新概念英語第一冊:語法句型

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    《新概念英語》是1997年由外語教學(xué)與研究出版社和培生教育出版中國有限公司聯(lián)合出版的一套英語教材。作為一套世界聞名的英語教程,以其全新的教學(xué)理念,有趣的課文內(nèi)容和全面的技能訓(xùn)練,深受廣大英語學(xué)習(xí)者的歡迎和喜愛。進(jìn)入中國以后,《新概念英語》歷經(jīng)數(shù)次重印,以大限度地滿足不同層次、不同類型英語學(xué)習(xí)者的需求。為您整理了以下內(nèi)容,僅供參考。希望可以幫助到您!如果您想要了解更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容,歡迎關(guān)注!
    【篇一】There be句型:
    There be 句型 表示哪里有什么東西(某處有某物)
    There is+單數(shù)名詞+表示場所的詞(一般為介詞詞組)
    There is a book in this room.
    There is a pen on the table
    There are+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+表示場所的詞(一般為介詞詞組)
    There are two pens on the table.
    There are three schools there.
    ★變疑問句將be動詞移到句首
    Is there a book in this room?
    Are there two pens on the table?
    ★變否定句在動詞后面加not
    There is not a book in this room.
    There are not two pens on the table.
    ★肯定回答及否定回答
    Yes, there is. No, there is not.
    Yes, there are. No, there are not.
    【篇二】Be going to
    Be going to 結(jié)構(gòu) 表示打算,準(zhǔn)備,計劃做某事
    ★結(jié)構(gòu):主語+be動詞+going to +動詞原型
    I am going to make a bookcase.
    They are going to paint it.
    The father is going to give the bookcase to his daughter.
    ★變疑問句將be動詞移到句首
    Are you going to make a bookcase?
    Are they going to paint it?
    Is the father going to give the bookcase to his daughter?
    ★變否定句在be動詞后面加not
    I am not going to make a bookcase.
    They are going to paint it.
    The father is not going to give the bookcase to his daughter.
    ★肯定回答及否定回答
    Yes, I am. No, I am not.
    Yes, they are. No, they are not.
    Yes, he is. No, he is not.
    ★特殊疑問句
    What are you going to do?
    What are they going to do?
    What is the father going to do?
    【篇三】祈使句
    祈使句表示請求、命令、建議、邀請等,謂語動詞一律用原型,句子中通常不用主語,句末用驚嘆好或者句號,用降調(diào)。
    ★肯定句:動詞原型
    Come here, please.
    Go downstairs, please.
    Stand up.
    Sit down.
    Be quiet.
    Be careful.
    祈使句中如果有喚語,一定要用逗號隔開,放在句首或者句尾:
    Come in, Amy.
    Sit down here, Tom.
    Mary, give me a book please.
    ★否定:Don't+動詞原型
    Don't come here.
    Don't sit down.
    Don't stand up.
    Don't give me it.
    let sb. do 讓某人做
    Let me pass.
    Let us have a rest.
    Let's have a rest.
    反意疑問:
    Let's have a walk along the river, shall we?
    Let us go out for a drink, will you?
    【篇四】倒裝句
    倒裝句,顧名思義,就是把句子某些成分的順序顛倒,用以強調(diào)、突出特定語義。在倒裝句中,顛倒了的成分可以恢復(fù)原位而句意基本不變,句法成分不變。
    倒裝句應(yīng)該是所有語言中的一種普遍語法現(xiàn)象,在俄語等語言里,只要詞語的格正確,句子中詞語的順序是可以隨意放置的,因此想要強調(diào)誰就可以把誰放在前面;在漢語等語言里,對詞語的順序要求很嚴(yán),但仍然會有“孔文子何以謂之‘文’也”,“僵臥孤村不自哀”這樣的倒裝現(xiàn)象。
    我們先來看倒裝句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)
    主語和謂語是句子的核心,它們之間有兩種語序
    一是主語在謂語之前稱為自然語序;
    二是主語在謂語之后則稱為倒裝語序。
    而倒裝語序中又有完全倒裝和部分倒裝
    完全倒裝:又稱"全部倒裝",是指將句子中的謂語全部置于主語之前。此結(jié)構(gòu)通常只用于一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時。也就是謂語+主語+……
    理論的東西說多了大家迷糊,其實我們通常見到的There be句型就是完全倒裝句
    ①There be(的各種形式)+主語(+地點或時間狀語)
    例子:
    There was problem between us.我們倆之間曾經(jīng)有矛盾
    There are ducks swimming in the river.河里有很多鴨子在游
    ②副詞小品詞+謂語動詞+名詞主語+……
    Out runs a lady.跑出來一位女士
    Away flew the birds.鳥兒飛走了
    ③過去分詞或現(xiàn)在分詞+be的各種形式+主語+……
    Standing beside the table was his wife.站在桌子旁的是他的夫人
    需要注意的是,某些副詞開頭的句子構(gòu)成的完全倒裝here、there、now、then、thus等副詞開頭的句子可構(gòu)成完全倒裝。條件是謂語動詞是不及物動詞,如arise、be、come、exist、go、follow等。需要注意的是,當(dāng)主語是代詞時,不能構(gòu)成倒裝。(方位詞在句首,主語是名詞,全部倒裝)
    Here comes Harry Potte.哈利 波特來了。
    Here it is.在這里。
    Here is your bag.這是你的包,根據(jù)語境還可翻譯為給你包。
    部分倒裝(PartialInversion)(又稱半倒裝句):指將謂語的一部分如助動詞或情態(tài)動詞倒裝至主語之前,而謂語動詞無變化。如果句中的謂語沒有助動詞或情態(tài)動詞,則需添加助動詞do,does或did,并將其置于主語之前。
    表示強調(diào)倒裝句突出、常見的修辭效果就是強調(diào),其表現(xiàn)形式如下:
    1.only+狀語或狀語從句置于句首,被該狀語修飾的句子用部分倒裝。
    Only in this way can you solve this problem.
    只有用這種方法,你才可以解決這個問題。
    Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.
    只有當(dāng)他已經(jīng)說出那個字后才意識到自己犯了個大錯誤。
    2.hardly,in no way,little,scarcely,seldom, never,no more,no longer,not,not only,no sooner,not only…(but also),not until…等具有否定意義的詞或詞組位于句首,句子用部分倒裝。
    No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
    我剛到家就下起了雨。
    Seldom do I go to work by bus.
    我很少乘公共汽車上班。
    Not until twelve o'clock did she go to bed last night.
    她昨晚十二點才上 床睡覺。
    3.so/such...that結(jié)構(gòu)中的so或such位于句首可以構(gòu)成部分倒裝句,表示強調(diào)so/such和that之間的部分。
    So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled.
    他的要價太離譜,令每個人都瞠目結(jié)舌。
    To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out.
    她的彩排進(jìn)行得那么長,以致于那兩個演員都走出去了。
    以上各例都用倒裝語序突出了句首成分,其語氣較自然語序強烈,因而具有極佳的修辭效果。
    看完了倒裝句的分類,我們來具體看幾個倒裝句的應(yīng)用場景。
    為了避免句子部分內(nèi)容不必要的重復(fù),常用"so+be動詞(助動詞、情態(tài)動詞)+主語"或"neither/nor+be動詞(助動詞、情態(tài)動詞)+主語"的倒裝句式。其中第一個句式表示"與前面所述的肯定情況相同",第二個句式表示"與前面所述的否定情況相同"。
    A:His uncle is(not)a worker; B:so is mine.(nor is mine.)
    A:他叔叔(不)是工人,B:我叔叔也是。(我叔叔也不是。)
    A:He used to have his further study abroad; B:so did I.(neither did I.)
    A:他曾去國外深造過。B:我也去過。(我也沒有。)
    可以概括成:主語相同不倒裝,主語不同倒裝。
    倒裝可把前一句說到的人或物,或與前一句有聯(lián)系的人或物在下一句緊接著先說出來,從而使前后兩句在意思上的關(guān)系更加清楚,銜接更加緊密,起到承上啟下的作用。
    They broke into her uncle's bedroom and found the man lying on the floor, dead. Around his head was a brown snake.
    他們破門進(jìn)入她叔叔的臥室,發(fā)現(xiàn)他躺在地板上死了。一條棕褐色的蛇纏在他頭上。
    We really should not resent being called paupers. Paupers we are, and paupers we shall remain.
    我們確實不應(yīng)因為被稱作窮光蛋而憤憤不平。我們的確是窮光蛋,而且還會繼續(xù)是窮光蛋。
    【篇五】so/neither的倒裝句
    He can swim. So can I.
    I didn’t go to class. Neither did I.
    結(jié)構(gòu):
    so/neither+情態(tài)動詞+ 主語
    so/neither+be+ 主語
    so/neither+助動詞+ 主語
    現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時, am, is, are
    一般現(xiàn)在時, do, does/am, is, are
    現(xiàn)在完成時, have, has
    過去進(jìn)行時,was, were
    一般將來時, will, shall,
    過去完成時,had
    過去將來時, would
    一般過去時, did