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集合名詞做主語(yǔ)的主謂一致問(wèn)題
1. 通常用作復(fù)數(shù)的集合名詞
police(警察)，people(人)，cattle(牛，牲口)等集合名詞，總是表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)要用復(fù)數(shù)：
The police were after him. 警察正在追捕他。
People are beginning to talk about her. 人們開(kāi)始議論她。
Cattle feed on grass. 牛吃草。
【注】goods(貨物), clothes(衣服)只有復(fù)數(shù)形式，且只表示復(fù)數(shù)意義：
Such clothes are very cheap. 那樣的衣服很便宜。
All the goods have been sent to them. 所有的貨物都給他們送去了。
2. 只用作單數(shù)的不可數(shù)集合名詞
clothing(衣服)，poetry(詩(shī)歌)，baggage / luggage(行李)， furniture(家具)，machinery(機(jī)械)，scenery(景色)，jewellery(珠寶)，equipment(設(shè)備)等集合名詞通常只用作不可數(shù)名詞，表示單數(shù)意義，用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式：
Our clothing protects us from against the cold. 我們的衣服可以御寒。
All their baggage was stolen. 他們所有的行李都被偷了。
The furniture is convenient to move. 這家具搬起來(lái)很方便。
All the machinery in the factory is made in China. 這個(gè)工廠所有的機(jī)器都是中國(guó)產(chǎn)的。
3. 既可表示單數(shù)意義也可表示復(fù)數(shù)意義的集合名詞
family(家庭)，team(隊(duì)，隊(duì)員)，class(班，班上的全體學(xué)生)，crowd(人群)，government(政府)，crew(乘務(wù)員)，committee(委員會(huì))，audience(聽(tīng)眾)，public(公眾)等集合名詞，當(dāng)它們表示整體意義時(shí)，表單數(shù)意義，當(dāng)它們強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體意義時(shí)，表示復(fù)數(shù)意義：
Her family is a large one. 她的家庭是一個(gè)大家庭。
Her family are all tall. 她的一家人都很高。
The team is the best in the league. 這個(gè)隊(duì)在聯(lián)賽中打得。
The football team are having baths. 足球隊(duì)隊(duì)員們?cè)谙丛琛?BR> It was late, but the audience was increasing. 時(shí)間很遲了，但聽(tīng)眾人數(shù)卻在增加。
The audience were all moved to tears. 聽(tīng)眾都感動(dòng)得流了淚。
【注】有時(shí)沒(méi)有特定的語(yǔ)境，用單復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)均可以：
The audience was (were) very excited by the show. 觀眾對(duì)演出甚感激動(dòng)。
The public has (have) a right to know what’s in the report. 公眾有權(quán)知道這篇報(bào)告的內(nèi)容。
集合名詞做主語(yǔ)的主謂一致問(wèn)題
1. 通常用作復(fù)數(shù)的集合名詞
police(警察)，people(人)，cattle(牛，牲口)等集合名詞，總是表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)要用復(fù)數(shù)：
The police were after him. 警察正在追捕他。
People are beginning to talk about her. 人們開(kāi)始議論她。
Cattle feed on grass. 牛吃草。
【注】goods(貨物), clothes(衣服)只有復(fù)數(shù)形式，且只表示復(fù)數(shù)意義：
Such clothes are very cheap. 那樣的衣服很便宜。
All the goods have been sent to them. 所有的貨物都給他們送去了。
2. 只用作單數(shù)的不可數(shù)集合名詞
clothing(衣服)，poetry(詩(shī)歌)，baggage / luggage(行李)， furniture(家具)，machinery(機(jī)械)，scenery(景色)，jewellery(珠寶)，equipment(設(shè)備)等集合名詞通常只用作不可數(shù)名詞，表示單數(shù)意義，用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式：
Our clothing protects us from against the cold. 我們的衣服可以御寒。
All their baggage was stolen. 他們所有的行李都被偷了。
The furniture is convenient to move. 這家具搬起來(lái)很方便。
All the machinery in the factory is made in China. 這個(gè)工廠所有的機(jī)器都是中國(guó)產(chǎn)的。
3. 既可表示單數(shù)意義也可表示復(fù)數(shù)意義的集合名詞
family(家庭)，team(隊(duì)，隊(duì)員)，class(班，班上的全體學(xué)生)，crowd(人群)，government(政府)，crew(乘務(wù)員)，committee(委員會(huì))，audience(聽(tīng)眾)，public(公眾)等集合名詞，當(dāng)它們表示整體意義時(shí)，表單數(shù)意義，當(dāng)它們強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體意義時(shí)，表示復(fù)數(shù)意義：
Her family is a large one. 她的家庭是一個(gè)大家庭。
Her family are all tall. 她的一家人都很高。
The team is the best in the league. 這個(gè)隊(duì)在聯(lián)賽中打得。
The football team are having baths. 足球隊(duì)隊(duì)員們?cè)谙丛琛?BR> It was late, but the audience was increasing. 時(shí)間很遲了，但聽(tīng)眾人數(shù)卻在增加。
The audience were all moved to tears. 聽(tīng)眾都感動(dòng)得流了淚。
【注】有時(shí)沒(méi)有特定的語(yǔ)境，用單復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)均可以：
The audience was (were) very excited by the show. 觀眾對(duì)演出甚感激動(dòng)。
The public has (have) a right to know what’s in the report. 公眾有權(quán)知道這篇報(bào)告的內(nèi)容。