2017年6月英語四級新大綱新增詞匯(六)

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    201. municipal [mjuː'nɪsɪpl]
    a.市的,市政的,市辦的
    ✎ 示例:
    He works in the municipal government. 他在市政府工作。
    202. narrate [nə'reɪt]
    vt.①敘述 ②(給紀錄片或節(jié)目)作解說
    ✎ 示例:
    The discovery of Maderia is narrated with all the exaggeration of romance.人們在講述馬德利島的發(fā)現(xiàn)過程中,用了大量的浪漫、夸張的手法。
    203. naughty ['nɔːti]
    a.(尤指兒童)頑皮的,淘氣的
    ✎ 示例:
    What a naughty child! 這孩子真皮!
    204. negate [nɪ'ɡeɪt]
    vt.①取消,使無效 ②否定,否認
    ✎ 示例:
    You can negate me, but not my love for you. 你可以否定我這個人,但是不要否定我對你的感情。
    205. nude [njuːd]
    a.*的 n.*藝術品
    ✎ 示例:
    He was one of Australia's most distinguished artists, renowned for his portraits, landscapes and nudes. 他是澳大利亞為杰出的藝術家之一,以肖像畫、風景畫和*畫而聞名。
    206. obese [əʊ'biːs]
    a.肥大的,肥胖的
    ✎ 示例:
    Obese people tend to have higher blood pressure than lean people. 胖人常常比瘦人血壓高。
    207. odo(u)r [ˈəudə]
    n.①(尤指難聞的)氣味 ②臭味
    ✎ 示例:
    I love the delightful odour of freshly roasted coffee beans. 我喜歡新烘咖啡豆的清香氣味。
    208. optimism ['ɒptɪmɪzəm]
    n.樂觀(主義)
    ✎ 示例:
    Optimism is a good characteristic, but if carried to an excess it becomes foolishness.(Roosevelt) 樂觀是一種優(yōu)秀品質,但如果過分樂觀就是愚蠢了。(羅斯福)
    209. opt [ɒpt]
    vi.選擇,挑選
    ✎ 示例:
    He didn't exactly opt out because he never opted in.確切地說他并沒有退出,因為他壓根兒就沒有參加。
    210. organism ['ɔːɡənɪzəm]
    n.①生物 ②有機組織
    ✎ 示例:
    Not all chemicals normally present in living organisms are harmless. 并不是所有常見于生物體中的化學物質都無害。
    211. outbreak ['aʊtbreɪk]
    n.(戰(zhàn)爭、情感、火山等的)爆發(fā)
    ✎ 示例:
    He was born just before the outbreak of the war.他生于戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)前不久。
    212. outdated [ˌaʊtˈdeɪtid]
    a.過時的,陳舊的
    ✎ 示例:
    Our methods of management are too outdated and simplistic. 我們的管理方式過于陳舊單一。
    213. outskirts [ 'aʊtskɜːts]
    n.市郊
    ✎ 示例:
    Hours later we reached the outskirts of New York. 我們幾小時后到達了紐約市郊。
    214. overdue [ˌəʊvə'djuː]
    a.①(到期)未付的 ②早該發(fā)生的
    ✎ 示例:
    The library called in all overdue books.圖書館要求把所有逾期未還的書收回。
    215. overhear [ˌəʊvə'hɪə]
    vt.偶然聽到,無意中聽到[△故意竊聽、偷聽是eavesdrop]
    ✎ 示例:
    I overheard their conversation.我無意中聽到了他們的談話。
    216. oversee [ˌəʊvə'siː]
    vt.監(jiān)督,監(jiān)管
    ✎ 示例:
    It's not my responsibility to oversee new staff.監(jiān)督新員工可不是我的責任。
    217. oversight ['əʊvəsaɪt]
    n.①疏忽,忽略 ②負責
    ✎ 示例:
    I had the oversight of their collection of books and manuscripts. 我負責照管他們收藏的書籍和手稿。
    218. overthrow ['əʊvəθrəʊ]n. [əʊvə'θrəʊ]vt.
    n.* vt.①(尤指用武力)*,* ②摒棄
    ✎ 示例:
    He was arrested for attempting to overthrow the government.他企圖*政府,因而被逮捕了。
    219. ozone ['əʊzəʊn]
    n.臭氧
    ✎ 示例:
    Ozone is produced by the reaction between oxygen and ultraviolet light. 臭氧由氧氣和紫外線發(fā)生反應而產(chǎn)生。
    220. paddy ['pædi]
    n.①稻田 ②(常sing.)(BrE)發(fā)火,發(fā)怒
    ✎ 示例:
    What was formerly a sandbank has now become fertile paddy fields. 原來的沙灘如今變成了米糧川。
    221. paperback ['peɪpəbæk]
    n.平裝書,簡裝書
    ✎ 示例:
    A paperback edition is now available at bookshops. 平裝本現(xiàn)在在書店可以買到。
    222. paradox ['pærədɒks]
    n.①悖論 ②自相矛盾的人(或事物、情況)
    ✎ 示例:
    The paradox of earth is that it cradles life and then entombs life.大地的奧妙在于它既生長萬物,亦埋葬萬物。
    223. pastime [ 'pɑːstaɪm]
    n.消遣,娛樂
    ✎ 示例:
    Playing cards is our favorite pastime when we travel by train.打牌是我們乘火車旅行時喜歡的娛樂消遣。
    224. payroll [ 'peɪˌrəʊl]
    n.①工資名單 ②(常sing.)(公司的)工資總支出
    ✎ 示例:
    They had 87 000 employees on the payroll. 他們在編員工有87,000名。
    225. peanut [ˈpiːˌnʌt]
    n.花生
    ✎ 示例:
    The Orientals use no butter. They prefer the very healthful peanut oil. 東方人不吃黃油,他們更喜歡對健康非常有益處的花生油。
    226. pearl [ 'pɜː(r)l]
    n.珍珠
    ✎ 示例:
    She wore a string of pearls at her throat. 她戴了一串珍珠項鏈。
    227. peril [ 'perəl]
    n.①(嚴重)危險 ②(常sing.)禍害
    ✎ 示例:
    Many species are in peril of extinction because of our destruction of their natural habitat. 許多物種由于我們破壞了它們的自然環(huán)境,現(xiàn)在正面臨滅絕的危險。
    228. persevere [ˌpɜːsɪ 'vɪə]
    vi.(in)堅持,孜孜以求
    ✎ 示例:
    They persevere in spite of all kinds of difficulties.盡管有各種困難,他們還是堅持下去。
    229. pessimism ['pesəˌmɪzəm]
    n.悲觀,悲觀情緒,悲觀主義,悲觀主義者
    ✎ 示例:
    He looked upon his parents' quarrels with growing pessimism and apathy.他對父母的爭吵越來越悲觀和不關心。
    230. petty [ 'peti]
    a.①小的,瑣碎的 ②小氣的,小心眼的
    ✎ 示例:
    I think that attitude is a bit petty.我覺得那種態(tài)度有點小題大做。
    231. pirate ['paɪrət]
    n.①海盜 ②侵權者 vt.盜版
    ✎ 示例:
    It was said that the pirate buried their treasure on this island.據(jù)說海盜把他們的金銀財寶埋藏在這個島上。
    232. plumbing [ 'plʌmɪŋ]
    n.①自來水管道 ②水暖工的工作
    ✎ 示例:
    Plumbing and electrics are installed to a high standard. 管道設備和電路按照高標準安裝。
    233. preach [priːtʃ]
    v.①講道 ②鼓吹
    ✎ 示例:
    Health experts are now preaching that even a little exercise is far better than none at all.現(xiàn)在健康專家都在宣揚,即使是少量的運動也遠比根本不運動好得多。
    234. proficient [prəˈfiʃnt]
    a.熟練的,精通的
    ✎ 示例:
    After two years of living and working in China, Ms. Berman is proficient in Mandarin.在中國工作和生活了兩年后,Berman的普通話已經(jīng)非常熟練了。
    235. profound [prə'faʊnd]
    a.①深奧的 ②見解深刻的
    ✎ 示例:
    Reading makes a full man,meditation a profound man,discourse a clear man.(Franklin)博覽群書使人充實;冥思苦想使人深邃;探討論證使人明辨。(富蘭克林)
    236. prose [prəʊz]
    n.散文
    ✎ 示例:
    Shute's prose is stark and chillingly unsentimental. 舒特的散文平鋪直敘,沒有感情,讓人感覺冷冰冰的。
    237. proverb ['prɒvɜːb]
    n.諺語,格言
    ✎ 示例:
    An old Arab proverb says, “The enemy of my enemy is my friend.” 一句古老的阿拉伯諺語說,“敵人的敵人是朋友?!?BR>    238. quantify ['kwɒntɪfaɪ]
    vt.量化
    ✎ 示例:
    It is difficult to quantify an exact figure as firms are reluctant to declare their losses.由于各家公司都不愿意公布所受的損失,所以很難得出一個精確的數(shù)字。
    239. quota ['kwəʊtə]
    n.①定額,配額,限額 ②定量,指標
    ✎ 示例:
    The bill would force employers to adopt a quota system when recruiting workers. 該法案將迫使雇主在招聘工人時采取限額制度。
    240. refrain [rɪ'freɪn]
    vi.抑制,克制,忍住
    ✎ 示例:
    How shall I refrain from tears when we part? 我們分手時,我怎么能抑制住眼淚?