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1. Translating content verbatim from a source language to a target language
逐字逐句將源語翻譯成目標語
This is a surefire way to let blunders sneak into your translation. Even though words may be correctly translated, it’s important to know that different languages have different syntax, sentence structure, and subject-object agreement. The key is paying attention to syntactical nuances, the etymology of words, and phraseology between languages.
這么做一定會使你的翻譯出現(xiàn)錯誤。即便是每個字詞翻譯得可能都正確，我們還是要清楚，不同的語言有不同的句法、句子結構和主賓一致。關鍵是要注意句法的細微差別、詞源以及不同語言之間措辭的差異。
2. Failing to interpret intent behind language
沒有譯出語言背后的意思
Missing the intent behind a translation can have big implications. While the translation might be technically correct, the nuance of intent can completely change the meaning of a sentence from one language to another.In some cases, this mistake has escalated tensions between countries bringing them the brink of war, but more often than not it leads to an awkward translation that doesn’t make sense.
譯文沒有體現(xiàn)原文背后的意思可能會產生天壤之別。從一種語言譯入另一種語言時，雖然譯文可能基本正確，但說話意圖的細微差別可能會完全改變句子的意思。有些情況下，這類錯誤加劇了各國之間的緊張關系，使它們?yōu)l臨戰(zhàn)爭的邊緣；但我們更經?？吹降氖?，這種失誤常常會導致翻譯蹩腳不堪、難以理解。
3. Assuming English (U.S.) to English (U.K.) is going to be mirror image
以為美式英語是英式英語的翻版
The differences may be subtle, but they’re important. For example, large online retailers often have copy departments dedicated to product deions just for their U.K. market. Even though you’re essentially speaking the same language, when it comes to reading, there are often spelling differences and phrases that would stand out as starkly American to a British person—words like “favorite/favourite,” and common deions like “to the reverse” instead of “at the back.” The devil is in the details, too—some common words (even words to describe parts of an item of clothing) in the U.S. can be offensive slang words across the pond.
美式英語和英式英語之間可能差別甚微，但這些細微差別卻至關重要。例如，大型在線零售商通常有專門針對其英國市場產品描述的復印部。盡管你們基本上講的是同一種語言，但在閱讀時，通常會有一些拼寫上的差異以及對英國人來說明顯是美式英語的短語——像“favorite/favourite”這兩個詞，并且美國人通常用“to the reverse”來表示背面，而英國人則喜歡用“at the back”。陷阱也通常出現(xiàn)在細節(jié)之處——一些美國的常見詞語（甚至是描述一件服裝不同部位的詞語）很可能在英國就是充滿冒犯意味的俚語。
4. Not having translated content proofed by a native language speaker
不經母語人士校對翻譯內容
The easiest way to comb your translated content for lost intention or awkward phrases is to have a native language speaker proof it. Allowing time in your project for a final proofing phase is a good idea regardless of translation, but when you’re pushing content out into the world in a language you don’t understand, it’s best to be certain it’s not missing the mark.
避免譯文丟失掉原文背后的意思或出現(xiàn)難堪的短語*容易的辦法，就是找一位母語人士校對譯文。無論你翻得如何，在項目進程中安排終審階段是個不錯的辦法。但是當你打算用一種自己不懂的語言將內容推廣到全世界時，*好要確保能達到你的目的。
5. Not creating a glossary or translation memory (TM) database as you go
不及時創(chuàng)建術語表或翻譯記憶數(shù)據(jù)庫
Get the most bang for your buck by creating a glossary of translated terms as you go—something your translator can do in addition to their work. Have your translator write down terms that you often use, words that stood out, or phrases that were a bit more complicated to get right. That way, you’re making life easier for future translators, ensuring more consistency, and hopefully reducing room for error.
及時創(chuàng)建術語翻譯詞匯表可以讓你的收益*大化——你的譯員可以在工作之余完成這項工作。讓譯員寫下你經常使用的術語，特別需要注意的詞匯，或者需要搞清楚的復雜短語。如此一來，就能讓將來合作的譯員工作更輕松，確保內容的一致性，并有助于減少錯誤。
6. Translating text without paying attention to style or tone
翻譯文本時不注意文風或語氣
Imagine how difficult translating a poem would be, and you’re starting to gather how complicated and nuanced nailing tone can be. You might be strictly speaking about the types of words your translator chooses. For example, a casual article shouldn’t be translated with a lot of flourishes, or overly difficult words, a common thing someone who wields a thesaurus too bravely might do. Or, you might be talking about the overall gist of a book or . How it reads can ultimately be as important as what is being read.
想象一下翻譯一首詩有多難，你就會開始了解，描寫到位的語氣是多么復雜和微妙。你可能會嚴格談論你的譯者選擇的詞語類型。例如，翻譯一篇非正式文章不應該使用大量的華麗辭藻或是過于難懂的詞匯，喜歡拽詞的人往往會犯這種錯誤。或者，你可能是在談論某本書或某部劇本的梗概。閱讀方式*終可能和閱讀內容一樣重要。
This mistake isn’t limited to marketing content or literary works, either.An entire article can be misinterpreted if the tone is off. Say a casual document speculating about weather trends is translated with a very formal, authoritative tone. All of a sudden, the reader might take the situation to be much dire than it is, and assume a global storm is imminent.
這個錯誤不僅僅會在營銷內容或文學作品中出現(xiàn)。文章一旦缺乏語氣，可能整篇內容都會被誤解。假設一份關于天氣趨勢的非正式文件以非常正式、官方的語氣翻譯出來，讀者可能會突然覺得天氣狀況比實際情況要糟糕得多，并會設想一場全球風暴即將到來。
Always mind the tone, and make sure you’re communicating your intent clearly with your translation specialist.
始終注意語氣，并確保與翻譯專家清楚地交流你的想法。
7. Assuming knowledge of the language automatically equals skilled translation
認為語言知識自然而然等同于翻譯經驗
Consider this: Even professors who teach a foreign language for a living can make mistakes translating documents. Knowing how to speak two different languages doesn’t automatically qualify someone to translate between the two, contrary to what you might think. Translation is truly an art form and requires learned creativity and plenty of experience to do well.
設想一下，即使有些教授以教外語為生，他在翻譯文件時也會犯錯誤。與你所想的恰恰相反，知道如何說兩種不同的語言并不等同于有資格在兩種語言之間進行翻譯。翻譯是一種真正的藝術形式，需要經過習得的創(chuàng)造力和豐富的經驗才能勝任。
For certain types of translations—highly technical content, medical and scientific translation, or other regulated industries—knowledge of a language is only half of the requirement. You’re also looking for someone skilled in that industry or field. For marketing translation, you might require more cultural knowledge to resonate with that audience—for example, knowing about religious holidays, political news, or pop culture.
對于某些類型的翻譯，包括高技術含量的內容、醫(yī)學和科學翻譯、或其它受管轄的行業(yè)，語言知識只占翻譯要求的一半。你同時也是在尋找在這個行業(yè)或領域有豐富翻譯經驗的人。對于營銷翻譯，你可能需要更多的文化知識來與讀者產生共鳴，例如了解宗教節(jié)日、政治新聞或流行文化。
8. Thinking languages never change or evolve
認為語言永不改變或演進
New words are added to the dictionary every year—and not just in the English language. Translators are professional students of the languages they learn, staying up to date on new words, trends, and evolutions of language.
每年字典里都會收錄新的詞匯，不止英語如此。譯者在其所學語言方面有所專攻，要不斷跟進語言中出現(xiàn)的新詞匯以及語言的發(fā)展趨勢和演進。
9. Ignoring “untranslatable” words or native colloquial sayings
忽略“不可譯”詞匯或本土口語表述
This is a common problem when using slang, common sayings, or catchy taglines. They might work in one language, but fall flat in another. Your best bet is to have a native language speaker proof it to make sure your meaning carries over to your target language.Or else, you might end up like HSBC bank whose rebranded tagline “Assume Nothing” becomes “Do Nothing” in another country.
這個問題普遍出現(xiàn)在使用俚語、俗語、標語口號時的情況。這些表述或許在某種語言中能夠達意，但在另一種語言中講不通。*好的辦法是讓說母語的人進行校對，以確保你的意思符合目標語的表達習慣。否則可能就會鬧匯豐銀行那樣的笑話，在重塑品牌過程中將“絕不麻痹大意”的口號翻譯成另一國語言里“毫不作為”的意思。
10. Assuming numbers are just numbers, no matter the language
認為數(shù)字就是數(shù)字，無關語言
Pay close attention to figures, stats, and any translation of numerical information like currency, dates, times, drug doses, and the metric system (weights, distances, temperatures, etc.). It might seem like numbers are numbers no matter who’s reading them, buttheir formats can vary from country to country, and the language surrounding them might affect their interpretation.
要格外留意數(shù)字、數(shù)據(jù)等數(shù)字信息的翻譯，如貨幣、日期、時間、藥物劑量和公制單位（重量、距離、溫度等）。雖然看上去無論譯文的受眾是誰，數(shù)字就是數(shù)字，但它們的形式卻因國而異，數(shù)字周圍的語言可能也會影響對它們的解讀。
1. Translating content verbatim from a source language to a target language
逐字逐句將源語翻譯成目標語
This is a surefire way to let blunders sneak into your translation. Even though words may be correctly translated, it’s important to know that different languages have different syntax, sentence structure, and subject-object agreement. The key is paying attention to syntactical nuances, the etymology of words, and phraseology between languages.
這么做一定會使你的翻譯出現(xiàn)錯誤。即便是每個字詞翻譯得可能都正確，我們還是要清楚，不同的語言有不同的句法、句子結構和主賓一致。關鍵是要注意句法的細微差別、詞源以及不同語言之間措辭的差異。
2. Failing to interpret intent behind language
沒有譯出語言背后的意思
Missing the intent behind a translation can have big implications. While the translation might be technically correct, the nuance of intent can completely change the meaning of a sentence from one language to another.In some cases, this mistake has escalated tensions between countries bringing them the brink of war, but more often than not it leads to an awkward translation that doesn’t make sense.
譯文沒有體現(xiàn)原文背后的意思可能會產生天壤之別。從一種語言譯入另一種語言時，雖然譯文可能基本正確，但說話意圖的細微差別可能會完全改變句子的意思。有些情況下，這類錯誤加劇了各國之間的緊張關系，使它們?yōu)l臨戰(zhàn)爭的邊緣；但我們更經?？吹降氖?，這種失誤常常會導致翻譯蹩腳不堪、難以理解。
3. Assuming English (U.S.) to English (U.K.) is going to be mirror image
以為美式英語是英式英語的翻版
The differences may be subtle, but they’re important. For example, large online retailers often have copy departments dedicated to product deions just for their U.K. market. Even though you’re essentially speaking the same language, when it comes to reading, there are often spelling differences and phrases that would stand out as starkly American to a British person—words like “favorite/favourite,” and common deions like “to the reverse” instead of “at the back.” The devil is in the details, too—some common words (even words to describe parts of an item of clothing) in the U.S. can be offensive slang words across the pond.
美式英語和英式英語之間可能差別甚微，但這些細微差別卻至關重要。例如，大型在線零售商通常有專門針對其英國市場產品描述的復印部。盡管你們基本上講的是同一種語言，但在閱讀時，通常會有一些拼寫上的差異以及對英國人來說明顯是美式英語的短語——像“favorite/favourite”這兩個詞，并且美國人通常用“to the reverse”來表示背面，而英國人則喜歡用“at the back”。陷阱也通常出現(xiàn)在細節(jié)之處——一些美國的常見詞語（甚至是描述一件服裝不同部位的詞語）很可能在英國就是充滿冒犯意味的俚語。
4. Not having translated content proofed by a native language speaker
不經母語人士校對翻譯內容
The easiest way to comb your translated content for lost intention or awkward phrases is to have a native language speaker proof it. Allowing time in your project for a final proofing phase is a good idea regardless of translation, but when you’re pushing content out into the world in a language you don’t understand, it’s best to be certain it’s not missing the mark.
避免譯文丟失掉原文背后的意思或出現(xiàn)難堪的短語*容易的辦法，就是找一位母語人士校對譯文。無論你翻得如何，在項目進程中安排終審階段是個不錯的辦法。但是當你打算用一種自己不懂的語言將內容推廣到全世界時，*好要確保能達到你的目的。
5. Not creating a glossary or translation memory (TM) database as you go
不及時創(chuàng)建術語表或翻譯記憶數(shù)據(jù)庫
Get the most bang for your buck by creating a glossary of translated terms as you go—something your translator can do in addition to their work. Have your translator write down terms that you often use, words that stood out, or phrases that were a bit more complicated to get right. That way, you’re making life easier for future translators, ensuring more consistency, and hopefully reducing room for error.
及時創(chuàng)建術語翻譯詞匯表可以讓你的收益*大化——你的譯員可以在工作之余完成這項工作。讓譯員寫下你經常使用的術語，特別需要注意的詞匯，或者需要搞清楚的復雜短語。如此一來，就能讓將來合作的譯員工作更輕松，確保內容的一致性，并有助于減少錯誤。
6. Translating text without paying attention to style or tone
翻譯文本時不注意文風或語氣
Imagine how difficult translating a poem would be, and you’re starting to gather how complicated and nuanced nailing tone can be. You might be strictly speaking about the types of words your translator chooses. For example, a casual article shouldn’t be translated with a lot of flourishes, or overly difficult words, a common thing someone who wields a thesaurus too bravely might do. Or, you might be talking about the overall gist of a book or . How it reads can ultimately be as important as what is being read.
想象一下翻譯一首詩有多難，你就會開始了解，描寫到位的語氣是多么復雜和微妙。你可能會嚴格談論你的譯者選擇的詞語類型。例如，翻譯一篇非正式文章不應該使用大量的華麗辭藻或是過于難懂的詞匯，喜歡拽詞的人往往會犯這種錯誤。或者，你可能是在談論某本書或某部劇本的梗概。閱讀方式*終可能和閱讀內容一樣重要。
This mistake isn’t limited to marketing content or literary works, either.An entire article can be misinterpreted if the tone is off. Say a casual document speculating about weather trends is translated with a very formal, authoritative tone. All of a sudden, the reader might take the situation to be much dire than it is, and assume a global storm is imminent.
這個錯誤不僅僅會在營銷內容或文學作品中出現(xiàn)。文章一旦缺乏語氣，可能整篇內容都會被誤解。假設一份關于天氣趨勢的非正式文件以非常正式、官方的語氣翻譯出來，讀者可能會突然覺得天氣狀況比實際情況要糟糕得多，并會設想一場全球風暴即將到來。
Always mind the tone, and make sure you’re communicating your intent clearly with your translation specialist.
始終注意語氣，并確保與翻譯專家清楚地交流你的想法。
7. Assuming knowledge of the language automatically equals skilled translation
認為語言知識自然而然等同于翻譯經驗
Consider this: Even professors who teach a foreign language for a living can make mistakes translating documents. Knowing how to speak two different languages doesn’t automatically qualify someone to translate between the two, contrary to what you might think. Translation is truly an art form and requires learned creativity and plenty of experience to do well.
設想一下，即使有些教授以教外語為生，他在翻譯文件時也會犯錯誤。與你所想的恰恰相反，知道如何說兩種不同的語言并不等同于有資格在兩種語言之間進行翻譯。翻譯是一種真正的藝術形式，需要經過習得的創(chuàng)造力和豐富的經驗才能勝任。
For certain types of translations—highly technical content, medical and scientific translation, or other regulated industries—knowledge of a language is only half of the requirement. You’re also looking for someone skilled in that industry or field. For marketing translation, you might require more cultural knowledge to resonate with that audience—for example, knowing about religious holidays, political news, or pop culture.
對于某些類型的翻譯，包括高技術含量的內容、醫(yī)學和科學翻譯、或其它受管轄的行業(yè)，語言知識只占翻譯要求的一半。你同時也是在尋找在這個行業(yè)或領域有豐富翻譯經驗的人。對于營銷翻譯，你可能需要更多的文化知識來與讀者產生共鳴，例如了解宗教節(jié)日、政治新聞或流行文化。
8. Thinking languages never change or evolve
認為語言永不改變或演進
New words are added to the dictionary every year—and not just in the English language. Translators are professional students of the languages they learn, staying up to date on new words, trends, and evolutions of language.
每年字典里都會收錄新的詞匯，不止英語如此。譯者在其所學語言方面有所專攻，要不斷跟進語言中出現(xiàn)的新詞匯以及語言的發(fā)展趨勢和演進。
9. Ignoring “untranslatable” words or native colloquial sayings
忽略“不可譯”詞匯或本土口語表述
This is a common problem when using slang, common sayings, or catchy taglines. They might work in one language, but fall flat in another. Your best bet is to have a native language speaker proof it to make sure your meaning carries over to your target language.Or else, you might end up like HSBC bank whose rebranded tagline “Assume Nothing” becomes “Do Nothing” in another country.
這個問題普遍出現(xiàn)在使用俚語、俗語、標語口號時的情況。這些表述或許在某種語言中能夠達意，但在另一種語言中講不通。*好的辦法是讓說母語的人進行校對，以確保你的意思符合目標語的表達習慣。否則可能就會鬧匯豐銀行那樣的笑話，在重塑品牌過程中將“絕不麻痹大意”的口號翻譯成另一國語言里“毫不作為”的意思。
10. Assuming numbers are just numbers, no matter the language
認為數(shù)字就是數(shù)字，無關語言
Pay close attention to figures, stats, and any translation of numerical information like currency, dates, times, drug doses, and the metric system (weights, distances, temperatures, etc.). It might seem like numbers are numbers no matter who’s reading them, buttheir formats can vary from country to country, and the language surrounding them might affect their interpretation.
要格外留意數(shù)字、數(shù)據(jù)等數(shù)字信息的翻譯，如貨幣、日期、時間、藥物劑量和公制單位（重量、距離、溫度等）。雖然看上去無論譯文的受眾是誰，數(shù)字就是數(shù)字，但它們的形式卻因國而異，數(shù)字周圍的語言可能也會影響對它們的解讀。