今天就考研英語閱讀中論點(diǎn)論據(jù)各自的特征一一詳解，方便大家在做考研閱讀文章時(shí)，快速分清論點(diǎn)論據(jù)，直擊考點(diǎn)，做題得分。
論據(jù)特征一：具體，細(xì)節(jié)。
論據(jù)往往是一些具體細(xì)節(jié)信息，包括具體的時(shí)間、人物、地點(diǎn)、事件過程、專有名詞，或者試驗(yàn)對(duì)象、實(shí)驗(yàn)過程、實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)等。以及一些理論論據(jù)，如引用他人言論。再有就是古今對(duì)比結(jié)構(gòu)中的古，過去相對(duì)現(xiàn)在是論據(jù)。如when 引導(dǎo)的過去時(shí)間從句，有past等的句子，大部分都是論據(jù)。
例1：2017 英語一 text 1, the crash of Egypt air flight 804 具體事件信息，屬于事件論據(jù)。論據(jù)可以略讀甚至是跳讀，重點(diǎn)是前面的論點(diǎn)。
Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans’ economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.（2017text 1 paragraph 2）
例2，2011 英語一，text 3， Toyota Motor,后有論據(jù)的典型詞for example, 是論據(jù)段，后面不用看，直接看論據(jù)前的論點(diǎn)，解答Q34。
If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case, the company’s response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign, which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg. （2011 text 3 paragraph 4）
識(shí)別論據(jù)后，在我們閱讀的時(shí)候可以幫助我們撇清一些龐雜的具體細(xì)節(jié)，直指主題，簡(jiǎn)單明了。論據(jù)是為了佐證觀點(diǎn)，論點(diǎn)地位不言而喻。那論點(diǎn)的特征包括哪些？
論點(diǎn)特征二：抽象概念，具有評(píng)判性。
比較明顯的論點(diǎn)，會(huì)有觀點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，或者情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等體現(xiàn)。如句子中有：consider, regard, think, believe, imagine that, hold that, suggest that 等等。
如上述例2，論據(jù)前一句：In such a case, the company’s response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. 此論點(diǎn)句中就含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may 。
例1的論點(diǎn)句，具有評(píng)判性，樂意忍受，是態(tài)度判定。Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety.
論點(diǎn)論據(jù)是議論文的基本要素，要搞定我們考研閱讀，首要就是要分清論點(diǎn)論據(jù)。再結(jié)合我們題型的考核重點(diǎn)，有選擇得重讀與略讀，提高閱讀速度的同時(shí)，還能保證閱讀的正確率。因此大家在做閱讀時(shí)，如遇到介詞In+時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，這就是典型的論據(jù)內(nèi)容，如果提干考核的是論據(jù)細(xì)節(jié)，就重讀論據(jù)。如果考核的是論據(jù)論證了什么觀點(diǎn)，那就跳過論據(jù)，直奔論點(diǎn)。分清論點(diǎn)論據(jù)， 有的放矢，天下我有。
論據(jù)特征一：具體，細(xì)節(jié)。
論據(jù)往往是一些具體細(xì)節(jié)信息，包括具體的時(shí)間、人物、地點(diǎn)、事件過程、專有名詞，或者試驗(yàn)對(duì)象、實(shí)驗(yàn)過程、實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)等。以及一些理論論據(jù)，如引用他人言論。再有就是古今對(duì)比結(jié)構(gòu)中的古，過去相對(duì)現(xiàn)在是論據(jù)。如when 引導(dǎo)的過去時(shí)間從句，有past等的句子，大部分都是論據(jù)。
例1：2017 英語一 text 1, the crash of Egypt air flight 804 具體事件信息，屬于事件論據(jù)。論據(jù)可以略讀甚至是跳讀，重點(diǎn)是前面的論點(diǎn)。
Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans’ economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.（2017text 1 paragraph 2）
例2，2011 英語一，text 3， Toyota Motor,后有論據(jù)的典型詞for example, 是論據(jù)段，后面不用看，直接看論據(jù)前的論點(diǎn)，解答Q34。
If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case, the company’s response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign, which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg. （2011 text 3 paragraph 4）
識(shí)別論據(jù)后，在我們閱讀的時(shí)候可以幫助我們撇清一些龐雜的具體細(xì)節(jié)，直指主題，簡(jiǎn)單明了。論據(jù)是為了佐證觀點(diǎn)，論點(diǎn)地位不言而喻。那論點(diǎn)的特征包括哪些？
論點(diǎn)特征二：抽象概念，具有評(píng)判性。
比較明顯的論點(diǎn)，會(huì)有觀點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，或者情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等體現(xiàn)。如句子中有：consider, regard, think, believe, imagine that, hold that, suggest that 等等。
如上述例2，論據(jù)前一句：In such a case, the company’s response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. 此論點(diǎn)句中就含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may 。
例1的論點(diǎn)句，具有評(píng)判性，樂意忍受，是態(tài)度判定。Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety.
論點(diǎn)論據(jù)是議論文的基本要素，要搞定我們考研閱讀，首要就是要分清論點(diǎn)論據(jù)。再結(jié)合我們題型的考核重點(diǎn)，有選擇得重讀與略讀，提高閱讀速度的同時(shí)，還能保證閱讀的正確率。因此大家在做閱讀時(shí)，如遇到介詞In+時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，這就是典型的論據(jù)內(nèi)容，如果提干考核的是論據(jù)細(xì)節(jié)，就重讀論據(jù)。如果考核的是論據(jù)論證了什么觀點(diǎn)，那就跳過論據(jù)，直奔論點(diǎn)。分清論點(diǎn)論據(jù)， 有的放矢，天下我有。