常被稱為小品詞。它們沒(méi)有詞形變化。有些小品詞既可以作介詞又可以作副詞。判斷一個(gè)小品詞是副詞還是介詞要看小品詞有沒(méi)有帶賓語(yǔ)。有賓語(yǔ)的是介詞,沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)的是副詞。介詞的位置相對(duì)固定些:
    I am looking for Tim.
    我在找蒂姆。(for為介詞,位置不能變動(dòng))
    She looked after the baby.
    她照顧那孩子。(after為介詞)
    He put the fire/ it out.
    他滅了火。(out為副詞)
    Mother woke the children/ them up.
    母親把孩子們叫醒了。(up為副詞)
    She took the picture/ it down.
    她把畫(huà)取了下來(lái)。(down為副詞)
    Please turn the radio/ it off.
    請(qǐng)把收音機(jī)關(guān)掉。(off為副詞)
    He turned it on.
    約翰打開(kāi)了電視。(on為副詞)
    Put the cake on the table.
    把蛋糕放在桌上。(on為介詞)
    She is walking up the hill.
    她正向山上走去。(up為介詞)