作文是英語(yǔ)考試的重中之重，想要寫出好的作文，可以多背多記一些素材。以下是為大家整理的《2018年中考英語(yǔ)作文素材整理【六篇】》希望對(duì)大家的寫作有啟發(fā)和幫助。
【第一篇：First Inaugural Address】
First Inaugural Address(Excerpts)
We observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning; signifying renewal, as well as change. For I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three quarters ago.
In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than in mine, will rest the final success or failure of our course. Since this country was founded, each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty. The graves of young Americans who answered the call to service surround the globe.
Now the trumpet summons us again, not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need; not as a call to battle, though embattled we are; but a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle, year in and year out, “rejoicing in hope; patient in tribulation”, a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease, and war itself.
Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance, North and South, East and West, that can assure a more fruitful life for all mankind? Will you join in that historic effort?
In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger. I do not shrink from this responsibility. I welcome it. I do not believe that any of us would exchange places with any other people or any other generation. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it. And the glow from that fire can truly light the world.
And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.
My fellow citizens of the world, ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man.
Finally, whether you are citizens of America or citizens of the world, ask of us here the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you. With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing and His help, but knowing that here on earth, God’s work must truly be our own. 譯文：
就職演講(節(jié)選)
今天我們慶祝的不是政黨的勝利，而是自由的勝利。這象征著一個(gè)結(jié)束，也象征著一個(gè)開(kāi)端;意味著延續(xù)也意味看變革。因?yàn)槲乙言谀銈兒腿艿纳系勖媲?，宣讀了我們的先輩在170多年前擬定的莊嚴(yán)誓言。
公民們，我們方針的最終成敗與其說(shuō)掌握在我手中，不如說(shuō)掌握在你們手中。自從合眾國(guó)建立以來(lái)，每一代美國(guó)人都曾受到召喚去證明他們對(duì)國(guó)家的忠誠(chéng)。響應(yīng)召喚而獻(xiàn)身的美國(guó)青年的墳?zāi)贡榧叭颉?BR> 現(xiàn)在，號(hào)角已再次吹響---不是召喚我們拿起武器，雖然我們需要武器;不是召喚我們?nèi)プ鲬?zhàn)，雖然我們嚴(yán)陣以待。它召喚我們?yōu)橛永杳鞫缲?fù)起漫長(zhǎng)斗爭(zhēng)的重任，年復(fù)一年，從希望中得到歡樂(lè)，在磨難中保持耐性，對(duì)付人類共同的敵人---專制、社團(tuán)、疾病和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)本身。
為反對(duì)這些敵人，確保人類更為豐裕的生活，我們能夠組成一個(gè)包括東西南北各方的全球大聯(lián)盟嗎?你們?cè)敢鈪⒓舆@一歷史性的努力嗎?
在漫長(zhǎng)的世界歷史中，只有少數(shù)幾代人在自由處于最危急的時(shí)刻被賦予保衛(wèi)自由的責(zé)任。我不會(huì)推卸這一責(zé)任，我歡迎這一責(zé)任。我不相信我們中間有人想同其他人或其他時(shí)代的人交換位置。我們?yōu)檫@一努力所奉獻(xiàn)的精力、信念和忠誠(chéng)，將照亮我們的國(guó)家和所有為國(guó)效勞的人，而這火焰發(fā)出的光芒定能照亮全世界。
因此，美國(guó)同胞們，不要問(wèn)國(guó)家能為你們做些什么、而要問(wèn)你們能為國(guó)家做些什么。
全世界的公民們，不要問(wèn)美國(guó)將為你們做些計(jì)人，而要問(wèn)我們共同能為人類的自由做些什么。
最后，不論你們是美國(guó)公民還是其他國(guó)家的公民，你們應(yīng)要求我們獻(xiàn)出我們同樣要求于你們的高度力量和犧牲。問(wèn)心無(wú)愧是我們可靠的獎(jiǎng)賞，歷史是我們行動(dòng)的最終裁判，讓我們走向前去，引導(dǎo)我們所熱愛(ài)的國(guó)家。我們祈求上帝的福佑和幫助，但我們知道，確切地說(shuō)，上帝在塵世的工作必定是我們自己的工作。
【第二篇：Gettysburg Address】
Gettysburg Address
Fourscore and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now, we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting-place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us, the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us---that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion; that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain; that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom; and that government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the earth. 譯文：
在葛底斯堡的演說(shuō)
87年前，我們的先輩們?cè)谶@個(gè)大陸上創(chuàng)立了一個(gè)新國(guó)家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行一切人生來(lái)平等的原則?，F(xiàn)在我們正從事一場(chǎng)偉大的內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，以考驗(yàn)這個(gè)國(guó)家，或者任何一個(gè)孕育于自由和奉行上述原則的國(guó)家是否能夠長(zhǎng)久存在下去。我們?cè)谶@場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的一個(gè)偉大戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上集會(huì)。烈士們?yōu)槭惯@個(gè)國(guó)家能夠生存下去而獻(xiàn)出了自己的生命，我們來(lái)到這里，是要把這個(gè)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)的一部分奉獻(xiàn)給他們作為最后安息之所。我們這樣做是完全應(yīng)該而且是非常恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?BR> 但是，從更廣泛的意義上來(lái)說(shuō)，這塊土地我們不能夠奉獻(xiàn)，不能夠圣化，不能夠神化。那些曾在這里戰(zhàn)斗過(guò)的勇士們，活著的和去世的，已經(jīng)把這塊土地圣化了，這遠(yuǎn)不是我們微薄的力量所能增減的。我們今天在這里所說(shuō)的話，全世界不大會(huì)注意，也不會(huì)長(zhǎng)久地記住，但勇士們?cè)谶@里所做過(guò)的事，全世界卻永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記。毋寧說(shuō)，倒是我們這些還活著的人，應(yīng)該在這里把自己奉獻(xiàn)于勇士們已經(jīng)如此崇高地向前推進(jìn)但尚未完成的事業(yè)。倒是我們應(yīng)該在這里把自己奉獻(xiàn)于仍然留在我們面前的偉大任務(wù)——我們要從這些光榮的死者身上汲取更多的獻(xiàn)身精神，來(lái)完成他們已經(jīng)完全徹底為之獻(xiàn)身的事業(yè);我們要在這里下定的決心，不讓這些死者白白犧牲;我們要使國(guó)家在上帝福佑下得到自由的新生，要使這個(gè)民有、民治、民享的政府永世長(zhǎng)存。
【第三篇：To Be or Not to Be】
To Be or Not to Be
Outside the Bible, these six words are the most famous in all the literature of the world. They were spoken by Hamlet when he was thinking aloud, and they are the most famous words in Shakespeare because Hamlet was speaking not only for himself but also for every thinking man and woman. To be or not to be, to live or not to live, to live richly and abundantly and eagerly, or to live dully and meanly and scarcely. A philosopher once wanted to know whether he was alive or not, which is a good question for everyone to put to himself occasionally. He answered it by saying: "I think, therefore am."
But the best definition of existence ever saw did another philosopher who said: "To be is to be in relations." If this true, then the more relations a living thing has, the more it is alive. To live abundantly means simply to increase the range and intensity of our relations. Unfortunately we are so constituted that we get to love our routine. But apart from our regular occupation how much are we alive? If you are interest-ed only in your regular occupation, you are alive only to that extent. So far as other things are concerned--poetry and prose, music, pictures, sports, unselfish friendships, politics, international affairs--you are dead.
Contrariwise, it is true that every time you acquire a new interest--even more, a new accomplishment--you increase your power of life. No one who is deeply interested in a large variety of subjects can remain unhappy; the real pessimist is the person who has lost interest.
Bacon said that a man dies as often as he loses a friend. But we gain new life by contacts, new friends. What is supremely true of living objects is only less true of ideas, which are also alive. Where your thoughts are, there will your live be also. If your thoughts are confined only to your business, only to your physical welfare, only to the narrow circle of the town in which you live, then you live in a narrow cir-conscribed life. But if you are interested in what is going on in China, then you are living in China~ if you’re interested in the characters of a good novel, then you are living with those highly interesting people, if you listen intently to fine music, you are away from your immediate surroundings and living in a world of passion and imagination.
To be or not to be--to live intensely and richly, merely to exist, that depends on ourselves. Let widen and intensify our relations. While we live, let live! 譯文：
生存還是毀滅
“生存還是毀滅?！比绻选妒ソ?jīng)》除外，這六個(gè)字便是整個(gè)世界文學(xué)中最有名的六個(gè)字了。這六個(gè)字是哈姆雷特一次喃喃自語(yǔ)時(shí)說(shuō)的，而這六個(gè)字也就成了莎士比亞作品中最有名的幾個(gè)字了，因?yàn)檫@里哈姆雷特不僅道出了他自己的心聲，同時(shí)也代表了一切有思想的男男女女。是活還是不活——是要生活還是不要生活，是要生活得豐滿充實(shí)，興致勃勃，還是只是活得枯燥委瑣，貧乏無(wú)味。一位哲人一次曾想弄清他自己是否是在活著，這個(gè)問(wèn)題我們每個(gè)人也大可不時(shí)地問(wèn)問(wèn)我們自己。這位哲學(xué)家對(duì)此的答案是： “我思故我在。”
但是關(guān)于生存我所見(jiàn)過(guò)的一條的定義卻是另一位哲學(xué)家下的：“生活即是聯(lián)系?！比绻@話不假的話，那么一個(gè)有生命者的聯(lián)系越多，它也就越有生氣。所謂要活得豐富充實(shí)也即是要擴(kuò)大和加強(qiáng)我們的各種聯(lián)系。不幸的是，我們往往會(huì)因?yàn)樘煨圆粔蜇S厚而容易陷入自己的陳規(guī)舊套。試問(wèn)除去我們的日常工作，我們的真正生活又有多少?如果你只是對(duì)你的日常工作才有興趣，那你的生趣也就很有限了。至于在其它事物方面，比如詩(shī)歌、散文、音樂(lè)、美術(shù)、體育、無(wú)私的友誼、政治與國(guó)際事務(wù)，等等——你只是死人一個(gè)。
但反過(guò)來(lái)說(shuō)，每當(dāng)你獲得一種新的興趣——甚至一項(xiàng)新的造詣——你就增長(zhǎng)了你的生活本領(lǐng)。一個(gè)能對(duì)許許多多事物都深感興趣的人是不可能總不愉快的，真正的悲觀者只能是那些喪失興趣的人。
培根曾講過(guò)，一個(gè)人失去朋友即是死亡。但是憑著交往，憑著新朋，我們就能獲得再生。這條對(duì)于活人可謂千真萬(wàn)確的道理在一定程度上也完全適用于人的思想，它們也都是活的。你的思想所在，你的生命便也在那里。如果你的思想不出你的業(yè)務(wù)范圍，不出你的物質(zhì)利益，不出你所在城鎮(zhèn)的狹隘圈子，那么你的一生便也只是多方受著局限的狹隘的一生。但是如果你對(duì)當(dāng)前中國(guó)那里所發(fā)生的種種感到興趣，那么你便可說(shuō)也活在中國(guó);如果你對(duì)一本佳妙小說(shuō)中的人物感到興趣，你便是活在一批極有趣的人們中間;如果你能全神貫注地聽(tīng)點(diǎn)好的音樂(lè)，你就會(huì)超脫出你的周圍環(huán)境而活在一個(gè)充滿激情與想象的神奇世界之中。
生存還是毀滅——活得熱烈活得豐富，還是只是簡(jiǎn)單存在，這就全在我們自己。但愿我們都能不斷擴(kuò)展和增強(qiáng)我們的各種聯(lián)系。只要一天我們活著，就要一天是在活著。
【第四篇：An October Sunrise】
An October Sunrise
I was up the next morning be fore the October sunrise, and away through the wild and the woodland. The rising of the sun was noble in the cold and warmth of it peeping down the spread of light, he raised his shoulder heavily over the edge of grey mountain and wavering length of upland. Beneath his gaze the dew-fogs dipped, and crept to crept to the hollow places; then stole away in line and column, holding skirts, and clinging subtly at the sheltering corners where rock hung over grassland, while the brave lines of the hills came forth, one beyond other gliding.
The woods arose in folds, like drapery of awakened mountains, stately with a depth of awe, and memory of the tempests. Autumn’s mellow hand was upon them, as they owned already, touched with gold and red and olive, and their joy towards the sun was less to a bridegroom than a father.
Yet before the floating impress of the woods could clear it self, suddenly the gladsome light leaped over hill and valley, casting amber, blue, and purple, and a tint of rich red rose; according to the scene they lit on, and the curtain flung around; yet all alike dispelling fear and the cloven hoof of darkness, all on the wings of hope advancing, and proclaiming, “God is here!” then life and joy sprang reassured from every crouching hollow; every flower, and bud and bird had a fluttering sense of them; and all the flashing of God’s gaze merged into soft beneficence.
So, perhaps, shall break upon us that eternal morning, when crag and chasm shall be no more, neither hill and valley, nor great unvintaged ocean; but all things shall arise, and shine in the light of the Father’s countenance, because itself is risen. 譯文：
十月的日出
第二天凌晨，在十月的太陽(yáng)升起之前，我已經(jīng)起身并穿過(guò)了曠野和叢林。十月的清晨乍寒還暖，日出的景象非常壯觀。透過(guò)一片晨曦，朝日從朦朧的山岡和起伏連綿的高地過(guò)際，沉重地抬起肩頭。在它的逼視下，蒙蒙的霧氣向下沉降，落到洼地里去，接著一絲絲一縷縷地悄悄飄散，而在草地之上懸?guī)r之下的那些隱秘角落里，霧氣卻還不愿散去，同時(shí)群山的雄姿接二連三地顯現(xiàn)出來(lái)。
森林也層層疊疊地顯現(xiàn)，宛若剛剛蘇醒的山巒的斗篷，端莊威嚴(yán)，并帶著狂風(fēng)暴雨的回憶。秋天成熟的手已經(jīng)在撫摸這些山林，因?yàn)樗鼈兊念伾呀?jīng)改變，染上了金黃，丹紅和橄欖綠。它們對(duì)朝日所懷的一片喜悅，像是要奉獻(xiàn)給一個(gè)新郎，更像是要奉獻(xiàn)給一位父親。
然而，在樹(shù)林那流動(dòng)的景色逝去之前，歡悅的晨光突然躍出了峰巒和山谷，光線所及，把照到的地方和周圍的森林分別染成青色，紫色，琥珀色和富麗的紅玫瑰色。光線照到哪里，那里就如同一幅幕布被掀開(kāi)。而所有的一切都同樣在驅(qū)散恐懼和黑暗的魔影;所有的一切都展開(kāi)希望的翅膀，向前習(xí)翔，并大聲宣告：“上帝在這里!”于是生命和歡樂(lè)從每一個(gè)蜷伏的洞穴里信心十足地欣然躍出;一切花朵，蓓蕾和鳥(niǎo)雀都感到了生命和歡樂(lè)而抖動(dòng)起來(lái);上帝的凝視匯合成溫柔的恩澤。
也許，那永恒的晨光就會(huì)這樣降臨人間，那時(shí)不再有險(xiǎn)崖溝壑，不再有峰巒山谷，也不再有浩瀚無(wú)際的海洋;萬(wàn)物都將踴躍升騰，在造物主慈愛(ài)的光芒中生輝，因?yàn)樘?yáng)已經(jīng)升起。
【第五篇：On Motes and Beams】
On Motes and Beams
It is curious that our own offenses should seem so much less heinous than the offenses of others. I suppose the reason is that we know all the circumstances that have occasioned them and so manage to excuse in ourselves what we cannot excuse in others. We turn our attention away from our own defects, and when we are forced by untoward events to consider them, find it easy to condone them. For all I know we are right to do this; they are part of us and we must accept the good and bad in ourselves together.
But when we come to judge others, it is not by ourselves as we really are that we judge them, but by an image that we have formed of ourselves fro which we have left out everything that offends our vanity or would discredit us in the eyes of the world. To take a trivial instance: how scornful we are when we catch someone out telling a lie; but who can say that he has never told not one, but a hundred?
There is not much to choose between men. They are all a hotchpotch of greatness and littleness, of virtue and vice, of nobility and baseness. Some have more strength of character, or more opportunity, and so in one direction or another give their instincts freer play, but potentially they are the same. For my part, I do not think I am any better or any worse than most people, but I know that if I set down every action in my life and every thought that has crossed my mind, the world would consider me a monster of depravity. The knowledge that these reveries are common to all men should inspire one with tolerance to oneself as well as to others. It is well also if they enable us to look upon our fellows, even the most eminent and respectable, with humor, and if they lead us to take ourselves not too seriously. 譯文：
微塵與棟梁
讓人奇怪的是，和別人的過(guò)錯(cuò)比起來(lái)，我們自身的過(guò)錯(cuò)往往不是那樣的可惡。我想，其原因應(yīng)該是我們知曉一切導(dǎo)致自己犯錯(cuò)的情況，因此能夠設(shè)法諒解自己的錯(cuò)誤，而別人的錯(cuò)誤卻不能諒解。我們對(duì)自己的缺點(diǎn)不甚關(guān)注，即便是深陷困境而不得不正視它們的時(shí)候，我們也會(huì)很容易就寬恕自己。據(jù)我所知，我們這樣做是正確的。缺點(diǎn)是我們自身的一部分，我們必須接納自己的好和壞。
但是當(dāng)我們?cè)u(píng)判別人的時(shí)候，情況就不同了。我們不是通過(guò)真實(shí)的自我來(lái)評(píng)判別人，而是用一種自我形象來(lái)評(píng)判，這種自我形象完全摒棄了在任何世人眼中會(huì)傷害到自己的虛榮或者體面的東西。舉一個(gè)小例子來(lái)說(shuō)：當(dāng)覺(jué)察到別人說(shuō)謊時(shí)，我們是多么地蔑視他啊!但是，誰(shuí)能夠說(shuō)自從未說(shuō)過(guò)謊?可能還不止一百次呢。
人和人之間沒(méi)什么大的差別。他們皆是偉大與渺小，善良與邪惡，高尚與低俗的混合體。有的人性格比較堅(jiān)毅，機(jī)會(huì)也比較多，因而達(dá)個(gè)或那個(gè)方面，能夠更自由地發(fā)揮自己的稟賦，但是人類的潛能卻都是相同的。至于我自己，我認(rèn)為自己并不比大多數(shù)人更好或者更差，但是我知道，假如我記下我生命中每一次舉動(dòng)和每一個(gè)掠過(guò)我腦海的想法的話，世界就會(huì)將我視為一個(gè)邪惡的怪物。每個(gè)人都會(huì)有這樣的怪念頭，這樣的認(rèn)識(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)能夠啟發(fā)我們寬容自己，也寬容他人。同時(shí)，假如因此我們得以用幽默的態(tài)度看待他人，即使是天下秀最令人尊敬的人，而且假如我們也因此不把自己看得過(guò)于重要，那是很有裨益的。
【第六篇：Work and Pleasure】
Work and Pleasure
To be really happy and really safe, one ought to have at least two or three hobbies, and they must all be real. It is no use starting late in life to say: “I will take an interest in this or that.” Such an attempt only aggravates the strain of mental effort. A man may acquire great knowledge of topics unconnected with his daily work, and yet hardly get any benefit or relief. It is no use doing what you like; you have got to like what you do. Broadly speaking, human being may be divided into three classes: those who are toiled to death, those who are worried to death, and those who are bored to death. It is no use offering the manual laborer, tired out with a hard week’s sweat and effort, the chance of playing a game of football or baseball on Saturday afternoon. It is no use inviting the politician or the professional or business man, who has been working or worrying about serious things for six days, to work or worry about trifling things at the weekend.
It may also be said that rational, industrious, useful human beings are divided into two classes: first, those whose work is work and whose pleasure is pleasure; and secondly, those whose work and pleasure are one. Of these the former are the majority. They have their compensations. The long hours in the office or the factory bring with them as their reward, not only the means of sustenance, but a keen appetite for pleasure even in its simplest and most modest forms. But Fortune’s favored children belong to the second class. Their life is a natural harmony. For them the working hours are never long enough. Each day is a holiday, and ordinary holidays when they come are grudged as enforced interruptions in an absorbing vacation. Yet to both classes the need of an alternative outlook, of a change of atmosphere, of a diversion of effort, is essential. Indeed, it may well be that those whose work is their pleasure are those who most need the means of banishing it at intervals from their minds. 譯文：
工作和娛樂(lè)
要想真正生活得幸福和平安，一個(gè)人至少應(yīng)該有兩三種業(yè)余愛(ài)好，而且必須是真正的愛(ài)好。到了晚年才開(kāi)始說(shuō)“我要培養(yǎng)這個(gè)或那個(gè)興趣”是毫無(wú)用處的，種這種嘗試只會(huì)增加精神上的負(fù)擔(dān)。在與自己日常工作無(wú)關(guān)的領(lǐng)域中，一個(gè)人可以獲得淵博的知識(shí)，但卻很難有所收益或得到放松。做自己喜歡的事是無(wú)益的，你得喜歡自己所做的事。廣言之，人可以分為三個(gè)類別：勞累而死的人，憂慮而死的人和無(wú)聊而死的人。對(duì)于那些體力勞動(dòng)者來(lái)說(shuō)，一周辛苦的工作使他們精疾力竭，因此在周六下午給他們提供踢足球或者打棒球的機(jī)會(huì)是沒(méi)有意義的。對(duì)于政界人士，專業(yè)人士或者商人來(lái)說(shuō)，他們已經(jīng)為棘手的事務(wù)操勞或者煩惱了六天，因此在周末請(qǐng)他們?yōu)楝嵤聞谏裢瑯雍翢o(wú)意義。
或者可以這么說(shuō)，理智的，勤奮的，有用的人可以分為兩類：對(duì)第一類人而言，工作就是工作，娛樂(lè)就是娛樂(lè);對(duì)于第二類人而言，工作和娛樂(lè)是合二為一的。很大一部分人屬于前者。他們可以得到相應(yīng)的補(bǔ)償。在辦公室或工廠里長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的工作，不僅帶給他們維持生計(jì)的金錢，還帶給他們一種渴求娛樂(lè)的強(qiáng)烈欲望，哪怕這種娛樂(lè)消遣是以最簡(jiǎn)單，最淳樸的方式進(jìn)行的。而第二類人則是命運(yùn)的寵兒。他們的生活自然而和諧。在他們看來(lái)，工作時(shí)間永遠(yuǎn)不夠多，每天都是假期;而當(dāng)正常的假日到來(lái)時(shí)，他們總會(huì)抱怨自己有趣的休假被強(qiáng)行中斷。然而，有一些東西對(duì)于這兩類人來(lái)說(shuō)都十分必要，那就是變換一下視角，改變一下氛圍，嘗試做點(diǎn)不同的事情。事實(shí)上，那些把工作看作娛樂(lè)的人可能是需要以某種方式將工作不時(shí)地驅(qū)趕出自己的大腦。
【第一篇：First Inaugural Address】
First Inaugural Address(Excerpts)
We observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning; signifying renewal, as well as change. For I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three quarters ago.
In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than in mine, will rest the final success or failure of our course. Since this country was founded, each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty. The graves of young Americans who answered the call to service surround the globe.
Now the trumpet summons us again, not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need; not as a call to battle, though embattled we are; but a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle, year in and year out, “rejoicing in hope; patient in tribulation”, a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease, and war itself.
Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance, North and South, East and West, that can assure a more fruitful life for all mankind? Will you join in that historic effort?
In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger. I do not shrink from this responsibility. I welcome it. I do not believe that any of us would exchange places with any other people or any other generation. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it. And the glow from that fire can truly light the world.
And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.
My fellow citizens of the world, ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man.
Finally, whether you are citizens of America or citizens of the world, ask of us here the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you. With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing and His help, but knowing that here on earth, God’s work must truly be our own. 譯文：
就職演講(節(jié)選)
今天我們慶祝的不是政黨的勝利，而是自由的勝利。這象征著一個(gè)結(jié)束，也象征著一個(gè)開(kāi)端;意味著延續(xù)也意味看變革。因?yàn)槲乙言谀銈兒腿艿纳系勖媲?，宣讀了我們的先輩在170多年前擬定的莊嚴(yán)誓言。
公民們，我們方針的最終成敗與其說(shuō)掌握在我手中，不如說(shuō)掌握在你們手中。自從合眾國(guó)建立以來(lái)，每一代美國(guó)人都曾受到召喚去證明他們對(duì)國(guó)家的忠誠(chéng)。響應(yīng)召喚而獻(xiàn)身的美國(guó)青年的墳?zāi)贡榧叭颉?BR> 現(xiàn)在，號(hào)角已再次吹響---不是召喚我們拿起武器，雖然我們需要武器;不是召喚我們?nèi)プ鲬?zhàn)，雖然我們嚴(yán)陣以待。它召喚我們?yōu)橛永杳鞫缲?fù)起漫長(zhǎng)斗爭(zhēng)的重任，年復(fù)一年，從希望中得到歡樂(lè)，在磨難中保持耐性，對(duì)付人類共同的敵人---專制、社團(tuán)、疾病和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)本身。
為反對(duì)這些敵人，確保人類更為豐裕的生活，我們能夠組成一個(gè)包括東西南北各方的全球大聯(lián)盟嗎?你們?cè)敢鈪⒓舆@一歷史性的努力嗎?
在漫長(zhǎng)的世界歷史中，只有少數(shù)幾代人在自由處于最危急的時(shí)刻被賦予保衛(wèi)自由的責(zé)任。我不會(huì)推卸這一責(zé)任，我歡迎這一責(zé)任。我不相信我們中間有人想同其他人或其他時(shí)代的人交換位置。我們?yōu)檫@一努力所奉獻(xiàn)的精力、信念和忠誠(chéng)，將照亮我們的國(guó)家和所有為國(guó)效勞的人，而這火焰發(fā)出的光芒定能照亮全世界。
因此，美國(guó)同胞們，不要問(wèn)國(guó)家能為你們做些什么、而要問(wèn)你們能為國(guó)家做些什么。
全世界的公民們，不要問(wèn)美國(guó)將為你們做些計(jì)人，而要問(wèn)我們共同能為人類的自由做些什么。
最后，不論你們是美國(guó)公民還是其他國(guó)家的公民，你們應(yīng)要求我們獻(xiàn)出我們同樣要求于你們的高度力量和犧牲。問(wèn)心無(wú)愧是我們可靠的獎(jiǎng)賞，歷史是我們行動(dòng)的最終裁判，讓我們走向前去，引導(dǎo)我們所熱愛(ài)的國(guó)家。我們祈求上帝的福佑和幫助，但我們知道，確切地說(shuō)，上帝在塵世的工作必定是我們自己的工作。
【第二篇：Gettysburg Address】
Gettysburg Address
Fourscore and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now, we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting-place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us, the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us---that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion; that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain; that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom; and that government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the earth. 譯文：
在葛底斯堡的演說(shuō)
87年前，我們的先輩們?cè)谶@個(gè)大陸上創(chuàng)立了一個(gè)新國(guó)家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行一切人生來(lái)平等的原則?，F(xiàn)在我們正從事一場(chǎng)偉大的內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，以考驗(yàn)這個(gè)國(guó)家，或者任何一個(gè)孕育于自由和奉行上述原則的國(guó)家是否能夠長(zhǎng)久存在下去。我們?cè)谶@場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的一個(gè)偉大戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上集會(huì)。烈士們?yōu)槭惯@個(gè)國(guó)家能夠生存下去而獻(xiàn)出了自己的生命，我們來(lái)到這里，是要把這個(gè)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)的一部分奉獻(xiàn)給他們作為最后安息之所。我們這樣做是完全應(yīng)該而且是非常恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?BR> 但是，從更廣泛的意義上來(lái)說(shuō)，這塊土地我們不能夠奉獻(xiàn)，不能夠圣化，不能夠神化。那些曾在這里戰(zhàn)斗過(guò)的勇士們，活著的和去世的，已經(jīng)把這塊土地圣化了，這遠(yuǎn)不是我們微薄的力量所能增減的。我們今天在這里所說(shuō)的話，全世界不大會(huì)注意，也不會(huì)長(zhǎng)久地記住，但勇士們?cè)谶@里所做過(guò)的事，全世界卻永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記。毋寧說(shuō)，倒是我們這些還活著的人，應(yīng)該在這里把自己奉獻(xiàn)于勇士們已經(jīng)如此崇高地向前推進(jìn)但尚未完成的事業(yè)。倒是我們應(yīng)該在這里把自己奉獻(xiàn)于仍然留在我們面前的偉大任務(wù)——我們要從這些光榮的死者身上汲取更多的獻(xiàn)身精神，來(lái)完成他們已經(jīng)完全徹底為之獻(xiàn)身的事業(yè);我們要在這里下定的決心，不讓這些死者白白犧牲;我們要使國(guó)家在上帝福佑下得到自由的新生，要使這個(gè)民有、民治、民享的政府永世長(zhǎng)存。
【第三篇：To Be or Not to Be】
To Be or Not to Be
Outside the Bible, these six words are the most famous in all the literature of the world. They were spoken by Hamlet when he was thinking aloud, and they are the most famous words in Shakespeare because Hamlet was speaking not only for himself but also for every thinking man and woman. To be or not to be, to live or not to live, to live richly and abundantly and eagerly, or to live dully and meanly and scarcely. A philosopher once wanted to know whether he was alive or not, which is a good question for everyone to put to himself occasionally. He answered it by saying: "I think, therefore am."
But the best definition of existence ever saw did another philosopher who said: "To be is to be in relations." If this true, then the more relations a living thing has, the more it is alive. To live abundantly means simply to increase the range and intensity of our relations. Unfortunately we are so constituted that we get to love our routine. But apart from our regular occupation how much are we alive? If you are interest-ed only in your regular occupation, you are alive only to that extent. So far as other things are concerned--poetry and prose, music, pictures, sports, unselfish friendships, politics, international affairs--you are dead.
Contrariwise, it is true that every time you acquire a new interest--even more, a new accomplishment--you increase your power of life. No one who is deeply interested in a large variety of subjects can remain unhappy; the real pessimist is the person who has lost interest.
Bacon said that a man dies as often as he loses a friend. But we gain new life by contacts, new friends. What is supremely true of living objects is only less true of ideas, which are also alive. Where your thoughts are, there will your live be also. If your thoughts are confined only to your business, only to your physical welfare, only to the narrow circle of the town in which you live, then you live in a narrow cir-conscribed life. But if you are interested in what is going on in China, then you are living in China~ if you’re interested in the characters of a good novel, then you are living with those highly interesting people, if you listen intently to fine music, you are away from your immediate surroundings and living in a world of passion and imagination.
To be or not to be--to live intensely and richly, merely to exist, that depends on ourselves. Let widen and intensify our relations. While we live, let live! 譯文：
生存還是毀滅
“生存還是毀滅?！比绻选妒ソ?jīng)》除外，這六個(gè)字便是整個(gè)世界文學(xué)中最有名的六個(gè)字了。這六個(gè)字是哈姆雷特一次喃喃自語(yǔ)時(shí)說(shuō)的，而這六個(gè)字也就成了莎士比亞作品中最有名的幾個(gè)字了，因?yàn)檫@里哈姆雷特不僅道出了他自己的心聲，同時(shí)也代表了一切有思想的男男女女。是活還是不活——是要生活還是不要生活，是要生活得豐滿充實(shí)，興致勃勃，還是只是活得枯燥委瑣，貧乏無(wú)味。一位哲人一次曾想弄清他自己是否是在活著，這個(gè)問(wèn)題我們每個(gè)人也大可不時(shí)地問(wèn)問(wèn)我們自己。這位哲學(xué)家對(duì)此的答案是： “我思故我在。”
但是關(guān)于生存我所見(jiàn)過(guò)的一條的定義卻是另一位哲學(xué)家下的：“生活即是聯(lián)系?！比绻@話不假的話，那么一個(gè)有生命者的聯(lián)系越多，它也就越有生氣。所謂要活得豐富充實(shí)也即是要擴(kuò)大和加強(qiáng)我們的各種聯(lián)系。不幸的是，我們往往會(huì)因?yàn)樘煨圆粔蜇S厚而容易陷入自己的陳規(guī)舊套。試問(wèn)除去我們的日常工作，我們的真正生活又有多少?如果你只是對(duì)你的日常工作才有興趣，那你的生趣也就很有限了。至于在其它事物方面，比如詩(shī)歌、散文、音樂(lè)、美術(shù)、體育、無(wú)私的友誼、政治與國(guó)際事務(wù)，等等——你只是死人一個(gè)。
但反過(guò)來(lái)說(shuō)，每當(dāng)你獲得一種新的興趣——甚至一項(xiàng)新的造詣——你就增長(zhǎng)了你的生活本領(lǐng)。一個(gè)能對(duì)許許多多事物都深感興趣的人是不可能總不愉快的，真正的悲觀者只能是那些喪失興趣的人。
培根曾講過(guò)，一個(gè)人失去朋友即是死亡。但是憑著交往，憑著新朋，我們就能獲得再生。這條對(duì)于活人可謂千真萬(wàn)確的道理在一定程度上也完全適用于人的思想，它們也都是活的。你的思想所在，你的生命便也在那里。如果你的思想不出你的業(yè)務(wù)范圍，不出你的物質(zhì)利益，不出你所在城鎮(zhèn)的狹隘圈子，那么你的一生便也只是多方受著局限的狹隘的一生。但是如果你對(duì)當(dāng)前中國(guó)那里所發(fā)生的種種感到興趣，那么你便可說(shuō)也活在中國(guó);如果你對(duì)一本佳妙小說(shuō)中的人物感到興趣，你便是活在一批極有趣的人們中間;如果你能全神貫注地聽(tīng)點(diǎn)好的音樂(lè)，你就會(huì)超脫出你的周圍環(huán)境而活在一個(gè)充滿激情與想象的神奇世界之中。
生存還是毀滅——活得熱烈活得豐富，還是只是簡(jiǎn)單存在，這就全在我們自己。但愿我們都能不斷擴(kuò)展和增強(qiáng)我們的各種聯(lián)系。只要一天我們活著，就要一天是在活著。
【第四篇：An October Sunrise】
An October Sunrise
I was up the next morning be fore the October sunrise, and away through the wild and the woodland. The rising of the sun was noble in the cold and warmth of it peeping down the spread of light, he raised his shoulder heavily over the edge of grey mountain and wavering length of upland. Beneath his gaze the dew-fogs dipped, and crept to crept to the hollow places; then stole away in line and column, holding skirts, and clinging subtly at the sheltering corners where rock hung over grassland, while the brave lines of the hills came forth, one beyond other gliding.
The woods arose in folds, like drapery of awakened mountains, stately with a depth of awe, and memory of the tempests. Autumn’s mellow hand was upon them, as they owned already, touched with gold and red and olive, and their joy towards the sun was less to a bridegroom than a father.
Yet before the floating impress of the woods could clear it self, suddenly the gladsome light leaped over hill and valley, casting amber, blue, and purple, and a tint of rich red rose; according to the scene they lit on, and the curtain flung around; yet all alike dispelling fear and the cloven hoof of darkness, all on the wings of hope advancing, and proclaiming, “God is here!” then life and joy sprang reassured from every crouching hollow; every flower, and bud and bird had a fluttering sense of them; and all the flashing of God’s gaze merged into soft beneficence.
So, perhaps, shall break upon us that eternal morning, when crag and chasm shall be no more, neither hill and valley, nor great unvintaged ocean; but all things shall arise, and shine in the light of the Father’s countenance, because itself is risen. 譯文：
十月的日出
第二天凌晨，在十月的太陽(yáng)升起之前，我已經(jīng)起身并穿過(guò)了曠野和叢林。十月的清晨乍寒還暖，日出的景象非常壯觀。透過(guò)一片晨曦，朝日從朦朧的山岡和起伏連綿的高地過(guò)際，沉重地抬起肩頭。在它的逼視下，蒙蒙的霧氣向下沉降，落到洼地里去，接著一絲絲一縷縷地悄悄飄散，而在草地之上懸?guī)r之下的那些隱秘角落里，霧氣卻還不愿散去，同時(shí)群山的雄姿接二連三地顯現(xiàn)出來(lái)。
森林也層層疊疊地顯現(xiàn)，宛若剛剛蘇醒的山巒的斗篷，端莊威嚴(yán)，并帶著狂風(fēng)暴雨的回憶。秋天成熟的手已經(jīng)在撫摸這些山林，因?yàn)樗鼈兊念伾呀?jīng)改變，染上了金黃，丹紅和橄欖綠。它們對(duì)朝日所懷的一片喜悅，像是要奉獻(xiàn)給一個(gè)新郎，更像是要奉獻(xiàn)給一位父親。
然而，在樹(shù)林那流動(dòng)的景色逝去之前，歡悅的晨光突然躍出了峰巒和山谷，光線所及，把照到的地方和周圍的森林分別染成青色，紫色，琥珀色和富麗的紅玫瑰色。光線照到哪里，那里就如同一幅幕布被掀開(kāi)。而所有的一切都同樣在驅(qū)散恐懼和黑暗的魔影;所有的一切都展開(kāi)希望的翅膀，向前習(xí)翔，并大聲宣告：“上帝在這里!”于是生命和歡樂(lè)從每一個(gè)蜷伏的洞穴里信心十足地欣然躍出;一切花朵，蓓蕾和鳥(niǎo)雀都感到了生命和歡樂(lè)而抖動(dòng)起來(lái);上帝的凝視匯合成溫柔的恩澤。
也許，那永恒的晨光就會(huì)這樣降臨人間，那時(shí)不再有險(xiǎn)崖溝壑，不再有峰巒山谷，也不再有浩瀚無(wú)際的海洋;萬(wàn)物都將踴躍升騰，在造物主慈愛(ài)的光芒中生輝，因?yàn)樘?yáng)已經(jīng)升起。
【第五篇：On Motes and Beams】
On Motes and Beams
It is curious that our own offenses should seem so much less heinous than the offenses of others. I suppose the reason is that we know all the circumstances that have occasioned them and so manage to excuse in ourselves what we cannot excuse in others. We turn our attention away from our own defects, and when we are forced by untoward events to consider them, find it easy to condone them. For all I know we are right to do this; they are part of us and we must accept the good and bad in ourselves together.
But when we come to judge others, it is not by ourselves as we really are that we judge them, but by an image that we have formed of ourselves fro which we have left out everything that offends our vanity or would discredit us in the eyes of the world. To take a trivial instance: how scornful we are when we catch someone out telling a lie; but who can say that he has never told not one, but a hundred?
There is not much to choose between men. They are all a hotchpotch of greatness and littleness, of virtue and vice, of nobility and baseness. Some have more strength of character, or more opportunity, and so in one direction or another give their instincts freer play, but potentially they are the same. For my part, I do not think I am any better or any worse than most people, but I know that if I set down every action in my life and every thought that has crossed my mind, the world would consider me a monster of depravity. The knowledge that these reveries are common to all men should inspire one with tolerance to oneself as well as to others. It is well also if they enable us to look upon our fellows, even the most eminent and respectable, with humor, and if they lead us to take ourselves not too seriously. 譯文：
微塵與棟梁
讓人奇怪的是，和別人的過(guò)錯(cuò)比起來(lái)，我們自身的過(guò)錯(cuò)往往不是那樣的可惡。我想，其原因應(yīng)該是我們知曉一切導(dǎo)致自己犯錯(cuò)的情況，因此能夠設(shè)法諒解自己的錯(cuò)誤，而別人的錯(cuò)誤卻不能諒解。我們對(duì)自己的缺點(diǎn)不甚關(guān)注，即便是深陷困境而不得不正視它們的時(shí)候，我們也會(huì)很容易就寬恕自己。據(jù)我所知，我們這樣做是正確的。缺點(diǎn)是我們自身的一部分，我們必須接納自己的好和壞。
但是當(dāng)我們?cè)u(píng)判別人的時(shí)候，情況就不同了。我們不是通過(guò)真實(shí)的自我來(lái)評(píng)判別人，而是用一種自我形象來(lái)評(píng)判，這種自我形象完全摒棄了在任何世人眼中會(huì)傷害到自己的虛榮或者體面的東西。舉一個(gè)小例子來(lái)說(shuō)：當(dāng)覺(jué)察到別人說(shuō)謊時(shí)，我們是多么地蔑視他啊!但是，誰(shuí)能夠說(shuō)自從未說(shuō)過(guò)謊?可能還不止一百次呢。
人和人之間沒(méi)什么大的差別。他們皆是偉大與渺小，善良與邪惡，高尚與低俗的混合體。有的人性格比較堅(jiān)毅，機(jī)會(huì)也比較多，因而達(dá)個(gè)或那個(gè)方面，能夠更自由地發(fā)揮自己的稟賦，但是人類的潛能卻都是相同的。至于我自己，我認(rèn)為自己并不比大多數(shù)人更好或者更差，但是我知道，假如我記下我生命中每一次舉動(dòng)和每一個(gè)掠過(guò)我腦海的想法的話，世界就會(huì)將我視為一個(gè)邪惡的怪物。每個(gè)人都會(huì)有這樣的怪念頭，這樣的認(rèn)識(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)能夠啟發(fā)我們寬容自己，也寬容他人。同時(shí)，假如因此我們得以用幽默的態(tài)度看待他人，即使是天下秀最令人尊敬的人，而且假如我們也因此不把自己看得過(guò)于重要，那是很有裨益的。
【第六篇：Work and Pleasure】
Work and Pleasure
To be really happy and really safe, one ought to have at least two or three hobbies, and they must all be real. It is no use starting late in life to say: “I will take an interest in this or that.” Such an attempt only aggravates the strain of mental effort. A man may acquire great knowledge of topics unconnected with his daily work, and yet hardly get any benefit or relief. It is no use doing what you like; you have got to like what you do. Broadly speaking, human being may be divided into three classes: those who are toiled to death, those who are worried to death, and those who are bored to death. It is no use offering the manual laborer, tired out with a hard week’s sweat and effort, the chance of playing a game of football or baseball on Saturday afternoon. It is no use inviting the politician or the professional or business man, who has been working or worrying about serious things for six days, to work or worry about trifling things at the weekend.
It may also be said that rational, industrious, useful human beings are divided into two classes: first, those whose work is work and whose pleasure is pleasure; and secondly, those whose work and pleasure are one. Of these the former are the majority. They have their compensations. The long hours in the office or the factory bring with them as their reward, not only the means of sustenance, but a keen appetite for pleasure even in its simplest and most modest forms. But Fortune’s favored children belong to the second class. Their life is a natural harmony. For them the working hours are never long enough. Each day is a holiday, and ordinary holidays when they come are grudged as enforced interruptions in an absorbing vacation. Yet to both classes the need of an alternative outlook, of a change of atmosphere, of a diversion of effort, is essential. Indeed, it may well be that those whose work is their pleasure are those who most need the means of banishing it at intervals from their minds. 譯文：
工作和娛樂(lè)
要想真正生活得幸福和平安，一個(gè)人至少應(yīng)該有兩三種業(yè)余愛(ài)好，而且必須是真正的愛(ài)好。到了晚年才開(kāi)始說(shuō)“我要培養(yǎng)這個(gè)或那個(gè)興趣”是毫無(wú)用處的，種這種嘗試只會(huì)增加精神上的負(fù)擔(dān)。在與自己日常工作無(wú)關(guān)的領(lǐng)域中，一個(gè)人可以獲得淵博的知識(shí)，但卻很難有所收益或得到放松。做自己喜歡的事是無(wú)益的，你得喜歡自己所做的事。廣言之，人可以分為三個(gè)類別：勞累而死的人，憂慮而死的人和無(wú)聊而死的人。對(duì)于那些體力勞動(dòng)者來(lái)說(shuō)，一周辛苦的工作使他們精疾力竭，因此在周六下午給他們提供踢足球或者打棒球的機(jī)會(huì)是沒(méi)有意義的。對(duì)于政界人士，專業(yè)人士或者商人來(lái)說(shuō)，他們已經(jīng)為棘手的事務(wù)操勞或者煩惱了六天，因此在周末請(qǐng)他們?yōu)楝嵤聞谏裢瑯雍翢o(wú)意義。
或者可以這么說(shuō)，理智的，勤奮的，有用的人可以分為兩類：對(duì)第一類人而言，工作就是工作，娛樂(lè)就是娛樂(lè);對(duì)于第二類人而言，工作和娛樂(lè)是合二為一的。很大一部分人屬于前者。他們可以得到相應(yīng)的補(bǔ)償。在辦公室或工廠里長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的工作，不僅帶給他們維持生計(jì)的金錢，還帶給他們一種渴求娛樂(lè)的強(qiáng)烈欲望，哪怕這種娛樂(lè)消遣是以最簡(jiǎn)單，最淳樸的方式進(jìn)行的。而第二類人則是命運(yùn)的寵兒。他們的生活自然而和諧。在他們看來(lái)，工作時(shí)間永遠(yuǎn)不夠多，每天都是假期;而當(dāng)正常的假日到來(lái)時(shí)，他們總會(huì)抱怨自己有趣的休假被強(qiáng)行中斷。然而，有一些東西對(duì)于這兩類人來(lái)說(shuō)都十分必要，那就是變換一下視角，改變一下氛圍，嘗試做點(diǎn)不同的事情。事實(shí)上，那些把工作看作娛樂(lè)的人可能是需要以某種方式將工作不時(shí)地驅(qū)趕出自己的大腦。