除了比喻擬人,常見的英語(yǔ)修辭你都會(huì)嗎?

字號(hào):

修辭手法是通過(guò)修飾、調(diào)整語(yǔ)句,運(yùn)用特定的表達(dá)形式以提高語(yǔ)言表達(dá)作用的方式和方法。修辭不僅僅在中文里很常見,在英文里也是多種多樣。這篇文章里,我們就來(lái)談一談?dòng)⑽闹谐R姷男揶o手法。整理了相關(guān)內(nèi)容,快來(lái)看看吧!希望能幫助到你~更多相關(guān)訊息請(qǐng)關(guān)注!
    1.simile明喻
    A simile is a figure of speech in which two fundamentally unlike things are explicitly compared, usually in a phrase introduced by like or as.
    明喻是常用as或like等詞將兩種不同事物通過(guò)比較而連接起來(lái)的一種修辭手法。
    讓我們看幾個(gè)例子:
    Good coffee is like friendship: rich and warm and strong.
    好的咖啡如同友誼,豐厚,溫暖,熱烈。
    Life is rather like opening a tin of sardines. We're all of us looking for the key.
    人生就像一罐沙丁魚,我們大家都在找開啟的起子。
    He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen from him to crow.
    他這人就像一只驕傲的公雞,以為太陽(yáng)升起是為了它的啼叫。
    2.metaphor暗喻
    A metaphor is a trope or figure of speech in which an implied comparison is made between two unlike things that actually have something in common.
    暗喻是將兩種有共同點(diǎn)的不同事物進(jìn)行隱晦比較的修辭手法。
    明喻與暗喻的不同點(diǎn)就在于是否有出現(xiàn)like或者as(像)這一類比喻詞,下面這幾個(gè)句子都是暗喻:
    Humor is the shock absorber of life; it helps us take action.
    幽默是生活的減震器,它可以鼓舞人們付諸于行動(dòng)。
    Time, you thief.
    時(shí)間,你這個(gè)小偷。
    But my heart is a lonely hunter that hunts on a lonely hill.
    可是我的心是孤獨(dú)的獵手,在孤獨(dú)的小山上狩獵。
    3.personification擬人
    Personifiation is a figure of speech in which an inanimate object or abstraction is endowed with human qualities or abilities.
    擬人是一種為無(wú)生命或抽象物體賦予人類特質(zhì)與能力的修辭手法。
    Oreo: Milk’s favorite cookie.
    奧利奧:牛奶*喜愛的曲奇。
    The wind stood up and gave a shout.
    大風(fēng)凜冽,發(fā)出怒吼。
    The only monster here is the gambling monster that has enslaved your mother! I call him Gamblor, and it's time to snatch your mother from his neon claws!
    這里的怪物就是賭博怪物,它將你母親淪為奴隸!我叫它賭棍,該把你母親從他的霓虹燈魔爪下救出來(lái)的時(shí)候了!
    4.euphemism委婉語(yǔ)
    Euphemism is the substitution of an inoffensive expression for one considered offensively explicit
    委婉語(yǔ)是使用較委婉含蓄的語(yǔ)言替換強(qiáng)烈冒犯的話語(yǔ)。
    這種修辭可能聽起來(lái)陌生,但在日常生活中的使用頻率其實(shí)很高。比如,老人去世的時(shí)候我們會(huì)采用“過(guò)世”、“走了”這一類的話語(yǔ),這其實(shí)就是委婉語(yǔ)。英文里也有類似的用法,了解委婉語(yǔ)背后真正的含義對(duì)閱讀英語(yǔ)文章也是很有幫助的哦~下面我們就一起看幾個(gè)例子:
    elder citizen老年人(不用old people)
    pass away逝世(不用die)
    You've got a prime figure.你的體態(tài)豐腴。(不用fat)
    5.pun雙關(guān)語(yǔ)
    A pun is a play on words, either on different senses of the same word or on the similar sense or sound of different words.
    雙關(guān)語(yǔ)是指利用同詞不同義或是同音不同詞來(lái)制造文字游戲的一種修辭方式。
    部分電視劇的幽默效果就是通過(guò)雙關(guān)語(yǔ)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。
    You earn your living and you urn your dead.
    生前勞碌奔命,死后化灰入土。
    (earn與urn(火化)同音異義,用在一起顯得俏皮,別有趣味。)
    Seven days without water makes one weak.
    七天不進(jìn)水,人就會(huì)虛弱。
    weak和week是同音異義詞。因此這句話聽起來(lái)可以理解為:
    Seven days without water makes one week.
    6.alliteration頭韻
    Alliteration is the repetition of an initial consonant sound.
    押頭韻是指重復(fù)單詞*個(gè)輔音的修辭方式。
    頭韻是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音修辭的一種,體現(xiàn)了語(yǔ)言的音樂(lè)美和整齊美。廣為熟知的一本名著《傲慢與偏見》(Pride and Prejudice)的書名就體現(xiàn)了頭韻。常見的例子還有:
    first and foremost首先
    with might and main 盡全力地
    saints and sinners 圣人與罪人
    in weal and (or) woe無(wú)論是福是禍
    7.oxymoron矛盾修辭法
    Oxymoron is a figure of speech in which incongruous or contradictory terms appear side by side.
    矛盾修辭法是一種修辭手段,它是用兩種不相調(diào)和,甚至截然相反的詞語(yǔ)來(lái)形容一件事物。
    這個(gè)定義是不是聽起來(lái)云里霧里的呢?讓我們先用中文的例子來(lái)理解一下~
    寶玉道:“我呢?你們也替我想一個(gè)?!?BR>    寶釵笑道:“你的號(hào)早有了,無(wú)事忙三字恰當(dāng)?shù)煤?!?BR>    上文的“無(wú)事忙”就是矛盾修辭法,“無(wú)事”和“忙”不就是兩種截然相反的狀態(tài)嗎?
    再來(lái)看幾個(gè)英文例子:
    We have to believe in free will. We have no choice.
    我們只能相信自由意志,除此之外我們別無(wú)選擇。
    His honour rooted in dishonour stood.
    他那來(lái)源于不名譽(yù)的名譽(yù)依然如故。
    8.hyperbole夸張
    Hyperbole is a figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect; an extravagant statement.
    夸張是對(duì)事物著意夸大的修辭方式。
    我們?cè)诳谡Z(yǔ)中常常會(huì)夸大自己的情緒,比如:
    I was scared to death
    我嚇?biāo)懒恕?BR>    男男*在表達(dá)愛意的時(shí)候經(jīng)常也很夸張:
    You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars….
    你是我的全世界,是我的月亮,我的星星……